Propaganda in the World and Local Conflicts

52-58

Authors: Vladimir B. Karataev

The article deals with advocacy of foreign agents in the North-Western Caucasus during the Caucasian war (1801–1864). Certain attention is paid to the external political reasons of emissaries’ participation in the Caucasian War. The documents of regional archives, namely from the State Archives of the Krasnodar region, as well as modern scientific literature served as materials for this article. A part of the archival sources is introduced for the first time. The conclusion states that emissaries carried out diverse advocacy activities against the Russian Empire in the North-West Caucasus. Their work manifested in the spread of proclamations, instigating the Highlanders to fight against Russia, spread of false information and instructors’ activities. The emissaries also took part in combat.

68-77

Authors: Sergei Bogdanov, Vladimir Ostapuk

The article is devoted to the organization of the German occupation authorities and their collaborators from among the local collaborators of large-scale psychological war against the population of Kursk region in 1941–1943. As the information base used in documents that are stored in the archives of the Russian Federal Security Service of the Office of the Kursk region and Belgorod region. Particular attention is given to the use of the German invaders mass of publications that began to emerge in the regional and in many regional centers of the Kursk region. The German command after the defeat near Moscow was forced to make certain adjustments to the policy of the occupation authorities for the development of civil and military collaboration in the population occupied Soviet territory. One such area was the intensification of mass propaganda of the population of the occupied territories, as well as Soviet prisoners of war. Considered filling newspapers with information materials, ways of presenting it. Identified individual stylistic features of the pro-Nazi newspapers published in Kursk frontline during the German occupation. It presents information on the individual editor in chief of the collaborationist mass of publications that appeared in the Kursk region in the occupation period.

78-86

Authors: Christo Kaftandjiev

Some of the major archetypes and their application in various mass communications (in propaganda, advertising, journalism, etc.) are analyzed in the article. At the beginning the notion “archetype” is defined as matrix in our subconscious that makes us to act a certain way from the standpoint of our greatness. Classification of archetypes is proposed, namely physical (light/darkness; dry/wet); spatial (right/left; up/down; center/periphery; symmetric/asymmetric; inside/outside); biological (man/woman; strong/weak; young/old; beautiful/ugly; big/small; healthy/sick); psychological (honest/villain); social (we/others; freedom/slavery; order/chaos; rich/poor; known/unknown; nature/machine; work/pleasure); cultural (paradise/hell; clean/dirty etc.). The main characteristics of the different archetypes are unconsciousness, mythologicalness and biological, and cultural conditioning. Archetype light/darkness and archetype left/right are analyzed in details on the basis of many examples of various communications and propaganda. The reason for their efficiency and very high spread is not so much in unscrupulous communicators – writers, journalists, propagandists, clergy, politicians, etc., but in the natural predisposition of each of us to this type of communication. Archetypes give us a simple answer to all questions, don’t bother us with mental effforts and fit perfectly to the dark side of our subconscious thinking.

4-11

Authors: Aleksandr A. Cherkasov, Michal Smigel b , Violetta S. Molchanova

The article covers the problem of glorification of underage volunteers in the Russian army during the years of World War l. The article is focused on the beginnings of the voluntary movement, the first appearances of volunteers at the front and the glorification of the children, who heroically performed at the fronts in the periodical press. The sources for the work are the articles in Russian circular periodicals (newspapers and magazines) and the postcards, issued before the Revolution, illustrating the problem of glorification of young volunteers in the Russian army during World War l. The author achieved the research goals, applying general scientific methods (analysis and synthesis, particularization, generalization) and the conventional methods of historical analysis. It enables the author to study the causes, motivating the Russian youth to flee to the front as volunteers. In conclusion the authors resume that the unexpectedly appeared movement of underage volunteers became a fait accompli despite the counteractions of civic and military authorities. Having failed to prevent and stop it with the help of prohibitive practices, the Russian government presented young volunteers activities as the samples of patriotic service in mass media

30-37

Authors: Vadim A. Nesterenko

The article considers the propaganda in the press, radio, cinema and scenic art during the German occupation of 1941–1943 based on the examples of five regions that were a part of the Ukraine military zone (Chernigov, Sumy, Kharkov, Voroshilovgrad and Donetsk regions), controlled by the military authorities. The works of the contemporary Ukrainian historians, as well as the archival documents of the supreme authorities and administration of Ukraine central state archive (KMF-8 foundation, which holds the documents photocopies of the "South" Army), state archives of the Sumy and Kharkov regions and the periodical press materials of the occupation time were used in the research. It is noted that the ideological principles of the Nazi and their confidence in the success of the "blitzkrieg" did not allow the invaders to follow the pragmatic political course, offered by A. Rosenberg. Certain propaganda efforts were successful largely due to the involvement of the representatives of the local intelligentsia.

44-48

Authors: Anvar M. Mamadaliev

The paper considers first propaganda efforts by the German intelligence services to carry out activities as part of the General Vlasov Campaign in the occupied territories and at the front. It cites a German document from the archives of the German Ministry of Foreign Affairs – "Development and Status of War Propaganda in the East since Autumn 1942 (Vlasov Campaign)". The English version of the document is published for the first time. The paper specifically looks at the international consequences that followed from this campaign.