Forestry Ideas

23-36

Authors: Konstantin Zavyalov, Sergey Menshikov, Pavel Mohnachev, Nadezda Kuzmina, Anton Potapenko, and Sezgin Ayan

Deforestation due to air pollution is a serious problem in industrial sites. Aim of this study was to evaluate the impact of magnesite dust on growth of Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris L.), Sukachyov’s larch (Larix sukaczewii Dylis; Syn. Larix sibirica Ledeb.) and Silver birch (Betula pendula Roth) planted in soil plots between 1980 and 1983 in Satkinsky District, Chelyabinsk. The trees in zones of moderate and low pollution survived, while those in strongly polluted zones died with the exception of Silver birch in soils ameliorated with 12 cm thick peat layer. However, in the zone of strong pollution, coniferous species treated with only 2 cm thick peat layer and weak sulphuric acid solution, grew better than the Silver birch. Twelve centimetres of peat layers could mitigate dust impact on Silver birch, while their 2 cm thickness was not adequate. The dust pollution hit the plants at strongly polluted sites more severely than those at sites with moderate and low pollution. Silver birch and Scots pine trees were more severely impacted by dust pollution compared to Sukachyov’s larch trees. Soil remediation is needed in strongly affected areas. While soil remediation is not needed at moderately and low affected sites, these sites should be monitored to avoid their degradation

51-72

Authors: Oksana Tarnopilska, Sergiy Musienko, Oleksandr Lyalin, Ludmila Tkach, and Vira Babenko

The effect of selective and combination (row + selective) thinning of varying intensities on mensuration characteristics, differentiation, and productivity of middle-aged plantations of Scots pine was studied in southern Forest-Steppe in Ukraine. The experiment on thinning by combination method in planted Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris L.) stands was established in 1967 in 16-year-old pine plantations. The plantations were created in 1950 by one-year seedlings with 1.5 × 0.7 m spacing. The initial density of the stands was 9.5 thousand stems per ha. The experiment included five variants of different thinning regimes: selective thinning of moderate intensity; combination thinning with removal of every 4th row; combination thinning with removal of every 3rd row; combination thinning with removal of every 2nd row; combination thinning with removal of every 4th row at 16 years followed by combination thinning of middle rows at the age of 23. Thereafter, up to 40 years of age, the plantations were thinned twice using selective thinning from below of low and moderate intensity – 24 % by the growing stock volume. During the thinning, the plantations were kept to a specified density. 64-years-old planted Scots pine stands with a density of about 650 stems∙ha-1, in which thinning was carried out by selective method of moderate intensity and by combination (row+ select thinning) method of moderate and high intensities (with complete removal of trees in every 2nd, or 3rd, or 4th row) at the age of 17 and the subsequent selective thinning of moderate intensity, are scarcely different in mensuration characteristics. The best method was the combination thinning with the removal of each 3rd or 4th row; the method can be recommended for practice, given the high mensuration characteristics, productivity, and resistance of the thinned stands against a physical load.

85-100

Authors: Nadiia Gatalska

The purpose of the research is to identify the specific features and patterns in the formation of the communicational and informational structure of the park environment as an aesthetic object of anthropogenic origin, which provides a connection in space-time continuum between its formation and perception subjects. As a result of analytical researches of scientific sources of literature, it is revealed that an important general aspect of natural landscape perception, as well as urban and park landscape perception as an aesthetic object, is multisensory (perception is due to all senses), which is fundamentally different from works of art that are calculated on the visual sphere of perception (works of fine art) or hearing (music). Along with the multisensority of the perception, park landscape, as a rule, is impossible to reach immediately, perception occurs as a series of landscapes. It is revealed that the main factors limiting the formation and the perception of the park landscape as a communicative-informational aesthetic object is the time that affects the variability of the material forms of the object on one hand and the aesthetic experience of the person – on the other. Such circumstances determine the logical changes in the information- value function of the landscape in the structure of the object-subjective relations of the park environment-man system. On the basis of the results of the analysis of scientific works aimed at studying the aesthetics of the landscape, a model of subject-object relations of man and a park environment as a unified system was developed.