Biotechnologia Acta

5-23

Authors: O. M. Klyuchko, L. P. Buchatsky, O. V. Melezhyk

The aim of the work was to develop electronic database of biological organisms (fishes, viruses) on the base of the methods that have been used before in mathematics, engineering, physics. The methods of object-oriented system analysis, construction of models of subject spaces (problem space, solution space), ER-diagrams, of constructing databases and others were applied. The examples of prototypes of modern databases with information about fishes developed over the past years in Western European and American countries were presented. An overview of applied methods, concepts and terminology from the areas of object-oriented system analysis, database designing was disclosed. In conclusions the description of constructed database and practical recommendations for the development of databases with the information about domestic biological organisms for electronic information systems are given.

41-49

Authors: V. Sokolik, O. Berchenko, N. Levicheva, S. Shulga

The aim of the study was to determine the effect of miR-101 on the level of β-amyloid peptide and activation of the cytokine system in the brain regions of animals with an experimental model of Alzheimer’s disease. MiR-101 is the key deactivating operator of mRNA function for the amyloid-β protein precursor. Hence, miR-101 is capable to suppress its synthesis and amyloidogenic processing. Aged male rats were injected intrahippocampally with single-dose unilaterally of β-amyloid peptide 40 aggregates (15 nmol). After 10 days, nasal administration of the liposomal form of miR-101 or empty liposomes was started. After 10 days of therapy, the level of toxic endogenous form β-amyloid peptide 42 and the activity of the cytokine system were determined by the indicators of tumor necrosis factor α, interleukin-6, and interleukin-10 in neocortex, hippocampus and olfactory bulbs. It was found that in rats, aggregates of exogenous β-amyloid peptide 40 model the amyloidogenic and pro-inflammatory situation after 20 days in the neocortex and hippocampus (a significant increase in the concentrations of β-amyloid peptide 42 by 36% and cytokines by 16–18% in the neocortex, and β-amyloid peptide 42 by 27%, proinflammatory cytokines tumor necrosis factor α, interleukin-6 by 14% in the hippocampus), but not in olfactory bulbs. The ten-day course of nasal therapy of liposomal miR-101 normalized the level of β-amyloid peptide 42 and cytokines: in neocortex, the concentration of endogenous toxic β-amyloid peptide 42 decreased by 33%, in the hippocampus by 15%, and concentration of pro-inflammatory cytokines fell by 11–20%. Thus, nasal therapy of miR-101 in liposomes caused a significant anti-amyloidogenic effect in rats with the Alzheimer’s disease model, whereas its anti-inflammatory effect was primarily due to a decrease in β-amyloid peptide 42 concentration.

57-66

Authors: M. Kryvokhyzha1, Y. Libantova2, N. Rashydov

The aim of the work was to estimate the impact of the short wavelengths ultraviolet radiation (wavelength is 230 nm) on Arabidopsis thaliana. The stress response on some key flowering determination genes AP1, GI, LFY, FT, CO, and the repair gene RAD51 expression were investigated. The grown plants were applied by red (610–700 nm), violet (400–450 nm), neutral white (mixture wavelengths 380–750 nm), 20 V and high intensive white light (mixture wavelengths 380–750 nm) 40V LED. The experimental group of plants was irradiated by short wavelengths ultraviolet on ontogenesis stage 5.1 by Boyes classification. The leaf length as growth parameter mark also was analyzed. The short wavelengths ultraviolet influence caused differences in photoperiodic pathway genes expression in plants grown under different illumination. Acceleration flowering phases under influence white intensive illumination and delay ones in case of violet and common white illumination were observed comparing with control groups. It was revealed that cryptochrome and phytochrome formation play an important role in plant development and stress resistance. It enables to understand the best way of plant cultivation in stressful condition.

75-81

Authors: О. Hrytsev, J. Shevchenko, N. Vorobiova, L. Skivka

The aim of the study was to develop rapid and sensitive assay for the simultaneous detection of R. cerealis and R. solani. Pure cultures of fungi were grown on a potato dextrose agar for 5 days at 28 °C, and mycelium was harvested and used for DNA extraction. Total DNA was extracted using a commercial test-systems. Molecular identification of phytopathogenic fungi was performed using a multiplex-touchdown PCR with further electrophoretic separation of amplification products in agarose gel. The specific sequence characterized amplified region primers RtubR4/RtubF4 for R. cerealis and ITS1/GMRS–3 for R. solani were tested for their specificity and useability in PCR multiplex capacity. The specificity of the multiplex-touchdown PCR was tested using DNA from wide range of fungal species and non-target DNA from healthy wheat. The used primer pairs provided only specific fragments for R. cerealis and R.solani. No PCR products were obtained during amplification with the negative control or non-target DNA templates from other species. Coupled to this we have optimized the temperature regime for the multiplex PCR protocol. Taken together, our protocol convincingly demonstrated the simultaneous ability to detect Rhizoctonia cerealis and Rhizoctonia solani and can be used for the diagnosis of compound Rhizoctonia root rot.