Vestnik of Vitebsk State Technological University

17-26

Authors: Veronika Marchenko, Dzmitry Ryklin

Reducing the electrifiability of fabrics for the special clothing manufacture is an urgent task. One way to reduce the specific surface electrical resistance of fabrics is to introduce into their structure antistatic yarns containing metal fibers. Under operating conditions, overalls are subjected to various influences, such as washing. After repeated washes, clothing may lose its original protective properties, which may put the life and health of the worker at risk. The aim of the research is to determine the change in the fabrics antistatic properties for overalls after repeated washings. During the study, the specific surface electrical resistance of two fabric samples with different arrangements of antistatic yarns was determined with an investment of 10 % Bekinox steel fiber before and after washing cycles. As a result of 20 washes, the studied fabric samples are characterized by a low value of the specific surface electrical resistance, which allows us to consider them antistatic. Based on the application of the Mann-Whitney criterion, it was found that the change in antistatic properties after each subsequent washing is statistically insignificant, however, there is an accumulation of minor changes in properties, as a result of which the specific surface resistance of fabrics increases almost monotonously. The results will make it possible to predict the change in antistatic properties during the use of workwear.

38-49

Authors: Anastasia Radyuk, Alexander Burkin, Victor Shapovalov, Sergey Zotov, Aliona Timofeenko

Currently, the processing of waste materials based on various wood fillers and thermoplastic polymers is considered to be an effective direction for producing new composite materials with a certain complex of properties. The aim of the study is to determine the possibility of using pulverized wood waste (wood dust) as a filler in polyurethane base for creating materials for shoe soles. The article describes the technology of producing granulate and materials, presents various formulation compositions for materials used for shoe soles manufacturing. Composite materials containing wood dust in the amount of 1–5.0 wt.% as a filler were produced, physical and mechanical properties were investigated and SEM data of the samples' shearing were presented. Addition of the filler allows to use rationally the wastes of sawing and milling, to cheapen considerably the composition, to receive acceptable strength characteristics at maximum filling. Using the wastes of various productions for making new products, it is possible to partially reduce environmental pollution and increase the utilization rate of expensive raw materials which are not produced in Belarus.

59-68

Authors: Ivan Tsimanov, Vyacheslav Sergeyev, Aliaksandr Hrachanikau

Protection of concrete and reinforced concrete structures against corrosion is an important and urgent problem, the solution of which is aimed at increasing the service life of structures and structures of various purposes. The purpose of this article is to study corrosion of concrete paving tiles as a result of the effect on it of an aggressive aquatic environment. The solution of alkali (NaOH) (Type I corrosion) was selected as the aggressive component and was replaced periodically (after 2, 7 and 14 days). The results of the investigation of the corrosion process Type I of paving tiles allowed to determine the main kinetic dependencies of corrosion processes and corrosion rate. Based on the obtained dependencies, it is determined that the diffusion kinetic corrosion area for concrete paving tiles occurs after 7 days. After 14 days, there will be a diffusion corrosion area. The fracture depth of the pavement concrete at the time of the end of the test (0.017 cm) and the predicted fracture depth for the life of the product (0.18 cm) have been calculated. As a result of experimental studies, it has been determined that the quality assessment of the product can be carried out not only on physical and mechanical properties, but also on durability and anti-corrosion properties. The appropriateness of different protection measures, the variation of components of the mixture composition in the manufacture of tiles and their effectiveness can be assessed by comparing the corrosion rate and the fracture depth of protected and unprotected concrete.

82-94

Authors: Iryna Kalinouskaya

The issues of informatization and development of the digital economy in the Republic of Belarus are of particular interest to the state, legal entities and individuals. Belarus is actively developing a regulatory framework for the development of the digital economy, introducing modern digital technologies in all sectors of the economy, increasing the level of digital literacy among people. Digitalization is an important component of economic development, improving the quality of life and the efficiency of public administration. The purpose of the research was to make a picture of the level of digitalization of the Republic of Belarus and its regions using national and international evaluation criteria and rating determination. The methodological basis of the study was a general scientific, systematic and integrated approach, methods of analysis, synthesis, comparative and economic-statistical analysis. The information base of the study includes materials from the National Statistical Committee, data from the Hi-Tech Park and the results of international studies on the establishment of digitalization ratings of states. It is determined that the Republic of Belarus belongs to a promising group of countries in terms of the level of digital transformation of the economy, and its position on the main international indicators in the field of digitalization of the economy is defined as average. Minsk, the Minsk region and the Gomel region are singled out as the regions with the highest level of digitalization.

109-127

Authors: Vladislav Mironchik, Alena Vankevich

The purpose of the article is to develop theoretical approaches and practical recommendations for the organization of the functioning of university technoparks to increase their contribution to the development of youth entrepreneurship at the regional level. The analysis of theoretical approaches to the organization of technoparks allowed us to identify their main goals (promoting economic growth through the development of innovative entrepreneurship) and tasks. On the basis of generalization and systematization of positive foreign experience in the creation and development of technoparks, four organizational models of technoparks (American, European, Japanese, Chinese) are identified, the differences of which consist in determining the main element in the creation of a technopark (university, priority industry or region), which forms the directions of its development and support measures. It is proved that technoparks have a positive impact on the development of entrepreneurship and economic growth. Based on empirical data from the EU-27 countries for 2015–2022 a statistically significant, strong, directly proportional relationship between the dynamics of GDP and the development of entrepreneurship and the startup movement was revealed, which confirmed the author's hypothesis about the positive impact of entrepreneurship on GDP growth rates. The analysis of the development of technoparks in the Republic of Belarus allowed us to identify two organizational models – technoparks created by regional government bodies and university technoparks. Based on the author's expert survey of young people, the potential for the development of youth entrepreneurship in the region has been determined, priority activities (services, advertising), areas of support and existing barriers have been identified. It is shown that university technoparks are an effective tool for the development of youth innovative entrepreneurship in the region, but their functioning requires joint efforts of the government, regional authorities and the university. In the Republic of Belarus, local authorities assist in the development of only those technoparks whose founders are regional government bodies. At the same time, university technoparks practically do not have any additional benefits. Therefore, the commercialization of scientific developments of the university is carried out only by the efforts of the university itself. Practical recommendations are proposed to improve the conditions of economic activity and promote the sustainable financial and economic condition of university technoparks in Belarus (introduction of additional benefits and reduction of tariffs for electricity and heat, changes in the distribution of income from sublease, adoption of a program to stimulate researchers to carry out innovative activities).