Panacea Journal of Medical Sciences

93-95

Authors: Rakhee Ambade*

What is precision medicine, pharmacogenomics and neutron genomics? Precision medicine refers to the adapting medical treatment to the individual characteristics of each patient. According to the Precision Medicine Initiative, precision medicine is an emerging approach for disease treatment and prevention that takes into account individual variability in genes, environment, and lifestyle for each person. In this field, the individuals are classified into subpopulation that differ in their susceptibility to a particular disease or in prognosis of those diseases they develop, or in their responses to the specific treatment, in terms of their uniqueness in genome and targeting therapeutic and preventive intervention according to it. This approach allows doctors and researchers to foresee more accurately which treatment and prevention strategies for a particular disease work for the individual or groups of people

100-102

Authors: Arun Pandey,S D. Joshi*,Kxitiza Pandey,Shailja Khansili,Abhinav Nethani

Tuberculosis (TB) is the commonest opportunistic infection and the number one cause of death in HIV patients in developing countries. HIV co-infection is the most powerful known risk factor for progression of?M. tuberculosis infection to active disease, increasing the risk of?latent TB reactivation. The study was carried out to study the trend of Tuberculosis in HIV seropositive patients and determine HIV-TB co-morbidity?in Dehradun, Uttarakhand. A retrospective study of standardized patient records was conducted from December 2017 to November 2018 of all HIV sero-positive patients registered to ART PLUS Centre Govt. Doon Hospital Dehradun. TB suspected patients were referred to RNTCP. Data was taken and analyzed by Microsoft Excel. Among total of 18319 HIV positive patients attending ART centre (ART and Pre- ART enrolled) during the study period, 585 patients were suspected of TB and were referred from ART to RNTCP. Total 128 (21.9%) patients were diagnosed with TB, of which 71(55.46%) patients were diagnosed for pulmonary TB and 57(44.5%) were Extra-Pulmonary TB. In our study Male predominance was seen and most of the cases were of age group 19-40 years, mostly belonging to rural areas.

107-112

Authors: Abhijeet Arun Deshmukh*,Sampada Sadhoo,Shubhangi Meshram,K Vidya

Hamstring flexibility plays an important role in physical fitness. Hamstring tightness is determined by knee extension deficit. Passive stretching is simple and found effective to improve muscle flexibility. In clinical settings, 90-90 passive stretching test is used whereas knee to chest position stretches proximal ends of hamstrings which leads to isolated hip flexion and causes all three muscles tendons of hamstrings to lengthen to a greater degree because lever arms are larger at the hip. The present study hypothesized that stretching both proximal and distal ends of hamstrings will be more effective than stretching distal end in full range alone. Therefore present study determines whether adding component like knee to chest position to 90-90 passive hamstring stretch enhances the flexibility. Total 200 young healthy individuals (100 Males, 100 Females) of age 18 to 25 years participated in study. Individuals with bilateral hamstring tightness (>20 degrees) were included. Randomly, on one side passive 90-90 stretching technique was applied (60 seconds)and on other side 90-90 passive hamstring technique (30 seconds) plus knee to chest passive stretch (30 seconds) was applied and compared between both genders. Active knee extension test was used as an outcome measure for calculating hamstring tightness angle. Stastically unpaired t- test was used for comparison between tests. Results showed highly significant increase (p=0.0005) in knee extension range of motion with 90-90 passive hamstring stretch plus knee to chest position than 90-90 hamstring stretch alone. Hence, 90-90 passive hamstring stretching technique plus knee to chest position found more effective in hamstring flexibility than 90-90 passive hamstring stretch alone.

116-122

Authors: Abhijeet Arun Deshmukh,Mrunmayee Mukund Joshi*

Modified functional reach test is valid and reliable tool to assess sitting balance in children in forward and lateral direction. Normative data of modified functional reach test for school going children has not been established yet in central India, as well correlation of anthropometric data with reach distance values not studied, hence this study was undertaken. Total 280 children (6 to 12 years), 140 Boys and 140 Girls, were selected by stratified random sampling method, subdivided into 7 subgroups (10B, 10G in each group) from two schools. Height was measured using stature meter, trunk length and leg length were measured using measuring tape, weight was measured using weighing machine, spinal flexibility was tested with the help of sit and reach test, hamstring angle was measured using goniometer by 90-90 test. Child reached with dominant shoulder at 90 degree of flexion and abduction in forward and lateral direction respectively while sitting on height adjustable stool with hip and knee at 90 degrees and feet placed neutral on ground. The reach distance was measured using a yard stick mounted on the wall, at the height of child’s shoulder. The mean of three successive trials was calculated. Karl Pearson correlation moment product was used to determine correlation between age, gender and anthropometric measurements with modified forward and lateral reach. Normal values of modified forward and lateral reach were observed as 19.53 to 26.48cm and 17.68 to 22.50cm respectively. Height and weight correlated significantly with modified functional reach values.

126-127

Authors: Rakesh K Singh,Suprakash Chaudhury*,Chetan Diwan,Spandana Devabhaktuni

Porencephaly is an extremely rare congenital disorder characterized by a cyst or a cavity filled with cerebrospinal fluid, in the brain’s parenchyma. An 18-year-old male with moderate intellectual disability presented with periodic unprovoked anger outbursts lasting 3-5 minutes of recent onset. Computed tomography of the head was done after the consultation and revealed a large porencephalic cyst in the left frontotemporal region. The patient responded well with tablet Clobazam 5mg BD and tablet Sodium Valproate 300mg BD. The condition is briefly discussed.