Scientific Journal of Silesian University of Technology. Series Transport

9

Authors: Michal PUŠKÁR, Pavol TARBAJOVSKÝ, Marieta ŠOLTÉSOVÁ

Engine emissions can be reduced by performing suitable modifications to the oil filter. Biomass medium served as the replacement for the standard paper fibres, which are used in common oil filters. The experimental analysis of 4 emission elements showed a moderate increase in the case of 2 emission characteristics, whereby a 10% increase in monoxide was present, and also, an increase of 2.5% of nitrogen oxides was observed. Further, there was a significant reduction of 2 other emission elements, namely the unburned hydrocarbons decreased by 61%, and the amount of particulate matter was reduced by 18%. Measured engine power increased by 1.2% using the modified oil filter, which proves the success of this filter. There was a decrease in oil pressure as well, the value dropped by 0.5 bar during the whole period of the measuring process.

11

Authors: Marek MARCISZ, Rafał MORGA, Eryk REMIORZ, Tomasz KRASOŃ, Bartłomiej MICHALIK, Paweł NALEPKA, Szymon POTEMPA, Kacper SAKS, Gabriel SZECÓWKA

Collecting water samples for laboratory analysis from hard-to-reach surface areas such as post-industrial reservoirs (for example, tailings depositories) or overgrown lakes and ponds poses several difficulties, and it is potentially dangerous for the persons carrying out such activity. This can be improved by the use of unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) while ensuring an adequate level of safety and full compliance with the requirements of PN-ISO standards. This article presents the possibility of using the BSP in the option of autonomous (automatic) operation, allowing for the collection of water samples intended for physico-chemical tests, from hard-to-reach surface reservoirs, following the provisions of the relevant PN-ISO standards.

12

Authors: Agnieszka DUDZIAK, Monika STOMA, Grzegorz ZAJĄC

Conducting research on the quality of service and customer satisfaction is currently necessary for the proper and effective functioning of any organization. One of the organizations that have changed in recent years is petrol stations. In this paper, the Customer Satisfaction Index (CSI) is used to measure the quality of services and customer satisfaction. This research was carried out with the use of a proprietary questionnaire in which the respondents assessed the level of service at petrol stations. The obtained results allowed identifying the most important areas for the customers of petrol stations. In addition, the developed quality map indicated areas that should be given special attention, improved and those that are least important to customers. The conducted analyzes indicate that the CSI method used in this study is a tool that enables the assessment of customer satisfaction in a complex organization such as a petrol station.

13

Authors: Fuad DASHDAMIROV, Ulvi JAVADLI, Turan VERDİYEV

With the growth of the population and the expansion of the territory of large cities, certain difficulties arise in meeting the needs of passengers for transportation. This article studied the satisfaction of users with the city's public transport system, especially the bus transport. Thus, a survey was conducted among passengers in Baku to assess their satisfaction with public transport. The survey covered all districts of Baku in general. The study was conducted in October 2021. The questions were aimed at identifying the weight, reasons for preferring the different types of public transport, the level of satisfaction of the population with these types, assessing the quality of services and the lack of urban bus transport. The level of satisfaction of survey participants with the work of public transport by gender and age groups was determined. Subsequently, this study showed that most of the population movements are carried out by bus transport. The analysis revealed factors that reduce the quality of service on bus routes. In addition, it examined the reasons why the population chose the bus transport, the shortcomings of the bus transport, the effectiveness of dedicated bus lanes, and attitudes toward the use of alternative public transport. Summarily, this study was successful in identifying the shortcomings of public transport in the city, improving passenger service to increase passenger satisfaction toward attracting more people to public transport.

13

Authors: Oleg ONISHCHENKO, Volodymyr GOLIKOV, Oleksiy MELNYK, Svitlana ONYSHCHENKO, Kostiantyn OBERTIUR

Every year, the dynamics of implementation of projects aimed at improving the efficiency of energy use is gradually increasing at different levels and in different industries. It has spread in the areas of design, modernization and reconstruction of energy-efficient buildings and structures, design and construction of elements of industrial infrastructure, and technological production processes. Introduction of such projects is a priority for enterprises and companies of various types of economic activity. Thus, the leading industries develop strategies to improve environmental safety and energy efficiency - shipping is no exception, where the process of improving energy efficiency is carried out through various mechanisms, ultimately leading to a reduction in emissions of pollutants, but having a negative impact on the performance of the commercial operation of the ship. Problems of ensuring energy efficiency along with increasing requirements for environmental safety of transport and strengthening the responsibility of shipowners become the focus of research of modern theory and practice of operation of means of maritime transport. The issues of improvement of universal principles of energy efficiency within individual shipping companies and development of tools for economic analysis of energy efficiency of own fleet, search for new ways of forming professional competencies of ship crew members in the field of energy efficiency continue to be topical as well.

15

Authors: Aldona KUŚMIŃSKA-FIJAŁKOWSKA, Zbigniew ŁUKASIK, Jacek KOZYRA

One of the priorities of the EU economy is to create the best possible conditions for the design and implementation of innovative solutions within the scope of energy efficiency. In recent years, there has been quick technological progress in the field of devices having controlled motor drive used for air purification, and from heating plates, which are applied in the eating places, including restaurants and zones for preparing meals in various means of transport. The research conducted by the EU on EcoDesign requirements showed that range hoods at the stage of their use have a considerable potential of saving energy. The introduction of energy efficiency labels to the market has improved the energy efficiency of these devices and accelerated the transformation of the market to implement energy-saving technologies, which according to the experts, may lead to an annual primary energy saving of 27 PJ/year in 2021, which may increase in 2030 to 60 PJ/year. The authors of this publication researched the fluid dynamic efficiency of a selected range hood, showing the necessity of investments in new technologies. Patented original solutions of the range hoods that can be applied, among others, in such means of transport as passenger ships, cargo ships, and submarines having a zone for preparing meals were presented in this article. An environmental aspect in the context of energy consumption was shown during the phase of using the device for air purification, providing many premises and arguments for future constructional solutions for energy management in various branches of transport and more.

16

Authors: Zohra GHAFOURI FARD, Mohammad Mahdi KHABIRI, Pouya AFKHAMI MEYBODI

Today, the increasing development of urbanization and climate change and its resulting issues, including the occurrence of urban floods, is one of the important issues facing city managers. One of these problems that seriously affect lives today is the occurrence of floods and the inundation of urban thoroughfares. Among the problems of floods in urban areas are the disruption of the urban transportation system, reduced transportation safety, inundation of thoroughfares, and consequently, the poor appearance of urban roads. One of the successful strategies in controlling urban runoff is the use of porous pavements in urban thoroughfares. The two capabilities of permeability and evaporation of a porous pavement lead to reduced runoff and a resultant lack of occurrence of inundation of thoroughfares; therefore, accurate measurement of these two parameters is of special importance. This study aims to introduce two devices for measuring the permeability and evaporation of porous asphalt with an innovative method that can measure the permeability and evaporation of asphalt and porous concrete with appropriate accuracy.

19

Authors: Sulaimon Olanrewaju ADEBIYI, Oluwagbenga John AKINRINMADE, Bilqis Bolanle AMOLE

Evaluation of Bus Rapid Transportation (BRT) based on service quality criteria and customer satisfaction can never be overemphasized due to its derivative, such as optimizing the performance of the transportation industry. Thus, this study employs the multi-criteria decision-making (MCDM) method for the evaluation of service quality and customer satisfaction of the BRT system in Nigeria using the fuzzy analytical hierarchy process (FAHP) and visekriterijumska optimizacija i kompromisno resenje (VIKOR), which are components of multi-criteria optimization and compromise solution to evaluate notable factors responsible for the user’s perspective. Research design is quantitative and analytical in nature through a survey of experts who are users of BRT services. Samples were drawn through a multi-stage sampling procedure and a total of 402 copies of questionnaires were administered to BRT users based on their experience with the system. Hence, VIKOR and FAHP methods are applied to analyse data retrieved from the field on services quality and performance level. The service quality (SERVQUAL) model (a multi-dimensional research instrument designed to capture consumer expectations and perceptions of service) was modified thereby generating six dimensions and thirty-six service criteria for this research. The FAHP method was employed to determine the weights of the decision criteria because there is a need to measure commuters’ perceptions and expectations based on numerical linguistic variables due to the vague, imprecise and complexity related to the nature of services. The criteria weights and responses of the survey analysis (data) related with the BRT are input for the VIKOR method for ranking. As measuring the perception of service quality based on crispy value can often be misleading, hence, the use of the fuzzy MCDM method can give a more realistic measurement. The result of the multi-criteria decision analysis revealed that pricing quality is the most relevant service quality dimension to users’ satisfaction, followed by the empathy quality dimension. The summary of strength and weakness areas of service quality discovered through the research and its managerial implications with recommendations were related to the appropriate authority in charge of the BRT system for improved performance.

31

Authors: Zineb ACHETOUI, Charif MABROUKI, Ahmed MOUSRIJ

This paper aims to provide a performance measurement system for the automotive spare parts supply chain. We focus on an independent distributor belonging to an independent channel. The framework encompasses different performance aspects for a high supply chain visibility, as well as the required categories, subcategories and key performance indicators for the automotive spare parts supply chain performance measurement. The framework is the first contribution that advances the performance measurement in the automotive aftermarket and allows assessing the performance of the automotive spare parts supply chain as a whole.