Journal of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine

6

Authors: Akas, O., Maikai, B. V., Abare, M. S. and Sackey, A. K. B.

Cryptosporidiosis is a zoonotic disease caused by the protozoan parasite Cryptosporidium spp. A cross-sectional study was conducted to determine the prevalence of Cryptosporidium spp. copro-antigens in piglets from Kafanchan, Kaduna Sate, Nigeria. A total of 185 faecal samples from piglets were collected and tested using a commercial kit (Copro-Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent AssayTM). An overall prevalence of 16.8% (31/185) was recorded from the study. The prevalence was relatively higher in piglets of age 5 to 6 weeks (17.8%), than age 0 to 4 weeks (15.4%), in male (17.7%) than in female (15.9%), in Land white breed (17.5%) than in Land race breed (12.0%), in piglets managed under semi-intensive (18.7%), than those managed under intensive system (10.9%). There were no statistical significant associations (p>0.05) among the various parameters investigated, however, piglets with diarrhea had higher (34.5%) rate of infection than those without (13.5%) diarrhea and the association was statistically significant (OR = 3.383; 95% CI on OR: 1.385 < OR <8.265, p = 0.007). Among the investigated factors, presence of diarrhea was shown to be a significant factor in the spread of Cryptosporidium infection in piglets. It may be concluded that such a symptom needs to be routinely investigated under the production systems practiced in the study area in view of the economic and public health importance.

10

Authors: John Cassius Moreki, Kennedy Mpho and Freddy Manyeula

This study was conducted to provide information on rabbit production in 20 operations in the City of Gaborone, Botswana. Data were collected from individual rabbit breeders and educational institutions (5) using a structured questionnaire and through direct observation. Rabbit farming in Botswana is only carried out at subsistence level. Results showed that 55% of male respondents were involved in rabbit production compared to 45% for females. Rabbits were kept mainly as a source of meat for families, income generation and educational purposes. Fifty percent of the rabbit stock was sourced from local breeders, 25% from South Africa and the remainder from local breeders and other countries. The predominant rabbit breeds reared were Californian (60%) and New Zealand (60%) followed by Chinchilla, Dutch and Rex with 20% each. Ninety percent of the breeders kept rabbits in cages while 3% confined them at night and let them out during the day to scavenge for feed. Fifteen percent of the respondents fed commercial rabbit pellets, 5% vegetables only while 80% fed both rabbit pellets and vegetables. The number of rabbits kept by an individual breeder ranged from 7 to 140 with mean stock size of 20.85±13.21. Litter size per doe ranged from 6 to 10 kits with 5 to 6 litters per year. Rabbits were marketed at 8 to 12 weeks of age and each rabbit was sold for Botswana Pula (BWP)150 to 250 (equivalent to USD14.30 to USD23.80). On average the ratio of a breeding buck to doe was 1:5.4 (1:1 to 1:10). The major challenges in rabbit production were lack of feed resources, lack of research support, inadequate breeding stock and lack of technical support from Government extension services. These results suggest that rabbit production has the potential to contribute to food and nutrition security and poverty alleviation.