Vestnik of Vitebsk State Technological University

14-23

Authors: Kalina Pashkevich

The paper summarizes the results of the researche of sections of sewing articles from different fabrics at the level of waist line in the system «model-clothes» by a photometric method for the determination of influence of properties of fabrics on the parameters of formation of volume-silhouette form of clothes. Experimentally, according to the standardized methods, the main physical and mechanical characteristics of fabrics of the suiting group were identified. The models of women’s jackets of direct silhouette are made from these fabrics. The analysis of sizes of air-gaps in the different areas of horizontal section of the system «model-clothes» at the level of waist line is executed, and the percent distributing of increase on waist line between the areas of shelf, armhole and back of women`s shoulder clothing of direct silhouette is defined. Character of distributing of increase at the level of waist line in the articles of direct silhouette depending on physical and mechanical characteristics of fabrics of suit group is determined and recommendation in relation to the percent distributing of increase on the waist line is given. It can be used for visualization of sewing articles in the 3D CAD programs.

32-38

Authors: Kazarnovskaja Galina, Mandrik Aliona

The aim of this work is to design and develop the tapestry that is based on the idea of Slutsk belt. For this purpose the artistic and compositional features of its prototype have been fully characterized, the stylization of flower motif that provides the basic for sketches has been developed. Due to the created software product that allows designing models of interlacing for multiweft tapestry the process of modeling of interlacing effect is fully computerized. The software helps to reduce time for production start-up of new kinds of fabrics due to fast design of interlacing and simple coloration of the samples performed by the machine. The abovementioned design contributes to fast placing of textile products on the market.

47-54

Authors: Zimina Аlena, Kogan Alexander, Olshanskiy Valeriy

The quality of nonwovens produced by wet pressing technology is determined by the properties of the fibrous waste. The defining feature is the length. The fibers are non-uniform in length. So they must be prepared for the recycling. The parameters of the equipment for cutting of textile waste are determined. The length of cutting length depends on the speed rate of the material in the cutting area and the speed of rotation of the rotor. The optimum length of fibers should be between 1 and 6 mm, therefore, the recommended operating parameters of the cutting tool are: the value of the rotor in the sleeve gap 0,02—0,04 mm; rotor speed 1600—3000 min^-1; flow rate 5—13 m/min.

61-66

Authors: Yasinskaya Natallia, Skobova Natallia

The results of experimental researches of the influence of microwave exposure while dyeing wool on the degree of fixation of active dyes and tenacity of the yarn after dyeing are presented. The intensifying effect of electromagnetic waves on the microwave dyeing of wool fibers by periodic process was defined. The aim of the research was the study of technology of wool fibers dyeing by the MICROWAVE waves. The comparative analysis of the results of dyeing by the classical technology and with the influence of MICROWAVE exposure was carried out. Classical technology allows achieving a high degree of dye fixation on the fiber, but the full technological cycle has a high duration. Using waves with super-high frequency with the power of 600 watts for 4—5 minutes while colouring wool fiber allows achieving a high degree of fixation of dye on the fiber while reducing the overall length of the process.

74-83

Authors: Matveika Mikalai, Sadovski Viktor

The content of Zn, Cd, Pb, Cu and Hg in samples of 8 firm liquid laundry soap was determined by the stripping voltametry method. It was established that in the studied samples of laundry soap the content of Zn is the most (68—95 mg/kg), and the content of Cd is the least (0,02—0,10 mg/kg). The content of Pb is 18—50 times less than the Zn content. The content of Hg in the laundry soap samples ranges from 0,12 to 4,93 mg/kg.

91-96

Authors: Sheleg Valerij, Kauchur Andrey, Denisenko Sergei

The identification of regularities for maximum extraction of metal powders at the lowest cost of precipitating reagent from electroplating waste is conducted in the article. The experiments were aimed at identifying of the optimum deposition parameters, allowing to obtain the maximum yield of carbonates of nickel and copper with the greatest speed. It was revealed that the greatest mass of sludge was observed at concentrations of the solution of precipitating reagent containing 40 – 100 g/l. The processing of the experimental data with the package «STATISTICA for WINDOWS» was conducted, the regression model was calculated and the graphic interpretation of the data was carried out. The method for producing metal powder from carbonates and hydroxy-carbonate was considered. The polymetallic composite material containing 81,2 % copper, 8,5 % nickel and 10,3 % zinc. was obtained. The filtrate remaining after the separation of heavy metals is environmental hazard and suitable for further use in construction.

106-112

Authors: Ivanenko Irina, Yakovenko Nataliya

In this research meat products subcomplex development trends in Russia in conditions of global threats and challenges are investigated. Meat and meat products consumption and production dynamics and structure analysis led to the conclusion, that despite the self-sufficiency increase in meat products, significant differentiation of subcomplex sectors development is saved, as well as the high level of import capacity at intermediate stages of production. A cross-sectoral approach to substantiate the subcomplex development strategy oriented on import substitution and food security of the country is proposed. State support measures should be aimed at the transformation of the crisis sectors and industries based on new technologies, the implementation of resource-saving and advanced technologies, investment support of «growth points» in the chain of added value formation, leveling of disproportions in development of the industry.

125-133

Authors: Pavlov Konstantin

The level of labor resources in the system of social production in different regions of Russia is very much different. So, many industries in regions of Far North and the Far East of the country in case of socialism and in the market relations still continue to have as before deficiency of a labor power. In this regard, it is highly important the implementation of socio-economic evaluation of the effectiveness of labor-saving direction of the intensification of production taking into account regional differences in labor resources. One of the most important indicators of labor-saving direction of the intensification of production is the ratio of labor productivity growth to the increase in the capital-labor ratio. However, it would be wrong for any value of saving their own labor to justify the growth of capital-labor ratio and fondamenti products. This raises important economic problem of the optimal ratio between capital-labor and growth of productivity at the expense of production technical equipment. In light of limited resources, ceteris paribus, the problem of prioritizing the most effective new techniques depending on the extent of territorial labor resources is critical. For such technology policy is to promote development in the industry, at least as part of the information base, regulatory factors determining the economic efficiency of fixed assets commissioning, which would take account of the level of labor resources in different regions of the country. Especially it is urgent for extreme regions of Far North and the Far East.

145-155

Authors: Pavlovskaya Svetlana, Shavruk Yuliya

The directions of state support of joint activities of the member countries of EAEC on the creation of high technology and the subsequent export of high technology products with taking into account international experience are offered in the article. Substantiated complex system of tax incentives to business entities involved or planning to participate in the transfer of innovations within the EEA; the possibility of the EurAsEC Center of innovative technologies for the placement of state orders; creation of a common legal framework for innovation, including the improvement of legislation in the field of protection of intellectual property rights of the member countries of EAEC. The article focuses on the role of international strategic alliances in efforts to create a high-tech and export of high-tech products in the framework of integration associations. The implementation of the proposed areas in general will help to increase the positive economic effect of the integration of Belarus and to the EAEC.

163-174

Authors: Prusov Stanislav, Safronov Dmitriy

The main reason motivating the consideration of the article subject consists in difficulty to estimate the work efficiency of the auxiliary divisions by means of standard efficiency factors as the most of these divisions carry out orders mainly for own needs of the organizations and according to the cost of these orders in intra-economic turnover is transferred at prime cost. The improvement of the efficiency review technique of the auxiliary repair divisions of different organizations (on the example of the RUE «Vitebskenergo ») is described in the article. The aim of this article is development of the transformed methodical methods and approaches to the efficiency review of the auxiliary repair divisions by setting and performance assessment of the main criteria with a corresponding creation of the staff motivation system in these divisions. Consideration of the put problem has led to the next results: 1. The main planning stages and performance appraisal of the auxiliary divisions that have been put into practice are defined. 2. The development of the transformed efficiency assessment technique of the auxiliary divisions by method of a linear program and target planning has been made. 3. The approbation of this method has been implemented on the example of the centralized equipment repair shop in the branch Vitebsk electricity networks of the RUE «Vitebskenergo». The results of this research can be applied in the organizations having a significant amount of branches and auxiliary divisions for the efficiency evaluation of their work, the staff motivation in these divisions, and they can also form a basis for further researches as regards the development of normative rates of the ponderability of an evaluation integrated indicator and its criteria for different types of auxiliary divisions.