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The Functionalizing Bioactive Surface of Screw Titanium Implants with Chitosan: Fabrication and Surface Features
Authors: Valery V. Novochadov, Anna S. Krylova, Nikita A. Anikeev, Victor I. Shemonaev, Angelina O. Zekiy
Number of views: 436
The necessity to develop different approaches to increasing dental implant osseointegration should be of high prevalence of dental diseases in current world, the massive expansion of dental implantation technologies, and the advent of technical possibilities to functionalize bioactive surfaces using modern molecular biotechnology.
To improve bioactive surface of dental implants by functionalization, we selected chitosan because it had the properties of biocompatibility and osteoinductive effect, also we had literature data about the possibility of its application as nano-films and nano-coating. Chitosan, applied using еру cathodic sputtering technique, significantly altered nano-surface topography of dental implants. Using atomic force microscopy it is shown that after chitosan applying, the nano-roughness parameter has 5.6-fold increase, and the developed surface area ratio has increased 3.7 times in comparison with surface properties of commercial titanium screw implant without chitosan spraying.
The application of chitosan on bioactive surface of the screw titanium implants was shown to improve the morphological characteristics of osseointegration after implantation into the rat femoral bone. The bone volume fraction in osseointegration zone exceeded at different periods of the experiment the value of the same parameter in the comparison group 1.56-1.64 times. Implants with a surface chitosan-based functional coating provided the additional osteoconductive effect appeared in more intensive and rapid osteogenesis around implants, and the more expressed remodeling and thickening of the surrounding trabecular bone.