Medical perspectives (Medicni perspektivi)

7-9

Authors: Azarenko V.Ye., Potabashniy V.A., Fesenko V.I., Kniazieva O.V.

Heart failure is a complex clinical syndrome with multiple interactions between the myocardium and the brain. These bidirectional interactions are characterized by pathophysiological features that determine the clinical picture, including the presence of cognitive impairment. The study showed that the degree of cognitive impairment depends on the severity of heart failure and correlates with the magnitude of the left ventricular ejection fraction.

15-18

Authors: Kuznetsova M.A.

In connection with the significant increase in complications, developing in young people with mitral valve prolapse (MVP), the study of phenotypic signs and peculiarities of the formation of this pathology is topical. A survey of 135 young people aged 17-25 years with mitral valve prolapse was conducted. The patients were examined by specialist-doctors: neuropathologist, otorhinolaryngologist, surgeon, traumatologist and oculist to exclude organic pathology; the distribution of phenotypic signs of connective tissue dysplasia depending on degree of MVP was evaluated. It was established that in young people with MVP of 2nd degree external and visceral manifestations of connective tissue dysplasia occur significantly more often than in persons with MVP of 1 degree.

25-32

Authors: Muhammad Muhammad

Despite the advances in the treatment of chronic heart failure (CHF) the mortality of patients remains high. Development of renal dysfunction is one of the most common conditions comorbid with CHF. Atrial fibrillation (AF) is the most frequent arrhythmia in clinical practice, the prevalence of which is increasing. The risk factors and mechanisms of AF development and renal dysfunction largely coincide. The markers of early renal damage in patients with CHF and AF are presented and analyzed. The data suggest that the degree of tubular damages assessed by β-2-microglobulin level in blood serum and AU is not always correlate with changes of GFR, but has significant variability.

36-41

Authors: Pertseva T.A., Koval D.S.

The aim of our research was to study the dynamics of the level of SAA in COPD patients in the stable phase of the pathological process against the background of basic therapy. We studied 37 stable COPD patients with II-IV degree of ventilation violations according to the GOLD classification, distributed in two subgroups depending on the adequacy of taking basic therapy. Stable COPD patients, irrespective of the severity of the course of the disease in conditions of inadequate treatment have greater symptom severity, the number of exacerbations over the past year and the level of SAA than patients taking long-term therapy according to COPD severity. Taking therapy corresponding to the severity of the disease within three months by COPD patients helps to reduce the severity of COPD symptoms to the level of these indicators in patients taking adequate therapy for a longer period of time. Treatment of COPD patients which corresponds to the severity of the disease within three months contributes to a significant reduction of SAA level.

46-50

Authors: Potabashniy V.A., Fesenko V.I., Burtniak T.Z.

To date, despite the improved approach to managing patients with AH, control of blood pressure remains unsatisfactory in some categories of patients. This problem is particularly topical in AH combined with COPD depending on the peculiarities of the course and difficulty in their diagnosis. Thanks to the use of 24-hour monitoring method, it is possible to objectify the true blood pressure profile during the day and diagnose AH at a qualitatively new level. In patients with a combination of AH and COPD, there are certain features of the clinical course that can be determined with the use of 24-hour BP monitoring. A direct relationship between the profile of blood pressure, the clinical groups of COPD, as well as the time of its onset regarding hypertension was revealed.

56-63

Authors: Khanyukov О.О., Sapozhnychenko L.V.

Heart failure occupies one of the leading places in the structure of the causes of adult mortality in the world. The issues of timely diagnosis and prognosis of the outcomes of this disease do not lose their relevance due to the high heterogeneity of clinical manifestations and absence of absolutely pathognomonic symptoms. The development of the multimarker diagnostic strategy for management of patients with heart failure is a progressive approach .The review focuses on the synthesis of known evidence data on the role of biomarkers in diagnostics and risk stratification.

69-74

Authors: Kuryata O., Zabida A., Sirenko O.

Epidemiological studies have reported that the rate of signs and symptoms of heart failure after myocardial infarction is approximately 25%. In addition, approximately 40% of myocardial infarctions are accompanied by left ventricular systolic dysfunction. Aim.. Aim of the study is to evaluate serum levels of galactin-3, AGEs and endothelial function, cardiac hemodynamics in post infarction chronic heart failure patients with different ejection fraction. Materials and methods. All patients are divided into two main groups according to ejection fraction:1st group-20 patients with chronic heart failure with preserved ejection fraction, 2nd group-15 patients with chronic heart failure and reduced ejection fraction. Standard laboratory blood tests for erythrocyte sedimentation rate, haematological parameters, lipid profile, glucose, renal function, echocardiographic examination, endothelial function determine were performed for all patients. AGEs and galectin-3 serum levels were determined. Results. Patients with chronic heart failure and reduced ejection fraction and myocardial infarction in anamnesis had significantly increased left ventricle diastolic volume, left ventricle systolic volume,left ventricle diastolic dimension and left ventricle systolic dimension (p<0.05).AGEs serum level mildly increased in both groups.Galectin-3 level was significantly higher in pts with chronic heart failure and reduced ejection fraction(p < 0.05)and was correlated with age(R=0.74, p<0.05), left ventricle end diastolic volume (R=0.57, p<0.05), left ventricle end diastolic dimension (R=0.48, p<0.05), triglycerides level (R=0.45, p < 0.05). Most of the patients with chronic heart failure with myocardial infarction in anamnesis had endothelial dysfunction, the FMD% level was significantly higher in patients with preserved ejection fraction(p<0.05). Conclusions. Patients with chronic heart failure and reduced ejection fraction are characterized by significantly higher levels of galectin-3, endothelial dysfunction frequency, cardiac hemodynamics abnormalities.