International Journal of Medical Laboratory

162-167

Authors: Elham Rezaee 1,5 M.Sc., Fariba Mohammadi 2 M.Sc., Mohammad Javad Boozhmehrani 3 M.Sc., Parisa Bagheri 4* M.Sc.

Background and Aims: The increasing number of pregnant women being diagnosed as having gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) and lead health care providers to develop reliable screening protocols and know the exact worldwide epidemiology of the disease. This study seeks to obtain data that will help to improve the epidemiologic knowledge about this disease. Materials and Methods: This cross-sectional study was performed on 953 pregnant women seeking routine prenatal screening tests. Participants participate with using Carpenter-Coustan criteria in the study. Statistical analysis was performed using SPSS software. Results and Conclusions: Among 953 pregnant women , 38 participants (4%) were detected to have GDM . Fifty percent of patients in the study were overweight .The data showed a significant difference in the mean age between the diabetic and non-diabetic groups. The high prevalence of GDM in young Iranian pregnant women may emphasize the need for early diagnosis and treatment to avoid adverse outcomes associated with GDM.

180-187

Authors: Mohammad Reza Zolfaghari * Ph.D.

Background and Aims: The prevalence of carbapenemase-producing Pseudomonas aeruginosa (P. aeruginosa) strains has been recently reported worldwide. Therefore, accurate and rapid detection of carbapenemaseproducing isolates is essential. So, this study aimed to detect blaVIM and blaIMP carbapenemase-producing strains using the modified Hodge test (MHT) and reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). Materials and Methods: In this cross-sectional study, P. aeruginosa strains were collected from clinical samples (blood, urine, wound, and other liquids body) in Firoozgar and Shahid Motahari Hospitals in Tehran and Velayat Hospital in Rasht Province, from May to December 2018. After identifying the isolates using the standard microbial tests, carbapenemase-producing strains were isolated by the modified hodge test. After that, the detection of blaVIM and blaIMP genes was performed by RT-PCR technique. Results: One hundred P. aeruginosa were isolated from different clinical samples. Among these, 74 (74%) isolates were considered as carbapenemase positive using MHT. The frequencies of blaVIM and blaIMP genes were obtained as 83% and 11%, respectively. Conclusions: The results of this study indicate a high level of resistance to most of the antibiotics tested and a high prevalence of blaVIM gene in P. aeruginosa strains.

196-205

Authors: Narges Jani 1 Ph.D., Manizheh Azari 2* Ph.D., Sina Jafari Ghalekohneh 3 Ph.D., Mahdie Hemati 2,4 Ph.D., Javad Mohiti-Ardekani 2 Ph.D., Azadeh Nadjarzadeh 1 Ph.D., Yousof Naghiaee 2 Ph.D.

Background and Aims: Obesity and hyperlipidemia, diabetes, and malnutrition are among the causes of fatty liver disease. This study compares blood biochemical markers and anthropometric parameters in different grades of fatty liver. Materials and Methods: In this descriptive cross-sectional study, 73 fatty liver patients were studied. The degree of fatty liver disease was divided into three grades on ultrasonography. Anthropometric parameters BMI, waist circumstance, height, weight in the fasting state were evaluated according to the standard protocols. The blood samples were taken and biochemical variables fasting blood sugar, serum glutamic-oxaloacetic transaminase (SGOT), Serum glutamicpyruvic transaminase (SGPT), calcium, phosphorus, low density lipoprotein (LDL), cholesterol, triglyceride, and others were examined with photometric and HPLC methods. Results: Statistical analysis was significant between grades 1 and 3 of fatty liver (p = 0.006) and body mass index between grades 1 and 3 of fatty liver (p = 0.003). Comparing SGOT between different grades did not show any significant differences. However, comparing Bili Total indicated a significant difference between grades 1 and 2 and 1 and 3. Moreover, statistical analysis of qualitative variables, such as gender, hypertension, smoking, drug, alcohol, heart disease, stomach disease, and kidney disease, was not statistically significant between the three fatty liver groups. Median ± IQR had a significant difference for SGOT and Bili Total (p < 0.05). Conclusion: This study showed the significance of BMI, waist circumstance, and bilirubin factors in different grades of fatty liver. Monitoring BMI, waist circumstance, and bilirubin factors will be useful for susceptible people to nonalcoholic fatty liver disease.

215-222

Authors: Somayeh Ahmadi 1 M.Sc., Gilda Eslami 1 Ph.D., Mahmoud Vakili 2 M.D., MPH, Kazem Barzegar 3 Ph.D., Ali Fattahi Bafghi 1,4* Ph.D.

Background and Aims: Cutaneous Leishmaniasis is a significant health problem in many parts of Iran. Management of the disease and its treatment is a global dilemma. In this study, the status and the proportions of Cutaneous Leishmaniasis induced by Leishmania major and tropica among suspected patients referred to the Health Centers of Abarkouh, Ardakan, Bafgh, and Khatam cities, Yazd Province, Iran were investigated. Materials and Methods: The lesion was diagnosed using direct smear microscopy and conventional polymerase chain reaction. Results: A total of 90 samples were prepared of which 64 (71.1%) were male and 26 (27.9%) were female. Also, 30 (33.3%) samples came from Ardakan, 29 (32.2%) samples from Bafgh, 21 (23.3%) samples from Abarkouh, and 10 (11.1%) samples from Khatam city. Ninety samples with 112 lesions were recruited and parasitologically examined. The results showed that, in macroscopic examination, 90 of the patients had 59 lesions: patients with lesion(s) induced by Leishmania major = 52 (M=35, 67.3%, F=17, 32.7%), lesion(s) induced by Leishmania tropica =4 (M=2, 50.0%, F=2, 50.0%), and lesion(s) induced by false positive =33 (36.4%). Basides, in microscopic method, 90 of the patients had 59 lesions: patients with lesion(s) induced by Leishmania major =44 (M=29, 65.9%, F=15, 34.09%), lesion(s) induced by Leishmania tropica =9 (M=8, 88.8%, F=1, 11.2%), and lesion(s) induced by false positive =37 (M=28, 75.7%, F=9, 24.3%). Conclusion: Although travel history to an endemic area is important for diagnosis, parasitological confirmation is necessary to initiate treatment.