Biotechnologia Acta

5-26

Authors: O. M. Klyuchko

The aim of the work was to generalize and analyze the use of electronic information systems in biotechnology in order to create new versions of these systems. The publications concerning the systems of different types for solving the problems in biotechnology were studied. Similar systems which traditionally belong to biology and medicine were classified. The prospects of their application for development of more advanced electronic systems were considered.

47-55

Authors: Ogbuagu Dike Henry, Nwachukwu Ikenna Ndubuisi, Ejike Onyinye Joy

The aim of the research was to utilize biofilms as a model in ecotoxicology to remove selected heavy metals (Cd, Cu, Cr, Zn and Pb) from wastewater in a static condition. Biofilms were grown in three graded concentrations of the metal leachates (0.625, 0.417 and 0.250 %), harvested after 1, 2 and 3 weeks and analyzed for heavy metals. Mean accumulations peaked on Day 21, and of Cd ranged from 0.000 to 0.040 (mean = 0.00837 ± 0.002), Cu from 0.000 to 0.212 (meam = 0.03929 ± 0.012), Cr from 0.000 to 0.500 (mean = 0.05821 ± 0.021), Zn from 0.000 to 1.456 (mean = 0.31833 ± 0.109) and Pb from 0.000 to 0.099 (mean = 0.02129 ± 0.006) mg/g in resultant biofilm formations. Accumulation of the metals increased significantly with time [F(205.59) > Fcrit(3.95)] at the 95% confidence interval. Those of Pb was significantly higher in the 0.625% leachate mixture than control (Sig F = 0.034) at P < 0.05, even as those of Cd and Cu were slightly higher in the concentrations than control. Biofilm model removed small amounts of metals from wastewater stream in static condition.

69-77

Authors: V. Raks, M. Öztürk, O. Vasylchenko, M. Raks

Research aimed to isolate biologically active compounds from mushrooms fruiting bodies of Ganoderma lucidum, Ganoderma adspersum and Ganoderma applanatum and estimate their antioxidant activities. Variety of sample preparation techniques were used to isolate biologically active compounds: solid-liquid, ultrasonic extraction, Soxhlet extractor extractions. Antioxidant properties were estimated with spectrophotometricaly measuring free radical scavenging activity. High performance liquid chromatography was applied to get fingerprints of isolated extracts. In β-carotene-linoleic acid assay, methanol extracts demonstrated mainly the best antioxidant activities: optimum values of half maximal inhibitory concentration (IC50) − for G. applanatum and G. adspersum were 8.25 ± 0.88 µg/ml and 1.70 ± 1.13 µg/ml respectively. However, petroleum ether and chloroform extracts of G. lucidum demonstrated the highler antioxidant activity with an IC50 about 33.66 ± 3.69 µg/ml. Chromatograms of dry components of acetone and methanol extracts of G. lucidum were recorded. The main outcome of such chromatograms is the possibility to compare presence active components in various mushrooms species without usage of expensive standards.

83-88

Authors: Makogonenko S. Yu., Baranov V. I., Ponomarenko S. P.

The aim of study was to investigate the effect of new growth regulators “Stimpo” and “Regoplant”, produced by State Enterprise Interdepartmental Science and Technology Center − ISTC "Agrobiotech", on the proline and free amino acids content, and lipid peroxidation reactions intensity in comperison to the action of gibberellic acid and “Treptolem” (a second-generation growth regulator) in 14 day sunflower sprouts. The plants were cultured on soil substrates made from the coal mine rock waste of the Central Concentrating Factory in the Chervonohrad mining region. It was shown that the free amino acids and proline content increased, and the intensively of lipid peroxidation reactions (evaluated by the content of malonic dialdehyde) decreased. This indicated to the increase of plants resistance to unfavorable conditions of the coal mine rock under the action of the growth regulators studied. One could assump that “Stimpo” and “Regoplant” are promising agents in phytochemical treatment of coal mine rock dumps.