Cuadernos de Neuropsicología Panamerican Journal of Neuropsychology

13-17

Authors: Roberto Polanco-Carrasco

In the same way we observe the relevancy of the way of administration, color, form and price of placebo when it comes to obtaining a higher therapeutical response with the patients, recent studies show how the credibility of a cognitive neuroscientific article will be higher if the text is accompanied by images of the brain. The use of graphical elements and data tables in a psychological article are also associated with the approach of the field’s most difficult topics.

23-41

Authors: Daniela Lira; Javier Bustamante; Vanetza E. Quezada; Mario A. Laborda; Gonzalo Miguez

The present article constitutes a chronicle of the Laboratorio de Psicología Experimental: Prof. Ronald Betancourt Mainhard of the Psychology Department of the Universidad de Chile, in the 1999-2016 period. Using the available literature, we present the antecedents of the foundation of the laboratory, giving national and international context to its establishment. For the chronicle itself we relied mainly on personal memories of the authors, who have been members of the laboratory for varying periods of time, and occasionally on the brief literature on the subject. The history of the laboratorycan be divided into three stages: a foundational stage,a “seeding” stage, and finally, a stage of consolidationin research. Future projections for the Laboratory are discussed.

59-70

Authors: Gonzalo Salas

This paper attempts to describe the thinking and the scientific production of the chilean psychologist Julio F. Villegas, who was a Latin American psychologist, in the broad sense of the word. His thought addressed the themes of social psychology, training of psychologists and history of psychology. In these three areas, he developed an important work that influenced a large number of Latin American psychologists, in different generations. His scientific production was developed through the years, from his student days at the University of Chile, until 2016 with the publication of a posthumous paper in a important book about the history of local psychology. His work was awarded by the Chilean College of Psychologists, the Interamerican Psychological Society and the Chilean Society of History of Psychology, among other relevant organizations within the field of psychology

89-105

Authors: Hugo Selma Sánchez; Gabriela Fernández Theoduloz

Nearly a hundred years since its inception, Rorschach test remains one of the worldwide reference psychological tests. In the last years we have observed processes of deep transformation in models and theories in clinical psychology and psychiatry and neurosciences have an increasing role. There is growing evidence supporting the relationship between psychopathology and cognitive functions, where Executive Functions (EF) represents a core target. It is essential to assess relevance and validity of the Rorschach in that new landscape. This paper presents the correlations between Rorschach´s variables, a psychopathological scale SA- 45, and EF scales DEX-Sp and FAB in a representative (N=80) Uruguayan sample. We found that all dimensions of SA-45, DEX-Sp, FAB and sociodemographic variables shows significant correlations with many Rorschach variables. We conclude that the Rorschach test could be a clinical and cognitive test that could be useful in the new scientific landscape. We discuss some results that were not expected at all.

129-141

Authors: Liliana Alvarán; Daniela Sánchez, Diego Alveiro Restrepo-Ochoa

The borderline intelligence is not a mental disorder, is a form of intellectual functioning characterized by difficulties in learning and cognitive processing, being one of the major causes of academic failure. According to this, overcomes a necessity of understanding the neuropsychological profile of these children, in order to create routes of intervention oriented to improve school performance and their environmental inclusion. Aim: To identify the neuropsychological features of children and adolescents with borderline intellectual functioning in Sabaneta (Colombia). Methodology: A descriptive study - retrospective secondary sources for a single sample of children and adolescents who met diagnosis criteria for a borderline intellectual functioning, who attended neuropsychological evaluation in a period of three years (n = 73). Results: A Gender distribution of 74% in males and 26% in females. Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) was the most frequent disorder (32.9%), and 67.1% of patients had comorbidity with it. Discussion: The obtained results coincide with those found in the literature on the subject

165-180

Authors: Eugenio Lizama Codocedo, Sandra Liberona Mandiola, Víctor Orellana Calderón, Maria Angélica Vega Urquieta

The purpose of this research was to determine the effectiveness of a pilot program for the improvement of academic performance of failing undergraduate students from the School of Chemical Science and Pharmacy at the University of Chile, who were studying subjects that were considered to be critical, i.e. General Chemistry I and II, Physics II, and Mathematics I and II, of the Chemistry, Chemistry and Pharmacy, Food and Biochemistry Engineering BA programs. For this purpose, a pre-test/post-test quasi-experimental design was used, with a non-equivalent control group. The sample was constituted by 154 students, divided into 4 groups: G1 (n=29) was the one that received the whole program; G2 (n=18) was the one that only received psychological support; G3 (n=61) was the group that exclusively received academic tutoring in the critical subjects; and finally G4 (n=46), the control group that did not received any type of support. The obtained results show that the program produced a significant improvement of the academic performance of the students, which was reflected in the passing grades of previously failed subjects in comparison to the ones obtained by the control group. This evidence is highly robust, especially in the case of the group of students that participated in the academic tutoring (G3), as well as those that complemented such tutoring with psychological support (G1).

185-189

Authors: Walter Lizandro Arias Gallegos

Por todo ello, podemos decir que la historia de la psicología ha alcanzado en Argentina uno de los niveles más altos de formalización entre los países de América Latina. Hay varios psicólogos especializados y comprometidos con el desarrollo de esta compleja y demandante rama de la psicología. Entre ellos podemos citar a Hugo Klappenbach, Miguel Gallegos, Hugo Vezzetti, Catriel Fierro, Lucía Rossi, Fernando Polanco, Magaly Jardón, Andrea Piñeda, Rosa Falcone, Ramiro Tau, Ana María Talak, Florencia Macchioli y Luciano García, solo por mencionar algunos.