ACTA HISTORICA NEOSOLIENSIA

6-37

Authors: MAXIM MORDOVIN

In 2011 there was a second occasion for archaeological investigation on the territory of the former royal castle at Hont. (The first one, led by Gyula Nováki and Zsuzsa Miklós took place in 1972.) During these excavations a new section o f the earth-timber ramparts has been uncovered. The only 1 m thick earthwork was built on an artificial terrace cut into the slope o f the peninsula. This was a rampart c onstructed o f a single row o f 1,8 m long, closed “cases”. Long tapering beams locked between the cases and knocked into the slope stabilised the fortification. According to its structure and size there are no known analogies nor in the Carpathian-Basin, nor in the surrounding East-Central Europe (Bohemia, Poland, eastern Slavic territories). The destruction debris slipped above the remains of the rampart after its demolition contained very characteristic medieval pottery datable to the 10-11th C. The fragments with the ornament made using cog-wheel narrowed the dating to the 11th C. The dendrochronological analyse of the samples taken from the surprisingly well preserved trees had yet no results since the section of the dendrochronological sequence for this period and this region is incomplete.

55-69

Authors: BERNADETA OTTMÁROVÁ

Michal Žilinský was a representative of Hungarian historiography and political scene during the dualistic period in the Hungarian imperium. Originally he was a lowland Slovakian who adhered dual identity – Hungarian and in certain lifelong situations Slovakian. He wrote his historical works, propagative works and textbooks in Hungarian language. He was a member of Matica slovenská, but his name is rather connected with the creation of Hungarian-Regional Slovak Educational Alliance in Budapest. As a historian he was a member of several associations, including Hungarian Academy of Science. After pedagogical working at a grammar school in S arvaš he had become a deputy of The Liberal Party, main lord lieutenant at first in Čongrád and later in the Zvolen county. His c areer c ulminated in the status as a state clerk of the ministry of culture. Moreover he was a significant functionary of evangelical church in Hungarian imperium (evangelical church´s general supervisor). Basic points of analyse were all above: his social and political life, his activities between official Hungarian politics of dualistic period and Slovakian´s nationally emancipatory attitudes. Essential contribution of this work is an extended heuristic basis, which provides detachment of reached conclusions in bigger certainty.

88-106

Authors: JIŘÍ KNAPÍK

Changes in education in Czechoslovakia after 1948 also brought about the efforts to organize as many activities for children outside school hours. The concept of non-formal school education began to develop, influenced by the Soviet model. Non-formal education to attain the objectives of socialist education and included mainly organized recreational activities of children in the hobby groups, assistance in preparation for teaching. Nonformal school education provided, as well as social organizations and institutions, particularly the Pioneer organization ČSM. The so-called non-class activities as part of non-formal school education has been the domain of only the school, referring to her systematic educational activity for children in schools outside their own teaching, that breaks at the time of boarding school, during school excursions and trips. In non-class activities children were also included correspondence, collection of medicinal plants and waste materials, home reading etc. The state supported the concept of non-formal education by building a network equipment (school clubs, school with all-day care), and through it also tried to modify the educational role of parents. At the end o f the 60th years, however, began to educators and psychologists criticize efforts to organize leisure activities for children and vice versa asked to supplement the socialist c oncept o f education o f c hildren o f spontaneous activity.

123-144

Authors: EDUARD NEUPAUER

The c hapter attends to B yzantine medieval monkhood and its ascetic praxis, primarly in the framework of development and historical context including a little consideration of specificly theological questions of ascetic praxis and the monasticism. In basic points it presents the s urvey of monastic praxis in Byzantiumc. of 1000 years of its history. This entry is focused to the most important moments o f the history o f monkhood, concretely on those, who express vigorously the difference between Byzantine monasticism and monastic praxis and life in the medieval European continental culture. Beside the workaday and juridic questions this chapter's marginally noticing the theological essence of the phenomenon in its development, i.e. theological conception of ascetism in Byzantium from the time period of S t. Basil the Great through the mysticism represented by Ven. Simeon the New Theologist to the theological syntheses of ascetism by St. Gregor of Palama, i.e. the Palamism and Hesychasm of the 14th century. In this direction the entry has primarly synthesizing character and it doesn't writes out the sketched subject matter. Also is important to note, that the whole context of historical – theological development, in a framework of secular historiography, doctrinal history and monasticism in its v ariety (how the m onkhood is certainly presented in Byzantium) with the overlap to Slavic cultural environment via Byzantine mission, isn't comprehensively elaborated in our environment yet.

160-169

Authors: ALEXANDR ARVELODOVIČ ČERKASOV

Russian and foreign historiography includes reference to several rescue attempts of the Tzar family dating back to late summer of 1917 till July 1918. Involved individuals: monarchists – officers. T he key issues that arose during the implementation of the rescue plan were i nsufficient f inancial r esources. None of these attempts w ere successful. The presented study describes less-known facts on the rescue attempt of the Tzar family financed by the Party of Socialists Revolutionaries (the SRs, or Esers). The study is based o n memoirs (literature of white emigration), archival material (the State Archive of the Russian Federation) and historiographical material (Russian and foreign historiography). Thematic, chronological, system, historical and c omparative methods were applied in this study.

193-199

Authors: VIACHESLAU MENKOUSKI

Podľa medzinárodných štatistík v roku 2012 bolo na svete viac než 10 miliónov utečencov. Z tohto počtu takmer 2,7 milióna pripadalo na Afganistan. Krajina situovaná v centrálnej Ázii je v dôsledku aktuálnej spoločensko-politickej a militantnej situácie neustále konfrontovaná s problémom narastajúceho počtu utečencov. Už v roku 2011 bolo nútených hľadať azyl v okolitých krajinách o 34% viac Afgancov než v roku 2010. Väčšina z nich sa prechodne usídlila v štátoch Tadžikistan a Kazachstan, kde boli aj oficiálne zaregistrovaní. Masové vysťahovalectvo z Afganistanu začalo v roku 1980. Udialo sa tak takmer okamžite po sovietskej invázii do krajiny. Po skončení afgansko-sovietskej vojny podnietil pokračovanie vysťahovalectva v deväťdesiatych rokoch postupný nástup radikálnej organizácie Taliban. Rozdelení do niekoľkých vysťahovaleckých vĺn zamierili občania Afganistanu práve do Ruska. Sprievodným javom prisťahovalectva z Afganistanu do tejto krajiny sa preto musel stať rozvoj azylového a humanitárneho systému. V dnešnej dobe však napriek tomu neexistuje exaktná odpoveď koľko utečencov z Afganistanu v Ruskej federácii žije. Problematickou zložkou uvedeného problému sa stalo aj to, že európske a americké štáty zredukovali vládne programy podporujúce prijímanie utečencov z Afganistanu. Vedie to k dezilúzii množstva utečencov, ktorí z ekonomických príčin túžia po príchode do niektorého zo štátov západnej pologule. Ich návrat do vlasti je totiž závislý od stabilizácie pomerov v Afganistane.

205-223

Authors: PAVOL MALINIAK

E caudatum ponechávame podľa ortografie v súčasnom odpise.

275-278

Authors: IMRICH NAGY

Vivat Mathias Belius! – Nech žije Matej Bel!

285-296

Authors: PATRIK KUNEC

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323-373

Authors: KAROL KRPALA

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379-383

Authors: Pavol Maliniak

Recenzie

388-392

Authors: Soňa Polónyová

Recenzie

396-398

Authors: Milada Jakubecová

Recenzie

401-404

Authors: Imrich Nagy

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