Revista de Administração, Sociedade e Inovação

12

Authors: Maria Cristina Fogliatti de Sinay, Sabrina Diogenes de Carvalho, Iluska Lobo Braga

After the repercussions of the negative environmental impacts caused by the installation, operation and maintenance of projects, international funding agencies recommended the organizations to present studies related to Environmental Impact Assessment for their funding requests. The Brazilian environmental licensing process was established, obliging enterprises to present those studies to be in conditions to work. In addition to these, and as a basis for achieving sustainability, several enterprisers are adopting environmental management systems based on three fundamental elements: (a) division of the enterprise into homogeneous sectors, (b) description of the activities carried out in each sector, and (c) their association with negative passible impacts. These elements constitute a preliminary Environmental Management System to be completed with mitigating measures, quality programs and contingency plans. The purpose of this study, of a theoretical and descriptive nature based on documentary analysis, consists in presenting the elements (a), (b) and (c) before mentioned for the Brazilian port sector. This study allowed concluding that the feasibility of environmental management in the ports was, and still is, a challenge, due to the complexity and importance of the sector and to the fact that the environmental variable was later incorporated, making the subject more delicate to be treated.

16

Authors: Fernando González Laxe, María Jesús Freire Seoane, Carlos País Montes

The paper analyzesindicators for port environmental performance in Spain. The different stages involved in their development and implementation are assessed under the newlegal framework. Indicators and sub-indicators corresponding to the economic, social, institutional and environmental dimension are also tackled. Finally, these indicators become an excellent tool to monitor public sustainable policies as well as a brand image of port systems and even Port Authorities.

21

Authors: Cassia Bomer Galvao, Alessio Tei, Sophia Everett, Leo Tadeu Robles, Claudio Ferrari, Luciana Guerise, Ross Robinson

National governments in different trade and shipping environments often face a number of common critical issues in port systems but government policies, processes and associated regulation may differ significantly. Why is it so? Ports are essential elements in trade oriented supply chains and during the past thirty years have undergone widespread reform globally. This has resulted in a deregulated market generally associated with denationalisation, privatisation or corporatisation programs, which aimed, inter alia, to increase efficiency; to attract additional investments, from the private sector; and to smooth land/port interfaces developing integrated supply chains. The port reform issue has attracted significant research globally with a focus generally on particular countries or regions. There has been less emphasis comparing countries in different contexts. This paper seeks to fill this gap and compares the main features of reform, government policy and regulation in three national jurisdictions: Australia, Brazil and Italy. It highlights differences, similarities and common aspects: full or partial privatisation, the landlord port model and regulatory regimes enacted. It examines the degree of private sector involvement; government intermediation roles and regulation in an increasingly deregulated market. It concludes that port privatisation policy remains, regrettably but not surprisingly, an intensively divisive and deeply political and politicised issue.