Revista Clio América

486-492

Authors: Francisco José Arias-Aragonés, Alexander Mauricio Caraballo-Payares, Javier Enrique Jiménez-Osorio

The article characterizes the medical tourism subsector in Bogota and Cartagena to detect potential service offers to foreignpatients. We performed a comparative analysis between these two cities to identify the weaknesses, opportunities, strengths,and threats they have. The study has a quantitative research approach using primary sources of information to characterizethe subsector in these cities. In Bogota, the quality of health care services, specialized infrastructure, the accreditation ofsome health care institutions, and the formation of the health care cluster stand out as competitive elements. Meanwhile,Cartagena shows attractive prices but has scarce health careinfrastructure and health professionals, low levels of bilingualproficiency, and increased local health service needs. We conclude that there is a need to strengthen the subsector’scompetitivenessinbothcities,asthetrendpointstothegrowthofthistype oftourisminthecomingyears.

504-516

Authors: Alexander Carvajal, Oscar David Andrés Julián López-Camargo

This work measured the relationship between the Municipal Added Value Per-Capita (VAMP) and The Fiscal Performance Index (IDF) in Colombian municipalities in 2011-2016 using Spatial Econometrics models with cross-sectional data. The methodology employed began by testing for the existence of spatial autocorrelation using Moran’s Iand Geary’s c statistics; subsequently, spatial models of substantive and residual relationships were estimated. The results obtained demonstrated the spatial autocorrelation existence and a positive relationship between IDF and VAMP. The main conclusions obtained indicate that it is necessary to generate mechanisms that allow greater homogenization of municipal production through market liberalization and decentralization of the power of territorial entities. It is also essential that municipal governments strive to manage adequate and austere spending levels that do not hinder the economic growth of their territory. The mentioned conclusions are useful as an information tool for decision-making for economic policymakers at any territorial level.

531-540

Authors: Manuel Polo-Florido, Santander Gómez-Ortíz

This research was guided by the question: Is there association or independence in the different variables of the micro-businesses in the departments of the Caribbean region? Therefore, the purpose was to review the association or independence that occurs in these businesses located in the Colombian Caribbean. The article worked with a positivist episteme, from a quantitative approach and a deductive paradigm, using hypothesis testing to corroborate or refute the assertions regarding the relationship of micro-businesses in this region. These businesses were found to have similar behaviors or their trends are identical, regardless of which of the eight departments the startup takes place in. Thus, there is an association in the variables analyzed in the research. The results indicate that there is cohesion in the region, originated by the behavior of the variables that are immersed within the entrepreneurship in the different departments located in the Caribbean region

559-569

Authors: Carlos Andrés Sánchez-Becerra, Alex Mauricio Rodríguez

This research incorporates theoretical elements of fiscal federalism,structures and levels of government, decentralization, information and needs assessment in local, and types of local income and expenses. Likewise, it seeks to know how the fiscal decentralization process has been in the municipality of Ocaña from the perspective of the capacity to generate its income based on the revenues that the Constitution and the law have granted and whose regulations are found in the municipal agreement 042 of 2009 "Tax Statute of the Municipality of Ocaña". Also, public accounting information available in the Treasury and Public Information Consolidator (CHIP) and the resolutions of the General Accounting Office of the Nation on the categorization of municipalities. With this information, comparative analyses of the collections and their relative weights over revenues were carried out, understanding the performance of the municipal finance to manage and collect its income in the period 2009-2017. It is remarkable that, although the tax collection has had significant growth, its performance is lower than other municipalities with similar population characteristics