SAPIENTIAE

87-109

Authors: Edgar Alfonso Sansores Guerrero y Susan A. McCartney

This research aims to characterize small businesses that survived (crisis 2008) in the City of Buffalo, New York, United States of America. According to the literature on the subject, the main authors cited are Chrisman et al (1999), Dahlqvist et al (2000), Fotopoulous and Louri (2000), Fritsch et al. (2006), Hannan and Freeman (1977) Littunen et al (1998), Lussier and Pfeifer (2001), Lussier (1996), Reid (1999), Van Praag (2003). The methodology used is of an explanatory type and the clustering technique (cluster) was used as an analysis tool, which allowed to determine the characteristics of the companies that survived. For information collection, a structured questionnaire was applied to 56 small enterprises established in the city of Buffalo, New York, during the period from July 2014 to November 2015. The results show that there are two groups of small surviving companies: A) the first one is made up of businesses that are characterized by a management model and an information system that allow the generation of reports (Financial Statements, Inventories, Customer Analysis, among others) for decision making and b) the second, it integrates commercial establishments that have a business strategy based on their comparative advantages and innovation in their management systems.

127-147

Authors: Adán Guillermo Ramírez García, Mario Alberto Camiro Pérez, Cesar Adrian Ramírez Miranda y Anastasio Espejel García

The Millennium Development Goals to reduce raised 400 million people the incidence of hunger by 2015; However, despite the universal recognition of the right to food, the report 2013 FAO's State of Food and Agriculture shows that 868 million people, equivalent to 12.5% of the world population, are subordinated in terms of dietary energy consumption and 2 billion people suffer from micronutrient deficiencies. In the case of Mexico, in maize it imported nearly 11 million tons, and beef import 40% of apparent consumption, although export nearly 2 million calves to the US. In this context, this research is justified by the fact that to date there is no systematic survey of the different strategies that are following the actors in the agro-food networks. In this case the network analysis value of wheat in Sonora, as a form of study of agrifood chains in Mexico is presented, allowing an approach and understanding of the structure and dynamics of this crop under an environment of economy Free market. The importance is observed at state and national levels for wheat, especially because in recent decades the production of durum wheat is aimed at export and in the pig sector as part of balanced meals.