International Journal of Medical Laboratory

6

Authors: Shokouh Rajabi Firoozabadi, Seyed Mostafa Shiryazdi, Fateme Keshavarz, Tahere Nazari, Nasrin Ghasemi *

Backgrounds and Aims: P53 gene is regarded important in pathogenesis of different cancers. Therefore, this study aimed to investigate the frequency of p53 gene codon 72 Arg/Pro polymorphism in women suffering from breast cancer. Materials and Methods: A total of 90 patients with breast cancer and 83 matched healthy control women participated in this case-control study. Genomic DNA was extracted from peripheral blood circulation, and codon 72 polymorphism of the p53 gene was examined using the amplification refractory mutation system polymerase chain reaction (ARMS-PCR) method with 4 different primers contemporaneously. Results: A significant difference was observed between patients and controls (p˂0.05) in regard with allele frequency of the p53 gene codon 72 Arg/Pro. The distribution of genotypes frequencies was also proved to be significantly different between the cases and controls (p˂0.05). Conclusions: The results of the present study revealed that Pro/Pro homozygous and its Pro/Arg heterozygous genotypes of p53 gene codon 72 constitute breast cancer in our community. However, the complex instinct of the breast cancer and polymorphisms needs to be further studied in regard with different polymorphisms along p53 and various genes in this population in order to clarify the role of codon 72 in susceptibility of the breast cancer.

7

Authors: Hojatollah Moemeni, Durdi Qujeq, Alijan Ahmadi Ahangar *, Karimollah Hajian, Hadi Parsian

Backgrounds and Aims: Stroke incidence rate has increased during the past 2 decades. The question of whether calcium, chloride, potassium, sodium levels are associated with stroke has remained controversial. The present study aimed to evaluate the serum levels of potassium, sodium, calcium, and chloride within stroke patients. Materials and Methods: The study participants consisted of 53 cconsecutive stroke patients as well as 53 healthy subjects.The stroke was defined by focal neurological signs. After collection of blood samples, serum levels of calcium, chloride, potassium and sodium concentration were measured by standard laboratory method. Results: Serum calcium level in the patient group was significantly increased as compared to the control group [11.0±1.3) vs. 9.4±0.7, mg/dl], whereas serum potassium level in the patient group was decreased as compared to the control group [3.5±0.6 vs. 3.9±0.4, mmol/L]. Serum sodium level in the patient group was slightly low as compared to the control group [136.3 ±0.6 vs. 136.7 ±5.5, mmol/L]. Moreover, serum chloride level in the patient group was slightly high as compared to the control group [102.4±7.9 vs. 100.7±6.2, mmol/L]. Conclusions: The study results demonstrated that a statistically significant positive correlation was observed between serum electrolytes or ionic levels and stroke status. Changes in calcium, chloride, potassium and sodium levels during stroke may be a good biochemical marker of diagnosis for this disease. Therefore, these biochemical factors could play a useful role in the stroke. However, further studies are demanded to confirm the validity of study.

9

Authors: Hassan Momtaz *, Amir Ghafari, Mostafa Sheikh-Samani, Ali Jhazayeri

Backgrounds and Aims: Mastitis is a mammalian disease which is considered important due to its potential economic damages. Trueperella pyogenesis is one of the important opportunistic pathogens of the mammary glands of cattle. This bacterium can produce acute mastitis infection in dairy cattle. In fact, this bacterium has several virulence genes which contribute to its pathogenicity. Therefore, this study aimed to determine the frequency of this bacterium in the sick cattle in addition to identifying the effective virulence gene in this disease and finally investigating the antibiotic resistance of T. pyogenes. Materials and Methods: In total, 126 milk samples from mastitic cows, were collected and immediately transferred to the laboratory. Isolation and identification of T. pyogenes strains were performed using bacteriological methods. Moreover, antimicrobial susceptibility testing was performed using the disk diffusion technique polymerase chain reaction was used to detect plo, fimA, fimC, cbpA, nanH, and nanP virulence genes. Results: T. pyogenes was detected in 46 milk samples. The expression of plo and fimA virulence genes was observed in all samples while fimC expression was detected in 84.7% of cases. The most resistance was observed against tetracycline (97.8%) and gentamicin (86.9%), whereasthe least resistance was reported for chloramphenicol (4.3%) and nitrofurantoin (10.9%). Conclusions: T. pyogenes has been regarded as one of the bacteria causing mastitis disease in the cattle. Plo, fimA, and fimC virulence genes seem to be the main virulence factors of this bacterium.

12

Authors: Fahima Danesh Pouya, Javad Zavar-reza *, Beman Ali Jalali, Naser Danesh Pouya

Backgrounds and Aims: Methylglyoxal (MGO) is an –α, β dicarbonyl aldehyde inevitably produced from triose-phosphate intermediates of glycolysis, and amino acid. Increased MGO in blood leads to alterations in coagulation, clot permeability and thus, atherosclerosis in children with diabetes; however, the precise mechanism is not clear. The present study aimed to compare different concentrations of MGO and aspirin on coagulation and clot permeability in the plasma of healthy individuals in vitro. Materials and Methods: Different concentrations of MGO (5, 50, 100, 500 µM) and aspirin (1, 10, 100 mg/l) were added to the plasma citrate. They were incubated at 37°C for 24 h. Then, coagulation parameters were analyzed by the turbidimetric procedure and then clot permeability was investigated. Results: MGO at 500 µM with aspirin 100 mgl/ made significant changes in the coagulation maximum velocity (0.253±0.006), total coagulation time (803±8.88s) and permeation coefficient (0.778×10-6±0.099) compared to MGO at 500 µM (0.271±0.007), and (500±10.00), (0.446×10-6±0.017), respectively (P< 0.05). MGO at 500 µM with aspirin 1 mg/l did not significantly change in either parameter (p>0.05). MGO at 100 µM with aspirin 1 mg/l did not significantly change in either parameter (p> 0.05), compared to MGO at 100 µM. MGO at 5 µM with aspirin (1, 10, 100 mg/l) changed in all coagulation and clot permeability parameters (p<0.05), compared to MGO at 5 µM. Conclusions: Our findings revealed that aspirin (≥1 mg/l) was held to have more effects on higher concentrations of MGO. Moreover, it decreased the velocity of coagulation and increased permeability of clot.