Scientific Journal of Silesian University of Technology. Series Transport

7

Authors: Bożena SZCZUCKA-LASOTA, Tomasz WĘGRZYN, Bogusław ŁAZARZ, Krzysztof LUKASZKOWICZ, Adam JUREK, Krzysztof Ireneusz WILCZYŃSKI

In the mobile platform structure, there is an increasing necessity to weld steels from the various groups. For instance, it has become necessary to connect AHSS (Advanced High-Strength Steel) with fine-grained steels. This article verifies the possibility of obtaining accurate mixed welded joints from different grades of DOCOL 1400 steel (from the AHSS group) with S700 MC steel (from the fine-grained steel group). The structure, quality and mechanical properties of the obtained welded joints were thoroughly analysed. The joints were made at various welding speed with preheating to 80°C and without preheating.

10

Authors: Konrad LEWCZUK, Michał KŁODAWSKI

This paper presents in general, the issue of logistics information and systems processing it in logistics chains. The concept of logistic information was defined and the main types were discussed, with particular emphasis on information associated with logistic facilities, such as warehouses. Thereafter, a three-level model of the information processing system in the logistics chain was presented and elaborated upon. The importance of new, primary concepts in the field of logistics information – Logistics 4.0 and Internet of Things as well as the resulting concept of decision centres scattered to the equipment layers of logistic systems were reviewed. The summary contains probable development trends in the five most important areas of logistics information processing in the future.

11

Authors: Tomasz MATYJA

This paper presents a dynamic model of a palletised load unit during a static tilt test. The stability (also called rigidity) of a load unit was evaluated. The palletised load unit was built of packages forming layers and protected against disintegration by stretch film. The aim of this study was to compare the results of a static tilt test with a commonly used and recommended dynamic acceleration test.

11

Authors: Joanna SĘK

This paper discusses the legal framework of electromobility in the European Union, including Directive 2014/94/EU. The main issues implementing this directive into Polish legislation were discussed (for example, Dz. U. z 2018 r., poz. 317). The Additional European Parliament recommendations included in the resolution of 25 October 2018 were also presented. The second part of the article contains information on electromobility in road transport, for example, the number of new vehicles registered in 2018 according to types of fuel. In addition, the main goals of the AFI directive for maritime and inland transport were presented, together with examples of innovative solutions that meet the major objectives of electromobility and sustainable development.

12

Authors: Jan VERNER, Marie SEJKOROVÁ, Petr VESELÍK

The aim of this paper is to estimate the mass concentrations of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) such as benzene (B), toluene (T), ethylbenzene (E) and m-, p-, o-xylenes (X) inside of the driver-compartment of motor vehicles. The results were compared with the Czech limits for indoor environments and the external concentrations. The experiments were carried out on various routes with different methods of ventilation. The volatile emissions detected inside the vehicle were investigated in the city of Brno, Czech Republic. Cabin air was collected using desorption tubes and the samples were analysed by thermal desorption gas chromatography with a flame ionisation detector coupled with a mass detector. VOC concentrations detected in the cabin of the vehicle ranged from 2.93 µg.m-3 to 7.96 µg.m-3 for benzene, 1.42 µg.m-3 to 4.38 µg.m-3. for toluene, 44.06 µg.m-3 to 152.00 µg.m-3 for ethylbenzene and 63.07 µg.m-3 to 479.62 µg.m-3 for xylenes. The indoor limit value for benzene, according to the Czech standard, is 7 µg.m-3. Levels of toluene were consistently below the Czech hourly standard, whose value according to the Czech standard is 300 µg.m-3. According to our findings, various methods of ventilation are an important factor influencing the BTEX pollution levels within the interior of the vehicle. In addition, this paper presents the influence results of benzene on the health of passengers inside the cabin of the vehicle. The results show that all age categories, especially children under the age of two, are exposed to increased health risks.

14

Authors: Erdem DOGAN

Long short-term memory networks (LSTM) produces promising results in the prediction of traffic flows. However, LSTM needs large numbers of data to produce satisfactory results. Therefore, the effect of LSTM training set size on performance and optimum training set size for short-term traffic flow prediction problems were investigated in this study. To achieve this, the numbers of data in the training set was set between 480 and 2800, and the prediction performance of the LSTMs trained using these adjusted training sets was measured. In addition, LSTM prediction results were compared with nonlinear autoregressive neural networks (NAR) trained using the same training sets. Consequently, it was seen that the increase in LSTM's training cluster size increased performance to a certain point. However, after this point, the performance decreased. Three main results emerged in this study: First, the optimum training set size for LSTM significantly improves the prediction performance of the model. Second, LSTM makes short-term traffic forecasting better than NAR. Third, LSTM predictions fluctuate less than the NAR model following instant traffic flow changes.

15

Authors: Kazimierz OPOKA

This paper contains a prognosis of vehicle insurance economic indices using the Grey System Theory. It has been prepared based on data provided by a certain insurance company. The following economic factors were analysed: number of insured vehicles, premiums income, amount of damage cases covered, and value of paid compensations. The results of this study indicate a reduction in all analysed indices over twelve months.

19

Authors: Eke Christy HART, Sulaimon Olanrewaju ADEBIYI, Olamilekan Gbenga OYENUGA

Understanding the needs of ferry service commuters cannot be overemphasis, considering the fact that the survival of any business largely depends on the volume of its customer base, and how well they are satisfied with the level of services received. More so, owing to the high population of Lagos state and usual traffic congestion across main roads during the peak periods, water transportation via ferries undoubtedly becomes a viable alternative to ensure stakeholders satisfaction in urban planning for a city majorly surrounded by water providers. Thus, this study employs the analytical hierarchy process (AHP) to prioritise the ferry services needs of commuters to make effective managerial decisions that will aid efficiency in their operations, thereby, increasing the market penetration, competitive edge and commuter satisfaction. A sample size of two hundred and four was computed through purposive sampling procedure. The data retrieved were analysed using pairwise comparison in line with AHP methodology. The study found out that among the criteria measured, comfort was perceived more important to commuters compared to its pairs. In addition, recreational facilities, ease of online payment, regular maintenance of waterways and seating with good legroom were ranked high by the commuters. Therefore, to ensure a sustainable competitive advantage over other modes of transportation, these indicators need to be effectively considered in water transportation policy.