IMPACT : International Journal of Research in Engineering & Technology

1-10

Authors: AYOMIDE OLANREWAJU AJAYI

Wireless Mesh Networks (WMNs) have high potential to provide broadband access for rural communities in developing countries. However, existing networking concepts used to build WMNs are not designed to take specifics of these deployment environments into account especially a high degree of the topology variation and bandwidth limitations. Further, equipment deployed has to be very cheap, often battery powered and operated by non-experts all leading to frequent node failures and resulting in availability constraints. Data availability for the outlined scenarios can be improved employing data caching. Topology changes and link outages have far less effect if a cache can provide the data. Users of a rural community tend to access similar data sources and, thus, caching can be highly efficient given the small scale of rural deployments. Recent technology advances also make it possible to include large amounts of storage space (in the form of flash memory) in even cheap network devices as found in rural areas of developing countries. In this paper, we present a data caching strategy for rural WMN deployments in developing countries. Different to many existing strategies we exploit the fact that every node in the network can cache data, and we exploit the wireless nature of the network and use overhearing of transmissions to populate caches. Finally, we present a design for a Distributed Over-heard Object Caching Approach (DOCA) while the future work will evaluate the capability to increase data availability under a typical scenario in developing countries with severe budget constraints

17-20

Authors: P SEKHAR BABU

Tools for gears, crank shafts, rollers, crane shafts etc which require low tensile strength (En Series of tool steels) were subjected to cryogenic treatment. Each type of the above tool was studied in detail about its performance versus the hardened and tempered tools.

29-36

Authors: Abdullahi I. M, Arulogun O. T, Adeyanju I. A & Nuhu B. K

Diabetic retinopathy (DR) is one of the major causes of blindness in the world which is caused by conditions associated with diabetes. Early detection and mass screening are required to reduce the risk of vision loss. Feature extraction and classification techniques reduce the computational complexity and improve the accuracy of classification. Extracting statistical features using Gray Level Co-occurrence Matrix (GLCM) from a high resolution images and large database increases the memory demand of a DR screening system; hence, there is need for reduction of the image resolution for memory reduction. In this paper, we investigated the effect pixel resolution reduction has on the performance of diabetic retinopathy classification and memory reduction. A feedforward back propagation neural network classifier was trained and tested using ten GLCM features extracted from one hundred fundus images with image comprising (fifty normal and fifty proliferative DR) for five different image resolutions (2240*1488, 1120*744, 560*372, 280*186, 140*93). The result shows that a 50% reduction in resolution leads to a 75% reduction in memory and 0% reduction in performance, which means that GLCM features, can be extracted from fundus images with lower image resolutions in lossless format for fast feature extraction without the fear of reduction in classification performance.

45-50

Authors: TABASSUM SAIFI & PRADEEP KUNAR

Image compression is a process to remove the redundant information from the image so that only essential information can be stored to reduce the storage size, transmission bandwidth and transmission time. Recently the JPEG committee has released its new image coding standard, JPEG-2000, which has been based upon DWT. The essential information is extracted by various transforms techniques such that it can be reconstructed without losing quality and information of the image. In this paper a comparative study of image compression is done by three transform methods, which are Discrete Cosine Transform (DCT), Discrete Wavelet Transform (DWT). The discrete Wavelet Transform is one which transform the discrete time signal to discrete wavelet representation. Basically Wavelet coding scheme is used for application where scalability and tolerable degradation are important

61-68

Authors: Rakesh Kumar Sahu & S. P. Mishra

The present research aimed to developed for High Stength Concrete mix design using local materials and method for Normal Strength Concrete. As the trend of high strength concrete increases in all over the world it is strong need to investigate the factor enhancing the compressive strength of concrete at least economical expenditure. To makes economical use of high strength concrete in Chhattisgarh a mix design for high strength concrete was developed. In this research work nine mixes designed and other six mix were selected from directly to different research papers to achieve a compressive strength up to 100 Mpa fifteen mix ratios by weight were selected with 0.30, 0.32, and 0.35 water cement ratio Gelenium 140 Superplasticizer was use to improve the workability of concrete mix. Locally available coarse and Fine aggregate were used with Portland Pozzolana Cement (43 Grade). But low W/C ratio make concrete mixes significantly less workable to compensate for reduced workability the effects of the use of S.P. in concrete for early Strength and loss of workability are highlighted. In compatibility with P.P.C. with respect to dosage are also observed. Finally a glance on overcomes slump problems is deal in the process. In this research work the design mixes developed for High Strength Concrete due to Existing mix design method of Normal Strength Concrete such as Bureau of Indian standard (BIS), Department of Environmental (DOE), and American Concrete Institute (ACI) methods applicable for HSC.