Annals of Spiru Haret University. Economic Series

12

Authors: Ali HUSEYNOV

The purpose of this paper is to examine the relationship between wage levels and economic convergence in developing countries. Although the topic was approached from a broader perspective at the beginning of the article, more specific factors were mentioned in the continuation. Here, the economic growth in many countries of the world, the rate of salary level, changes in the level of welfare of the population, and the economic convergence trends of those countries are examined. Although Azerbaijan was chosen as the main research object to analyze the issue more concretely, as mentioned above, the general aspects of the developing countries of the world are studied. This will lead to a comparison of the experience of Azerbaijan and the world in this field and, as a result, a more accurate analysis. The article talks about the factors that have a greater influence on the salary levels and economic convergences of developing countries. Analyses are made, results are obtained and recommendations are made. This article contains useful information about the economy of Azerbaijan and other countries of the world for those studying this topic.

15

Authors: Halima HUSEYNOVA

This insight paper examines the relationship between foreign direct investment (FDI) and economic development in developing countries. The paper begins with an introduction that provides a brief overview of the research topic. The research methodology is then discussed, followed by an exploration of the theoretical approaches to FDI and economic development. Case studies of FDI in developing countries are presented and analyzed, providing into the impact of FDI on economic development. The analysis section of the paper examines the data collected from the case studies and discusses the findings. Singapore is taken as a case study to measure for better understanding of the impact of FDI on economic development in developing countries. Foreign direct investment and gross domestic product variables were used to measure this relationship. Gross domestic product is dependent and foreign direct investment is independent variable in the study. In conclusion, the paper provides a summary of the key points. The references section provides a list of sources used in the paper.

15

Authors: Laurenția AVRAM, Cristina NAFTANAILA , Viorica BRAGA Robert DRAGOMIR, Daliana TASCOVICI

This paper aims to present the effects of the pandemic on national and international tourism. The first part describes tourism in Romania and Arges county. In addition, tourist sights in these locations were also mentioned. Then we statistically analyzed the evolution of tourism in the European Union, Romania, and Arges county during the period 2017-2021; here we exposed the main trends. To realize the research aim, we focused on literature in the field as well as European and national statistics reports. In the end, we arrived at conclusions.

18

Authors: Nureni Sanusi ALAKA, Sunday Stephen AJEMUNIGBOHUN

Numerous associations today experience authoritative decay sooner or later in their life cycles as a result of both outside and inside factors. Much of the time, associations face decline when they neglect to perceive and adjust to outer and interior tensions that compromise the association's presence. The reaction to such circumstances is quite often a significant amount of work to "turn the organization around". This study seeks to examine the effects of turnaround strategies on organizational performance of Eko Support Service Limited. The researcher used a structured questionnaire to collect data. The population of the study was 400 and a sample of 200 respondents was obtained via the Taro Yamane formula. The data collected were analyzed using descriptive statistics such as simple percentages and the relationship between the variables of the model was tested using linear regression analysis. The study found that there is a positive and significant effectof diversification strategy on market share (R2 = 0.127, at p<0.05) and the F-Value yielded 9.335. The result of hypothesis 2 also indicates a positive significant effect of retrenchment strategy on profitability (R2 = 0.388, at p<0.05) and F-Value yielded 60.793 and lastly, top management re-organization strategy has a significant effect on organizational efficiency (R2 = 0.116, at p<0.05) and F-Value yielded 13.034. The study, therefore, concludes top-level management have significant roles to play indecision-making and conceptual skill regarding turnaround strategies and their applicability. The study recommends that top management re-organization in terms of structure, people, leadership, and organizational culture should be given priority in times of distress as this has proven to be a measure to improve organization efficiency.

19

Authors: Devajit MOHAJAN, Haradhan Kumar MOHAJAN

In this paper sensitivity analysis between Lagrange multipliers and the total budget is discussed. The method of Lagrange multipliers is a very useful and powerful technique in multivariable calculus. In mathematical economics, utility is the vital concept that increases or decreases the overall happiness of consumers. This study tries to discuss the utility maximization policy of an organization by considering two constraints: budget constraint and coupon constraint. In this article, an attempt has been taken to achieve the best result through the application of the scientific method of optimization.

21

Authors: Tudor-Vladimir HRENIUC, Elena GURGU

The motivation for choosing the theme is primarily due to our passion for the ICT field. In this work, we first approached the study and analysis of the national and international ICT market from the last 5 years, then we will refer to the challenges and trends regarding the implementation of ICT solutions in the management of the customer services department, with a case study at the Company AS&ICT Romania . The ICT industry in Romania represents one of the most prosperous economic sectors, registering a turnover of almost 6 billion euros in 2019, representing approximately 5.5% of the country's Gross Domestic Product. In 2020, the IT&C sector had a turnover of 70.3 billion lei and was in the Top 5 economic sectors, along with manufacturing, construction, transport, and storage The purpose of the paper is mainly to follow the evolution of the ICT market on a national and international level in the last 5 years. The objectives pursued in the paper have in mind the establishment of the year-by-year evolution of the national and international ICT market, as well as the impact it generates on the economy and everyday life. The importance of the theme for research and for the business environment consists in the fact that increasingly in recent years the ICT field represents in the business environment an important pillar in the digitization and automation of services. Digitization means a large number of tools that make work more efficient within a company. The novelty of the paper's theme would consist in measuring the impact of the influence of the ICT industry on the perception of everyday life, studying the growth of the national and international ICT industry, as well as its impact on the business environment.

23

Authors: Chiyem Lucky NWANZU, Sunday Samson BABALOLA

The purpose of this study is to examine the effect of cultural intelligence (CI) and workplace friendship (WPF) on the quality of work-life (QWL) of individual workers and to examine whether WPF mediates the relationship between CI and QWL between employees of the same nationality, but of different ethnic groups working in government-owned organisations. A cross-sectional study was conducted among 161 employees using self-report measures. Data analysis was performed using two statistical procedures (the Harman single factor test and the correlation matrix) to assess the presence of a common-method variance (CMV) bias in the data collected for this study. Theoretical propositions and empirical observations offered plausible explanations for WPF's mediating role in the CI-QWL relationship. The present study confirms the reliability and, to some extent, the validity of the measures in a developing economy context. However, this study also builds empirical evidence that age and gender are fewer differentiating factors in employees' work attitudes and behaviour.