Scientific Journal of Silesian University of Technology. Series Transport

9

Authors: Michał JUZEK

In this article, the results of experimental research and simulation studies using a geometric model made in CAD software were presented. The aim of the conducted research and simulations was to determine the influence of nonparallelism of shafts' axes on gearbox vibroactivity and the contact area of the cooperating teeth. The results showed that the change of the non-parallelism of shafts' axes significantly affects the vibrations of selected components of the operating gearbox and the contact area of cooperating teeth.

10

Authors: Arian AGHELFARD, Mohammad Sadegh ROHANIMANESH, Ali VATANSHENAS

The seismic elastomeric bearings reinforced with fibre is considered as a new technology in comparison to other conventional isolator systems in civil engineering. In this type of bearing, recycled fibres replaced traditional steel plates used in common bearings. Therefore, this type of bearing has been studied in recent years due to both environmental and cost-saving advantages. The shortage of references about the application of this type of bearing in the bridge industry, and particularly the continuous-span bridges, prompted the researchers in this study to investigate the performance of the isolated reinforced concrete box girder bridges with continuous spans. Reducing the acceleration transmission from the substructure to the superstructure is one of the main advantages of using seismic bearings. Based on the study of the structural models, it was found that, in most cases, elastomeric bearings reinforced with fibres showed a suitable performance and reduced the acceleration applied to the superstructure by absorbing the earthquake energy.

10

Authors: Rudolf KAMPF, Jiří HANZL, Ondrej STOPKA, Iwona RYBICKA

This paper offers a comparison of selected European countries´ approaches to the civil and commercial use of Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAV) with the approach and rules set by the Civil Aviation Authority (CAA) in the Czech Republic. The authors specially focused on the differences in the approaches of individual authorities, which regulate the use of unmanned vehicles in the countries concerned in order to emphasise the inconsistency of rules within the European Economic Area. In the other part of the paper, the authors outline the possibilities of using unmanned aerial vehicles (drones), particularly dealing with increasing safety in air transport as a complement to biological protection of airports, and propose their original idea of the system.

10

Authors: Jacek NOWAK, Krzysztof OGONOWSKI, Marek KUSTRA

This article discusses civil aviation security, which is understood as a combination of human and material activities and resources to safeguard international civil aviation against acts of unlawful interference. This article presents protection measures applied in the security system of civil airports. Parts of the article focuses on both theoretical and practical solutions concerning the airport security system. The systemic approach observes aviation security as a set of elements and relationships that occur between them in accordance with established principles, through the prism of the aim. The aim of aviation security is to prevent acts of unlawful interference (people, objects, hazardous materials threatening the safety of aviation and the aviation infrastructure). The authors of the article have identified the concept of airport security system and characterised the civil airport as a specific object. This article presents the procedural and technical aspects of the functioning of the civil security airport system.

11

Authors: Nadežda ČUBOŇOVÁ, Tomáš DODOK, Zuzana SÁGOVÁ

This paper deals with genetic algorithms as an optimisation method and its use for optimisation of the machining process in the CAM system. Tool path verification and optimisation are two best ways of dramatically improving manufacturing operations while saving money with relatively little work. Genetic algorithms can be used for improvement of these operations and considerably reduce length of tool paths leading to the reduction of machine times and optimisation of cutting parameters. Provides the software application created to optimise processes of boring and local milling (Incomplete sentence; what or who provides).

11

Authors: Silvia MALÁKOVÁ

This paper presents the concept of eccentric elliptical gear train able to generate a variable gear ratio law. The first step in the noncircular gears virtua design process is the generation of the conjugate pitch curves, starting from a predesigned law of motion for the driven element or a predesigned geometry for the driving gear pitch curve. By designing a pair of non-circular gears, which are able to perform a proper gear ratio function, the output member of a mechanism can be effectively forced to move according to a prescribed law of motion, when operated at a constant input-velocity. This mechanism is designed to obtain a specific motion law. Detailed knowledge of meshing conditions is a prerequisite for studying kinematic conditions in gearings, as well as the strength calculation of gearing.

11

Authors: Jan RAJCHEL

On the 25th of January 2018, the Civil and Military Aeronautical Rescue Coordination Centre (ARCC) commenced operations in the Polish Air Navigation Services Agency (PANSA). PANSA significantly increased its contribution in the domain of coordination of search and rescue activities in ASAR service in the Polish area of responsibility. Before this date, all tasks of ARCC Centre were conducted mainly by the Armed Forces of the Republic of Poland, which performed the coordination function in ASAR (Aeronautical Search and Rescue) service. The bodies responsible were the Aeronautical Search and Rescue Centre located in the Air Operations Centre – Air Component Headquarter in Warsaw and the sub-centre in Gdynia, part of the Naval Operations Centre of Naval Component Headquarter. According to international commitments resulting mainly from the Convention on International Civil Aviation signed on 7th of December 1944 in Chicago and ratified by Poland together with Annex 12 “Search And Rescue”, Poland committed to establishing aeronautical search and rescue service called ASAR within the Polish region to assure its operation. ASAR service is the only service in Poland for rescue purposes and is designated for the search and rescue of aircraft in distress, provision of help for aircraft crews and passengers and other victims of aeronautical accidents (regardless of the nationality of the aircraft and persons). ASAR service tasks include search of the designated area to locate aircraft and victims of aeronautical accidents, determine their status and commence rescue actions at the location using dedicated forces and measures as well as forces and measures of other systems, mainly from the State Medical Rescue and the National Firefighting and Rescue System and the Maritime Search and Rescue Service. ASAR services consists of: commanding element – CivilMilitary Aeronautical Rescue and Coordination Centre, executive elements – Aeronautical Search and Rescue Teams (LZPR), and supporting elements – alerting points (air traffic services units operating in the framework of alerting service).

15

Authors: Volodymyr ZARENBIN, Tatiana KOLESNIKOVA, Olha SAKNO, Vasyl OLLO, Victor KLIMENKO

To estimate the effect of the axial movement of piston rings in the piston grooves on the blow-by in the internal combustion engine (ICE) by an experiment- calculated method. This contributes to the development of practical recommendations for the further improvement of the engine ring seal designs. Abstract theorems were used when modelling the effect of the axial movement of piston rings in the piston grooves on the blow-by in an ICE. They are based on the fundamental theory of heat engines, thermodynamics and hydraulics. The ICE running was analysed using design-theoretical research methods. The effect of the axial movement of piston rings in the piston grooves on the blow-by in the ICE was established. This creates prerequisites for a more accurate assessment of their sealing capacity and for ways to further improve them. Calculated dependences for computing the blow-by depending on the positional relationship of the rings in the piston grooves were obtained. The dependences of gas escapes on the engine crankshaft speed were obtained, which is especially important for idling modes by which one can judge the dynamic stability of the ring seal and solve the problems of improving its service properties. The calculated dependences for evaluation of the blow-by depending on the positional relationship of the rings in the piston grooves and their respective possible gas flows in the ring seal were obtained for the first time. The practical method for estimating the dynamic stability of the ring seal by decencies of gas escape on the crankshaft rotation speed in ICE was proposed.