Philological Treatises

7-14

Authors: Алексенко С. Ф. = Aleksenko, S.

The article tackles a wide range of extralinguistic factors which affect the intonation pattern modification of utterances. It’s proven that in the study of intonation contour variation it’s expedient to confine to such of them as the communicative situation, the relative ratio of social statuses of interlocutors, the degree of emotional colouring of speech and the pragmatic aim of a certain utterance. Prosodic organization of apologies in the formal register is taken as a manifestation of dependence of intonation features of utterances on the situation in which they are realized. It has been determined that middle and low ascending tones, gradually descending scale, moderate tempo of pronunciation, distinct syntagmatic division, middle rate of pausation, widened pitch range and middle pitch level of utterances actualization are characteristic of formal apologies.= В статье осмысливается широкий спектр экстралингвистических факторов, которые влияют на модификацию интонационной модели высказываний. Доказывается необходимость ограничения такими из них, как ситуация общения, соотношение социальных статусов коммуникантов, степень эмоциональной окраски речи и прагматическая установка определенного речевого действия при изучении вариативности интонационного контура. На примере анализа просодической организации высказываний-извинений официального стиля общения рассматривается обусловленность интонационных признаков высказываний ситуацией общения, в которой они функционируют. Выяснено, что формально выраженным высказываниям-извинениям присущи средние и низкие восходящие тоны, постепенно нисходящая шкала, умеренный темп произношения, четкое синтагматическое членение, невысокий коэфициент паузации, расширенный тональный диапазон и средний тональный уровень реализаций высказываний.

20-15

Authors: Вашист К. М. = Vashyst, K. M.

The article touches upon the problems of artificial nomination based on the material of blended commercial onyms / brands within advertisement discourse. Lately many trade names have got the status of brands and have become the subject of an interdisciplinary study of humanities. Hence, there is an interest to linguistic investigation of brands pragmatic function. Brands, as an integral part of the advertising discourse, function as advertisement onyms and differ from the other varieties of proper names owing to their stylistic colouring that serves to attract attention of the addresser. The system of trade names / brands, popular at a certain time in one or another linguistic culture, contains information about the features of social organization, economic structure, preferences, tastes, material and spiritual culture of the society. These are artificial words (artificial nomination), but they cannot be considered marginal. A name identifies only a single referent. This individual restriction in use forms the basis of the relationship between proper names (brands) and objects / concepts in the marketing sphere. Any lexical unit can produce the proper name of blend type. The semantic content of the ad name / brand often goes beyond the semantic structure of words whose elements make up this blend. The material for the creation of advertising names can serve as appellative units of the general lexicon, but getting to the category of onyms they are destructured / changed semantically, been fixed to a particular referent. In the context brand onyms sometimes even acquire a new semantic and stylistic content that proves unlimited potential of functional-pragmatic tendencies of commercial names as the legitimate part of the English language lexicon. = Статья изучает функциональные возможности маркировочных наименований, многие из которых, получив статус брендов, в условиях рыночной экономики закономерно стали предметом междисциплинарного исследования целого комплекса гуманитарных наук. На этой основе появилась возможность и собственно лингвистической интерпретации прагматических тенденций брендов. Это искусственные слова (искусственная номинация), но на этом основании они не могут считаться маргинальными. Имя идентифицирует лишь отдельный референт. Это индивидуальное ограничение в употреблении составляет основу отношений между именами собственными (брендами) и объектами / понятиями маркетинговой сферы. Любые лексические единицы могут стать структурной основой для возникновения имени собственного блендингового типа. Семантическое содержание рекламного имени / бренда иногда или чаще всего выходит за пределы сем слов, элементы которых составляют этот бленд. Материалом для образования рекламных имен могут служить апеллятивные единицы общего лексикона языка, но, переходя в разряд онимов на синхронном уровне, они деструктурируются и десемантизируются полностью или изменяют / дополняют свою семантику, закрепляясь за конкретным референтом. Исследование доказывает неограниченные потенции функционально-прагматических тенденций коммерческих наименований как правомочной части лексикона английского языка.

33-38

Authors: Zhukovska A. = Жуковська А. В.

The article deals with the study of the character’s touch behavior in the contemporary English language fictional discourse from the modular perspective. The tacesic module is defined as a structural part of the English fictional discourse which contains one or more nominative units designating touch. The analysis of the principles governing the combination of the tacesic module with other nonverbal modules results in the conclusion that at least three factors influence the modes they are combined within the frame of the multicomponent nonverbal module. They are the factors of directivity, harmony and equilibrium. In the English fictional discourse the character’s nonverbal signals can be directed at either one or more than one communicative partners. In the first case the directivity factor results in the appearance of the single-vectored multicomponent nonverbal module while the second case gives rise to the differently vectored one. The harmony factor can also be realized in at least two ways, i.e. the consonance and dissonance of the nominative units designating different nonverbal components, including touch. The equilibrium factor predetermines the inverse relationships between the nonverbal constituents of the multicomponent nonverbal module. = Статья посвящена изучению тактильного поведения персонажа в номинативном пространстве современного англоязычного художественного дискурса с позиции модулярного подхода. Такесический модуль как структурная единица измерения тактильного поведения персонажа определяется как часть англоязычного художественного дискурса, содержащая одну или несколько номинаций прикосновения персонажа. В статье анализируются принципы комбинирования такесического модуля с другими невербальными модулями и выделяется ряд факторов их сочетания в рамках многокомпонентного невербального модуля. К ним относим фактор адресованности, фактор гармоничности и фактор равновесия. В современном англоязычном художественном дискурсе невербальные проявления персонажа могут быть адресованы одному или нескольким коммуникативным партнерам. Таким образом, по фактору адресованности выделяются одновекторные и многовекторные невербальные модули. Фактор гармоничности реализуется в двух противоположных конфигурациях - консонансе и диссонансе комбинируемых невербальных модулей. Фактор равновесия предполагает инверсивный характер отношений между невербальными модулями - составляющими многокомпонентного невербального модуля.

46-53

Authors: Кузнєцова О. В.= O. V. Kuznietsova

In the article the research of the author’s speech mask in comic idiodiscourse is offered for the first time. The mask phenomenon, influenced by epoch, suffered changes and has turned from simple attribute of conviviality, carnival into artistic device, became a central text category. Thus, the speech mask becomes the mechanism of author’s transformation, represents not only a non-verbal side of the personality, but also gives a chance to creatively present him or herself in the text. As a result of the research of literary works by a modern American writer-humorist Dave Barry it is established that such type of a mask is a difficult three-level phenomenon which fully penetrates author’s works and is shown on the front cover, contents and the text. We refer absurdity, allusion, the use of nonce words, intertextuality and paradox to the most frequently stylistic devices used by the author. In the work the definition of comic idiodiscourse as a kind of discourse of comic tonality, a product of carnival model of the world is offered. = У статті вперше пропонується дослідження мовленнєвої маски автора комічного ідіодискурсу. Феномен маски під плином епох зазнав трансформаційних змін і перетворився з простого атрибуту святковості, карнавалу на художній прийом, став центральною текстовою категорією. Таким чином, мовленнєва маска стає механізмом перевтілення автора, зображує не лише невербальну сторону особистості, а й дає їй можливість креативно представити себе в текстовій площині. У результаті дослідження творчості сучасного американського письменника-гумориста Дейва Баррі встановлено, що такий тип маски є складним трирівневим феноменом, який наскрізно пронизує творчість автора і проявляється на передній обкладинці, змісті та тексті. До найчастотніших стилістичних прийомів, ужитих автором, відносимо абсурд, алюзію, вживання оказіоналізмів, інтертекстуальність та парадокс. У роботі пропонується визначення комічного ідіодискурсу як різновиду дискурсу ігрової тональності, продукту карнавальної моделі світу.

61-66

Authors: Movchan D., Vetoshkina M.

The present article deals with the notion of discourse in general, and newspaper discourse in particular. Newspaper discourse is considered to be a special form of the language functioning, the aim of which is not only the transferring of information, but also the manipulating of thoughts and views of a recipient. The research pays attention to lexical and grammatical features of British newspaper discourse. The paper analyses the titles of the newspaper texts, key word-combinations as the media of stereotypical information; determines the role of phraseological units for intensification of nominative and stylistic content of the utterances. It characterizes the syntactic typological features of modern British newspapers. The results of the research prove that the main features of British newspaper discourse are expressiveness, a concise and evaluative character of information.

72-76

Authors: Naumenko, I.= І.Науменко, Derevianchenko, M. = М. Дерев’янченко, Anokhina, T. = Т. О. Анохіна

The Negation category (NC) makes the subject of this investigation. NC is marked by the concept of the mentioned category in lexicography and belles-lettre discourses (the background of material under research). The working method is ontognoseological. The actuality of this paper is verified by its topicality in terms of the modern syncretic study – modi of language, speech and cognition. The aim of the article consists in two objectives: to consider the mechanics of categorization and conceptualization. The terminology embraces denial, negation, lack, absence. = Категория негации (КН) – объект исследования. КН трактуется как концепт, представленный в лексикографических источниках и в художественном дискурсе английского языка (на материале объекта исследования). Метод исследования – онтогносеологический. Актуальность работы объективируется топикальностью темы в режиме современных синкретических проблем, коррелирующих в модусах языка, речи и когниции. Цель статьи – исследовать процесс категоризации и концептуализации. Терминология работы включает метазнаки denial, negation, absence, lack.

86-94

Authors: Сидоренко О. П.= Sidorenko, O., Лагута М. В. = Laguta, М.

The article is devoted to studying of the gender peculiarities of language occurrences of associative and semantic structure of concept of «Love» in the author’s linguistic view of the world. The gender factor of artistic representations of concept of «Love» is determined by mental exposition of author as a medium of social sex and is foregrounded with social role of characters. Contextual associative and semantic field is a verbal expression of gender meaning of artistic concept of «Love», content and structure of which shows us, according to lexical and syntactical point of view, gender variations of conceptual meaning of «Love» in Rozdobudko’s and Vynnychuk’s compositions writings don’t have a vivid expression. Authors’ speech is equal according to using expressive means, but gender factor appears in ideologically-thematic view more, than in linguostylistic one. Artistic discourse of both authors composes gender values of a reader: reflects sociocultural stereotypes and at the same time arranges new gender figures – emphasizes intellectual content in woman’s emotions and feelings and ascribes tenderness and devotion for men’s passion. = Стаття присвячена вивченню гендерних особливостей мовної реалізації асоціативно-семантичної структури концепту «любов» в індивідуально-авторській мовній картині світу. Гендерний чинник художнього осмислення концепту «любов» зумовлюється ментальними уявленнями автора як носія соціальної статі, актуалізується соціальними ролями персонажів. Вербальним виявом гендерних смислів художнього концепту «любов» є контекстуальне асоціативно-семантичне поле, зміст і структура якого засвідчують, що в лексико-семантичному плані гендерні варіації концептуальних смислів любові у творах Роздобудько та Винничука не мають яскравого вираження. Мовлення обох майстрів слова однаково багате на виражальні засоби, а гендерний чинник виявляється більше в ідейно-тематичному плані, ніж у мовностилістичному. Художній дискурс обох авторів конструює гендерні цінності читача: відбиває соціокультурні стереотипи і водночас вибудовує нові гендерні образи – підкреслює інтелектуальну складову в емоціях і почуттях жінки, а чоловічій пристрасті приписує ніжність і відданість.

101-108

Authors: Трумко О. М. = Trumko, O.

The article is devoted to peculiarities of the realization of conflict speech of children of different age groups in the family. The interaction of communicative tactics age children is proved by the analyzing of linguistic (speech acts/complex speech acts) and quantitative (frequency) indicators of the communication tactics of refusal, rough prompting, accusations, opposition demonstrations and negative estimation. There are detected similar and different linguistic indicators of the realization of communicative tactics, different indicators of communicative tactics frequency using, that confirms determination of the children → parent communication by nonlinguistic factors – age of children. = Стаття присвячена особливостям реалізації конфліктного мовлення дітей різних вікових категорій у сім’ї. Взаємодію комунікативна тактика ↔ вік дітей обґрунтовано шляхом аналізу лінгвістичних (мовленнєвих актів/комплексних мовленнєвих актів) та кількісних (частотність) показників комунікативних тактик відмови, грубого спонукання, звинувачення, демонстрації опозиції та негативної оцінки. Виявлені спільні та відмінні лінгвістичні показники реалізації комунікативних тактик, відмінні показники частотності вживання комунікативних тактик засвідчують зумовленість комунікації діти → батьки позамовним чинником – віком дітей.

116-120

Authors: Chulanova G. V., Strilko A. L.

The article deals with a variety of location of blurbs and summaries. In addition, the authorship of these texts is examined. Characteristic syntactic constructions are compared and lexical units are analyzed. The conclusion is drawn about the connection of the means, used in summaries and blurbs, with the functional load of the texts. The impact of summaries and blurbs on the recipient is summarized.

127-138

Authors: Л. М. Горболіс = L. M. Horbolis

Lyric trilogy «Symphony of the Petrykiv Forest» is a kind of forest calendar, which contains a wide range of colors, a composition of sounds and smells that together with the emotional-behavioral characteristics of the narrator demonstrate various expressions of his environmental awareness. P. Soroka’s character is attentive, emotional, and touchy, he is a creative person who notices a small, knows how to see, hear and feel some special and unique. In the forest, everything draws narrator’s attention and hearing; character tired of city was impressed and amazed by this place. Living in the forest, P. Soroka’s hero did not lose the mental experience of the sense of nature and communication with it. In the forest, in his opinion, you should come with a calm heart, a peaceful and serene soul, in a joyful mood, because only then you can feel the fullness of life and the happiness that the heart can hold. The escape of P. Soroka’s character, who is a personality, into the forest is caused by the need for something another, unusual, special; it is a flight from the injustice of the world, the imperfect, confused and artificial city space. In the inner organization of the hero-narrator of the lyrical trilogy ancient instincts worked in relation to nature, which is expressed in 1) the need to communicate with nature, 2) respectful attitude to the objects of nature. The hero-narrator appeals to nature as a source of inspiration, he actively assimilates the eco-theory of the moral attitude to the objects of nature, which was produced and tested by his ancestors. He is our contemporary, and his behavior corresponds to the needs of Ukrainian society at the beginning of the XXI century. Contemplating the forest, the hero-narrator produces the philosophy of self-understanding, the self-creation and, importantly, self-esteem. His philosophy of tolerant behavior with the objects of nature is built on ecologically established principles, the ethics of attitude to animate and inanimate nature coordinates and gives meaning to the behavior of the hero, cautiously and politely appeals in the forest. The hero enters organically into the rhythm of life created by the forest and helps to feel confident and cozy. The ecological competence of the hero-narrator of the lyrical trilogy «Symphony of the Petrykiv Forest» becomes the background of the formation of a life philosophy, search of a meaning to life, the comprehension of the essence of being etc. The hero, who loves the environment, makes natural parallels between nature and a man. Spiritual life, moral health, humanistic orientation of behavior, feelings and emotional experiences, the values of the hero-narrator of the lyric trilogy are coordinated by the nature. The trinity, built on the basis of ecological culture, «the desire to be in nature – the ability to handle it – the desire to return to nature» forms the basis of the philosophy of the character’s life. = У статті на матеріалі збірки «Симфонія Петриківського лісу» сучасного українського письменника досліджено складний світ почуттів, переживань ліричного героя, творчої особистості, який на основі прадавніх правил і норм поводження з довкіллям виробив філософію розуміння світу, себе й толерантного співжиття в гармонії з природою. Екологічна культура героя, сформовані критерії краси, добра, толерантного ставлення до природи впливають на формування стилю життя героя-наратора.

146-154

Authors: Жиленко І. Р. = Zhylenko, I. R.

The article deals with the works of the interwar period small prose of the emigrant writers V. Vynnychenko and A. Averchenko, devoted to the children’s world, which was a tremendous value for the authors. It turns out that the work of the Ukrainian author "Necklace" and of the Russian "king of laughter" "Children" contain similar elements which can be united into two blocks: thematic (sacred thematics, suffering orphan life, child friendship, relationships with adults, caring for parents, children’s games and antics) and stylistic (psychology, philosophy, music, means of expressiveness – comparison, metaphor, grotesque, hyperbolization, irony), which include the features of language: folk signs, emotionality, outdated vocabulary. Attention is drawn to some common features of poetics – eyes, hair, and smile.The author emphasizes the high artistic level of the works of small prose. Vynnychenko as a neorealist and Averchenko as a humorist writer showed a respectful attitude towards children, the best representatives of humanity. Both children and adults like their optimistic stories. The article determines that the thematics of children in difficult emigrant years became a kind of salvation anchor for outstanding writers of XX century.= У статті досліджуються твори малої прози міжвоєнного періоду письменників-емігрантів В. Винниченка й А. Аверченка, присвячені світу дітей, який мав для авторів неабияку цінність. Доводиться, що збірки «Намисто» українського автора та «Діти» російського «короля сміху» містять схожі елементи, які можна об’єднати у два блоки: тематичний (святочна тематика, стражденне сирітське життя, дитяча дружба, стосунки з дорослими, турбота про батьків, ігри й витівки халамидників тощо) і стильовий (психологізм, філософічність, музикалізація, засоби виразності та прийоми – порівняння, метафора, гротеск, гіперболізація, іронія), до якого віднесено й особливості мови: народність, емоційність, застаріла лексика. Звертається увага на деякі спільні риси поетики – очі, волосся, усмішка. Наголошується на високому мистецькому рівні творів малої прози. Винниченко як неореаліст і Аверченко як письменник-гуморист виявили поважне ставлення до дітей як до кращих представників людства. Їхні оптимістичні оповідання прийшлися до душі як дітям, так і дорослим. У роботі наголошується, що тема дітей у важкі емігрантські роки стала своєрідним якорем порятунку для видатних письменників ХХ ст.

162-167

Authors: Давидюк Л. М.

In the article the household stories of West Polissya are studied in the genological and thematic aspects. The aim of the investigation was the analysis of a little-researched section of verbal unsophisticated prose with a concrete historical reflection of reality. As a result of the research are offered definitive signs of household stories and their thematic composition in folk art of West Polissya. It is established that the genre characteristics of this group of folklore stories are completely correlated with general classifications, but the household stories of the investigated region are always locally attached. All the aetiological events examined were relatively recent. In part they relate to specific historical facts and also contain toponymic elements. In the course of the study it was established that the stories of this genre-thematic group of West Polissya are mostly built on realism, but their worldview basis is not completely lost. = У статті розглянуто побутові перекази Західного Полісся в генологічному й тематичному аспектах. Метою розвідки став аналіз малодослідженої ділянки усної неказкової прози з конкретно-історичним відображенням дійсності. У результаті дослідження запропоновано дефінітивні ознаки побутових переказів і проаналізовано їх тематичний склад у західнополіській народній творчості. Встановлено, що жанрові характеристики вказаної групи фольклорних оповідань цілком корелюються з загальнокласифікаційними, одначе побутові перекази досліджуваного краю завжди локально прикріплені. Всі розглянуті етіологічні події відбувалися відносно недавно. Почасти вони співвідносяться з конкретними історичними фактами, а також містять топонімічні елементи. Зазначено, що західнополіські оповідання згаданої жанрово-тематичної групи переважно побудовано на реалізмі, проте їх світоглядна основа ще повністю не затрачена.

7-13

Authors: Baranova S., Shevchenko V.

The article deals with the investigation of special features of translating figurative comparative constructions in the works by Dan Brown «Inferno» and «The Lost Symbol» in source and target languages. Simile as a means to express subjective and evaluative modality, to highlight personal attitude and emotions to the recipient and reality, to improve the aesthetic value of the text is considered. Comparative constructions, verbalizing the introspection of character’s inner world, intensifying reader’s attention and reflecting author’s conception of the world are investigated. Idiomatic expressions that are extraordinary and easily understood in source and target texts are characterized. The expressive role of source stylistic figures of speech and the ways of their rendering through the means of target language, the functions of comparative constructions in selected works are also regarded.

22-29

Authors: S. V. Volkova = С. В.Волкова

The article focuses on mytholoric space (my notion) of the novel-essay "Dwellings", written by Linda Hogan who is contemporary Native American writer (Amerindian). Mytholoric space of the novel-legend is considered to be the lingual and cognitive construct which narrative model is based on the principles of homogeneity of its elements (mytholoric images-symbols), discreetness that is the possibility of differentiating the kinds of these images, hierarchy of its elements (due to their ethnocultural meaningfulness types and kinds of mytholoric images may be levelled in the center of the space and on its peripheries both), and wholeness (coherence and cohesion of mytholoric space elements). Mytholoric space is considered to be the totality of mytholoric and mytholoric and literary images which embed into the literary space of the text and thus form its genre and narrative features, transform neomythologic consciousness of the author and ethnocultural worldview of Amerindians. Based on that the paper gives the step-by-step configuration of the narrative model of novel-essay mytholoric space.

38-46

Authors: Dehtiarova L., Lazutkina J., Trofimenko A.

Im Artikel wurden die Farbnamen, so genannte Kolorative, wie eine spezifische semantisch-stilistische Schicht der Lexik, ihre expliziten und impliziten Bedeutungen erforscht. Außerdem wurde der philosophische, für die Linguistik neue Begriff, wie Qualia der Farben betrachtet. Es wurden die Funktionen der Kolorative in den Phareseologismen, festen Redewendungen und der deutschen und ukrainischen Dichtung analysiert, und auf welche Weise es mit den linguistisch-kulturellen Besonderheiten verbunden ist. Es wurde festgestellt, dass die Kolorative nicht nur äußerliche Merkmale, sondern auch die Handlungen, den geistigen Zustand des Menschen, seine Gefühle übergeben, expressiv-emotionell den Inhalt färben, die gemeinsame Stimmung des Werks bestimmen, die künstlerischen Ausdrucksmittel unifizieren und verschiedenartig gestalten, die Fähigkeit haben können, die Lexeme untypisch zu kombinieren und eine Reihe der Assoziationen zu schaffen. Dank solchen breiten Spektrums werden die Funktionen der Farbnamen für die Gestaltung der Metapher, Antithesen, Parallelismen verwendet, während sie häufiger als Epitheta vorkommen.

57-62

Authors: Kobyakova I., Baranova S., Polishchiuk I.

The article deals with the determination of the role of numerical expressions in human lives and, particularly, in the language system. The methods of translation of English quantitative idioms into the Ukrainian language (phraseological equivalents, phraseological analogies, the calque and descriptive method) are investigated. The use of a specific method of translating English phraseological units is determined and explained according to their structure, connotative, denotative and significative meanings, subjective evaluation connotations. The examples of using a specific method of translation are represented. The problems of the differentiation of the “hidden” phraseological units are also described. The representation of the numeral polysemy and its ability to be converted into different parts of speech is distinguished.

73-79

Authors: O. M. Medvid, K. I. Volynska / О. М. Медвідь, К. I.Вoлинcькa

The study focuses on English- and Ukrainian medical instructions as a marker of medical terminological units, variability of their nomenclature and lack of complete interchangeability between the two languages. The article is devoted to the study of lexical, structural and compositional, translation aspects of the texts-instructions. The variability of the medical terminology discourse is represented in the translation of the medical instructions. The main lexical and grammatical means of pharmaceutical terminology translation in texts-instructions generally include: transliteration, calque, lexical additions, antonymous and descriptive translation; lexical and grammatical transformations, parallel syntactic constructions. A wide range and progressive production of new drugs of the international brands will always serve as the object of linguistic and translation researches.

86-92

Authors: N. Rudenko

In the article the pragmatic orientation of English texts of public service advertising is analyzed, namely its manipulating strategies and tactics. Linguistic manipulating is especially important, because it determines the usage of language means on different levels to create the inherent influence on a recipient in public service advertising for reaching its main goal – driving to act. Nowadays the advertising message is less informative, but more manipulating and pragmatic. Verbal components in such texts activate the intellectual and emotional reactions of the addressee and cause corresponding actions. Such categories of advertising as anthropocentrism, information and influence stipulate its consideration in the aspect of linguistic pragmatics. The pragmatic analysis of public service advertising gives an opportunity to detect language means of argumentation, techniques and tactics of persuasion. The orientation on the addressee is characteristic to any type of communication, but the factor of an addressee determines the form and the content of advertising texts at a larger extent than in the texts of any other kinds of discourses.

102-106

Authors: Semeniuk A. A.

This article illustrates the connection between culture and communication and then emphasizes the role of culture in translation. The paper has tried to review briefly the scholars' viewpoints and approaches to defining the concept of culture. To encourage further exploration and understanding of translation issues, the reasons of translation difficulties arousing in the process of mediating between cultures, both source and target ones, have been analyzed.

115-120

Authors: I. V.Ushchapovska

In the attempt to find a solution for the successful brand formation, scientists have developed different approaches to brand studying. In the article, brand is considered from the linguistic perspective. In particular, brand language, the way brand communicates with the audience, is the object of the study. Therefore, the aim of the article is to identify brand language as an integrative linguistic feature; to state the convergence of verbal and non-verbal elements of brand language when forming a successful brand language. Brand language refers to the words, signs, sounds and other expressive means used to communicate the brand. Brand language comprises verbal and non-verbal identities, meaning it is developed on the verbal and non-verbal levels. Brand’s verbal identity is the words, phrases, and terms used to describe the brand. Non-verbal elements of brand language can be divided into visual and audial identities. Visual identity or visual brand language contains the graphic components that together provide a system for identifying and representing a brand. Audial identity can be described as the unique, proprietary music and sound that emotionally convey a brand’s essence and values. Being perceived, brand language elements blend in the minds of the audience, providing interaction of the words, colors, graphics, and sounds. In the article, we suggest brand language be an example of the convergence of verbal and nonverbal elements.

127-135

Authors: V. M. Vladymyrova / В. М. Владимирова

The article dwells on the problem of a multi-faceted personality self-realization, the search of opportunities for its harmonious existence in the spiritual and domestic life according to the works of V. Petrov and I. Korsak. It is stated that the personality of P. Kulish has become significant for the writers of different literary epochs. V. Petrov doesn’t only use the actual material for writing his novel, but also artistically complements it depicting the protagonist in the context of historic events. The author gives the reader an opportunity to understand that the epoch of Romanticism influences the protagonist’s behavioral model and his interaction with the world. The involved epistolary body helps to create P. Kulish’s versatile psychological portrait to show the contradiction of his character. With the difference of V. Petrov’s novella, in the modern writer I. Korsak’s novel everything is viewed through Alexandra Bilozerska’s world perception, which creates a unique female version of the depicted events. Describing the main character’s destiny, I. Korsak outlines very important existential and philosophical problems typical of today’s life.

142-151

Authors: I. Zhylenko / І. Р. Жиленко

The article deals with some genres of flash fiction of little-known Ukrainian writers of the interwar period, which have mainly been placed on the pages of the emigration periodicals. Some author biographical information is being analysed and genre priorities of flash fiction are being set. Different types of stories, novels, memoirs and essays of B. O'Connor-Vilinska, O. Khrapko-Drahomanov, Lesia Verhovynka reveal a common theme – life of the Ukrainian village in the post-revolutionary period, relationship between men and women, gender issues, emigrant life. Some style features of the flash fiction have been outlined, some of which are deep psychological, philosophic and didactic generalizations. One perceives existential, ethnographic and folklore motifs, finds national symbols; apocrypha elements, fiction and sacred history – these are characteristics of the literature of the early twentieth century. Particular attention is being drawn to the cultural traditions of the Ukrainian people, depicting anti-war atmosphere of peasants. The writing skills of the writers, which lies in the use of the linguistic,stylistic, and artistic tools and techniques, is being emphasized. The idea of the general cultural space of the twentieth century without these and other names of women writers is inconceivab. = У статті досліджуються малі прозові жанри маловідомих українських письменниць міжвоєнної доби, головним чином вміщених на сторінках емігрантських часописів. З’ясовуються деякі біографічні відомості, визначено жанрові пріоритети малої прози. Різні види оповідань, новели, спогади, нариси В. О’Коннор-Вілінської, О. Храпко-Драгоманової, Лесі Верховинки мають спільну тематику – життя українського села у пореволюційний період, стосунки чоловіка й жінки, гендерна проблематика, емігрантське життя. Окреслено деякі стильові особливості малої художньої прози. Вона позначена глибоким психологізмом, філософськими й дидактичними узагальненнями. Відчутні екзистенціальні, етнографічні й фольклорні мотиви, національна символіка; містяться елементи апокрифів, фантастики та священної історії – тобто явища, характерні для літератури початку ХХ століття. Звертається увага на культурні традиції українців, обґрунтовуються антивоєнні настрої селян, підкреслюється майстерність письменниць, що полягає у використанні мовно-стилістичних і художніх засобів та прийомів. Зазначено, що без цих та інших імен письменниць неможливо скласти уявлення про український літературний простір ХХ століття.

8-11

Authors: Anokhina T.

The article opens a brief overview on lacunology as a newborn science, which is adherent to sociolinguistics, nonverbal semiotics and applied linguistics (the object of investigation). The research of lacunology considers the empty places of zero verbalization. The investigation is being conducted in the lingo-cognitive approach in terms of language (i), speech (ii), and speech behavior (iii). The paper is aimed at materializing idea of scientific picture of lacunology and its tomorrow’s vistas. The philosophic triad (to be or not to be, to cognize or not, status of people in cognition) is being solved here positively. There exist white gaps (lacunae) in the world pictures, which with times are cognized and verbalized. Relevant methods are involved. Priority is given to etymological, conceptual, componential, and translation analyses. The choice of methods is determined by the nature of empiric facts and aims to investigate them. The basic metasigns in the lacunicon vicinity make an urgent and actual problem for further investigation. Key words: lacunology, lacunicon, language/speech cognition lacunae, scholars overviews.

20-31

Authors: Dorda V. O.

The research aims to identify the social parameters of American students in the prism the relevant type of slang. During the analysis of the younger generation’s distinctive features from the society in general, the author considers such basic elements as age (19-24), occupation (training and leisure) and the place (university, college). Students are a group of young people who receive higher education which provides them not only with the skills in a particular major, but also conveys the individual socio-cultural values, society culture, and contributes to successful integration into society. The process of socialization is vividly displayed in the American students’ speech, including the usage of slang.). The author analyses the American students as a distinct society with its universal language and lingual features on the basis of defined socio-cultural aspects (autonomy, socialization, self-presentation, the system of value priorities, behavior standards, data interpretation, closedness). Keywords: social parameters, American student slang, socio-cultural aspects.

37-44

Authors: Zatsnyi Y. A., Yankov A. V.

The paper analyses the core of medical vocabulary, its terminology as far as the etymological aspect is concerned. It describes the original sources of formation, semantic evolution and paradigmatic combinability of the core medical vocabulary. Special attention is given to the role played by the elements of classical languages in medical vocabulary both diachronically and synchronically. On the material of modern borrowings operating in medical lexicon, we show that although Greek and Latin roots and morphemes should be regarded the core of medical terminology in English, together with its own (Germanic material) and borrowed from Romanic languages, UNDER CONDITIONS of information revolution terminological system continues the processes of borrowings from modern languages together with borrowings of relevant concepts. Key words: borrowing, core, element, etymology, semantics, terminology.

50-61

Authors: Tatsenko N. V.

The article presents systematization of linguistic interpretations of empathy as a cognitive and affective phenomenon, and representation of different approaches to its explication in modern linguistics. The correlation between emotionality and emotiveness is analyzed in the sphere of empathic communicative interaction within the framework of linguistic emotiology. It has been found out that the categories of expressiveness, intensiveness, emotiveness and evaluativeness are structural components and at the same time determinants of empathy, the presence of which in communication complexes provides rational axiomatic tolerance and efficiency of communication, and realization of empathic implicatures integrating into the phenomenon of verbal representations. Key words: empathy, empathic communication, empathic implicatures, emotiveness, expressiveness, intensiveness, evaluativeness

67-74

Authors: Shchyhlo L. V.

The article deals with the theoretical and methodological framework of integrative approach to the modeling of the translation process from a position of integrative discourse analysis, basing on three phases of the translation process – creative, receptive and recreative that highlights the real se¬mantic dynamics taking place within translation’s literary discourse. Discourse analysis is productive for translation theory only if translation itself is an interdiscourse activity considering both linguistic and extralinguistic factors. Integrative translation studies make it possible to understand the translation process as a kind of cognitive translators’s activity taking into account the creativity of the language personality, as well as a whole range of factors that determine and accompany translation process. The creativity of language personality of a translator refers to an inner resource of a translator that eliminates the stereotypical ways of his thinking and discovers new methods of solving translation problems. Keywords: discourse ontology of translation, discourse analysis, integrative approach, integrative model of translation, language personality of a translator.

85-94

Authors: Kalantayevska G. P.

The article deals with attitude of B. Antonenko-Davydovych to mass passion of students of 1920s for literary work and his opinion about graphomania as one of the displays of such passion. The author considers numerous nationwide character traits, such as respect for antiquity, disposition to heated discussions, contempt for violence and love for freedom, mentioned by the writer; draws attention to the phenomenon of “social entry into literature” by giving examples of various psychological types of untalented beginning poets and self-loving madmen, motives and goals they set, means they use to make editorial offices accept their works. The author points out that B. Antonenko-Davydovych’s derisive tone emphasizes his deep knowledge of human mind, Ukrainian mentality, harmonizes with his satirical attitude to ignorant pen-pushers and compassion for a handful of gifted beginners. The research proves that by applying his method of travel the writer has created a general picture of readership of provincial cities with the spirit of national rebirth, self-development, creative rush and aspiration for knowledge. Key words: national character traits, readership, beginning poet, graphomania, psychological type.

100-107

Authors: Chernysh A. E.

The article is dedicated to genre features of the novel-biography by M. Slaboshpytskiy «Things Recorded in the Life Book: Mychailo Kotsubynskyi» demonstrating new formations in form and text constructions on biographical material. Based on the novel biography of M. Kotsyubynskyi it is found out that originality of the genre «orchestration» of the novel is consonant with stylistic tendencies of this work. The multiplicity of narrative structures leads to self-narration of the hero and other forms of narration such as heteronarration of the author-narrator and homonarration with individual «voices». The chronotope of M. Slaboshpytskyi’s novel «Things Recorded in the Life Book: Mychailo Kotsubynskiy» basically forms the space of native home, Kononovka, Chernihiv and Capri, forming the ragged peculiarity of the arts biography. Intertextuality is presented on the system of different text relationships (paratextuality, metatextuality, arhitextuality). Key words: genre, style, intertext, chronotope, narratology.

7-13

Authors: Андрейко Л. В.

У статті пропонується огляд теоретичних засад щодо вивчення стратегій очуження та одомашнення в зарубіжному та українському перекладознавстві. Особливу увагу звернено на стильотворчу та смислотворчу функцію інтертекстуальних одиниць в художньому творі, зокрема на те, що читач перекладу має не лише отримати інформацію, але й інтерпретувати її, актуалізуючи численні посилання на інші джерела. Здійснено критичний аналіз застосування стратегій очуження та одомашнення при перекладі інтертекстуальних одиниць. В перекладацькій практиці стратегія очуження реалізується шляхом дослівного перекладу інтертекстуальних одинць і супроводження їх коментарем. Найсуттєвішим недоліком такого прийому можна вважати втрату „радості впізнавання” цитати, перетворення семантично насиченої частини тексту в нейтральний фон, порушення естетичної цілісності вихідного тексту. Стратегія одомашнення реалізується шляхом „пристосування” вихідних текстів до семіотичного універсуму культури-реципієнта, а саме шляхом заміни функціональним еквівалентом добре відомих в рамках вихідної культури інтертекстуальних ланок. Проте, перекладацькі підходи не можуть бути строго фіксованими, і визначаються в кожному конкретному випадку залежно від перекладацької ситуації, типу вихідного тексту і характеру очікуваного адресата перекладу. Ключові слова: очуження, одомашнення,інтертекстуальність, переклад, художній твір

24-32

Authors: Dehtiarova, L.

Im Artikel werden Qualia oder linguistisch-kulturelle Besonderheiten der Wahrnehmung der schwarzen Farbe in verschiedenen Ethnokulturen erforscht. Im linguokulturellen Kontext der westeuropäischen Mentalität verkörpert die schwarze Farbe in der Regel Trauer, Tod, das Böse, Demut. Die Benutzung des Kontrastes schwarz – weiß symbolisiert den ewigen Wechsel Licht – Finsternis, Leben – Tod, Liebe – Abschied, wodurch alle philosophischen Dinge in der Welt existieren können. Durch die Analyse der literarischen Texte wird die linguistische Verbindung des Wortes „schwarz“ hergestellt. Im Zusammenhang zur Wichtigkeit jener oder anderer Farben und Schattierungen im Alltagsleben können einige davon mehr oder weniger in der Sprache widergespiegelt werden. Die Fähigkeit auf unterschiedliche Weise die Farben wahrzunehmen, hat die Dynamik anhängig von der Stimmung, dem Alter, der Bildung, der Besonderheiten der Natur und des Klimas der Menschen. Es werden auch Qualia oder die mental-psychische subjektive Wahrnehmung der schwarzen Farbe analysiert. Die Emotionen als psychische Erscheinungen der kognitiven Tätigkeit des Menschen, die ein subjektives Bewertungsverhältnis zu existerenden und möglichen Situationen widerspiegeln, sind wenig erforscht und werden unterschiedlich von Autoren, die andere Länder, andere Weltseiten vertreten, begriffen. Mit diesem Problem haben sich J.W. Goethe, J. Itten, H. Kuppers, W.I. Scherzl, D. Dennet, W. Kandinski und andere beschäftigt. Key words: Qualia, Synesthesie,mental, psychisch, schwarze Farbe, Finsternis, Nacht, Tod, TrauerNacht.

39-46

Authors: Кисленко А. Ю., Вашист К. М.

У статті в парадигмі малоформатних комунікативних одиниць розглядаються особливості перекладу текстів-відгуків, що розміщуються в мережі Інтернет. Електронний текст-відгук як якісно новий у своєму форматі, створений на основі первинного тексту, відіграє роль посередника в мовній комунікації і характеризується своєю прагматичною спрямованістю, оціночністю та емотивністю. Електронний текст-відгук – особливий тип вторинного тексту, що характеризується включеністю в гіпертекст, приналежністю до текстів масової комунікації, естетичні принципи якого належать до традиції постмодернізму. Проводиться аналіз засобів реалізації емоцій в електронних текстах-відгуках та способи їх передачі на фонетико-морфологічному, синтаксичному та лексичному рівнях під час перекладу українською мовою. Наведені приклади електронних текстів-відгуків надають можливість зрозуміти, що українська та англійська мови відрізняються не лише деякими ізольованими параметрами, а й усією сукупністю вербальної та невербальної інформації. Ключові слова: електронний текст-відгук, читач-респонсер, емоції, емотивність, емотив, афектив, конотатив.

57-64

Authors: Косенко Ю. В., Коробка А.

У статті розглядаються способи вербальної репрезентації лінгвокультурного концепту FASHION на матеріалі англомовного газетного дискурсу. Основну увагу звернено на структурний аналіз концепту FASHION – виявлення ядра та периферії, визначення макрообластей та дефінітивний аналіз номінацій, що складають синонімічний ряд імені концепту FASHION. Аналізується участь синонімів номінації fashion, в тому числі лексема style, а також їх функціонування в сучасній англійській мові. Лексичні засоби вербалізації концепту відображають семи, що подаються англомовними тлумачними словниками та актуалізуються у британському газетному дискурсі. Таким чином визначено найуживаніші значення лексем-вербалізаторів концепту FASHION. Ключові слова: когнітивна лінгвістика, концепт “fashion”, концептуальний аналіз, газетний дискурс, дефінітивний аналіз номінацій, феномен мода.

69-74

Authors: Nazarenko O., Ivanenko O.

The article offers theoretical overview of creating proper names by means of conversion, derivation and stems combining in the English and Ukrainian languages. As far as like common name, proper name represents motivated sign, fixed in the process of communication, the attention is paid to appealing of proper names in modern fairy tale discourse to commons names that demands sophisticated readers to understand narrator's intentions. In the article the difference in creating proper names in English and Ukrainian is vividly shown because of specifications of both languages. Contrastive analysis of word building and word formation theory allows to confer ways of creating proper names and clearly get narrator's attitude to main characters. Method of reconsidering and rebuilding of already existing lexical units also deserves analyzing. Thus we gain the result that metamorphism is one of the most peculiar specifications of the language which makes it vital. It allows to create new nominations without using new signs and helps communicative acts to be more flexible. The research of semantics and pragmatics of constituent parts of the language is extremely urgent for adequate perception of fairy tale discourse. Key words: proper names, common names, conversion, derivation, word building

82-90

Authors: Подолкова С. В.

У статті розглядаються директивні комунікативні акти в якості компонента прагматичного аспекта текстів технічної реклами, що найбільш інтенсивно реалізують авторську інтенцію. Реалізуючи функцію впливу, директивна інформація сприяє ідентифікації наміру автора, орієнтованої на адресата ілокутивної сили комунікативного акта, декодуванню зміста висловлення. У статті аналізуються специфічні стилістичні риси науково-технічних текстів: об’єктивність, логічність, точність, узагальненість, які обумовлюють використання термінів, термінологічних словосполучень, пасивних конструкцій та безособовий характер викладення. Ключові слова: науково-технічний текст, текст технічної реклами, директивний комунікативний акт, прагматична настанова, об’єктивність, логічність, точність, узагальненість.

95-102

Authors: Швачко С. О., Кобякова І. К., Сахарова Н. І.

У статті фокусується увага на лексичних, граматичних та морфемних маркерах омовлення категорії негації. Розглядаються вербальні та невербальні засоби категоризації негації, їх взаємодія в англомовному дискурсі. Особлива увага приділяється лексичним негаторам з експліцитним та імпліцитним значенням. Підтверджується думка про мононегативність англійської мови на релевантному емпіричному матеріалі. Осмислюється онтологія діючих метазнаків. Розглядаються питання перспективи подальшого дослідження. Ключові слова: категорія негації, імпліцитне та експліцитне заперечення, полінегативність, мононегативність, вербальні та невербальні засоби., метамова, метазнак, англійська мова.

7-14

Authors: Anokhina, T. О.

The article in question deals with the problem of lacunarity (negation), its properties in the English and Ukrainian languages. The poems «The Arrow and the Song» (H. W. Longfellow) and «The Bells of St. Petersburgh» (Th. Moore) are being contrastively analyzed. Topicality of the theme is verified by the problem itself, which awaits its discussion, and is due to the growing interest of linguists to emerging science – lacunology. At present there works a great impulse to research speech and speech moduses. The paper is aimed at identification of lacuna types, their environment, and synergetic powers of words. The achievements of native and foreign scientists are taken into consideration, let alone subjective generalization. Attention is being paid to the inner laws of related languages. T. Shevchenko idiolect is being briefly touched upon in terms of negation endozone. The differences of languages tell upon their usage. Cf. phenomenon of polynegation or the use of articles. The English language prefers mononegation in contrast to the Ukrainian language. The latter does not like articles. But the communicative effect works wonders in both languages. It is the most lacunar and universe into that. Translation works on and its ways are compression, decompression, lacunarity, modification. Translator texts cope with the original one due to their equivalent pragmatico-semantic loading. Keywords: lacunae, lacunarity, translation, adequacy, interlanguage and intercultural communication

18-24

Authors: Guseva, A. G., & Skryl, O. I.

The article reveals the specific nature of lingua-cultural sources of the child’s comic discourse based on small (jokes, tricks, taunts, teases) and large (films, cartoons, stories) forms of precedent texts. Special attention is given to lingual (stylistics, syntax, morphology) and extralingual (prosodics, graphics) aspects of the comic sources and their functional and ideological ergonomics. The article employs a number of complementary methods including content analysis (for finding lingual components of the precedent texts of the child discourse) and linguostylistic analysis for highlighting the stylistic means of creating the comic effect). Keywords: child, comic discourse, lingua-cultural sources, precedent texts, function

34-72

Authors: Marchenko, T. A., & Marchenko, Ye. O.

The article deals with the changes in the terminological system of vegetable names by borrowing lexical units at all levels of the Ukrainian language, which makes it possible to predict further modifications in the system. The analysis of phonetic, lexical and grammatical derivational changes in terms of this group and syntactic features of borrowed terms in modern Ukrainian literary language had been also considered. The illustration of examples from the literature shows the diversity of the terms’ use in the artistic style of speech. A characteristic feature of this terminology is such that it can freely, without changing the form, move from one language style to another. We used the methods of comparative, etymological analysis, which allowed proving the fact that German and Polish were the most effective languages for the system of vegetable names because of their grammatical structure being very close to Ukrainian, and this contributes to better learning in the future new terms on the basis of the Ukrainian language. Keywords: terminological system, vegetable names, borrowed words, producer-language, Ukrainian Literary Language, foreign words.

49-54

Authors: Prokopenko, N.

The article is devoted to a complex linguostylistic category, that of expression, which is considered in a relation to othe problems associated with connotative resources of a language system, its norms and usage. The essence of expressiveness as a notion and its implementation in certain functional styles are paid attention too. The nature of expression isrealized at the intersection of stylistics, semantics and pragmatics of the language. The article includes a theoretical grounding of the category of expression in the linguistic works of famous scientists (V. V. Vinogradov, O. I. Smirnitski, D. M. Shmeleva, etc.): theses being important for the research in question. We paid attention on consideration of expression not only as an intralanguage phenomenon, but as a category which can affect the outcome statements. There is proposed a definition of expression as a pragmatic rhetorical category, which includes updating the quality of linguistic expression through connotative possibilities of language resources. Keywords: expressivity, expression, norm, connotation, pragmatics, style

63-71

Authors: Sadovnikova, O. P.

Advertising is a part of national information space, it is born in a particular ethnocultural system, it a priori has a corresponding linguocultural code. To achieve the goal of advertising national, cultural and mental peculiarities of potential recipients should be taken into account. Advertising messages on ukrainian television, particularly their text conten?t became the object of observations. It was found out that about 20% of them are appealing to the cultural ethnic knowledge of the recipients. Verbalization of cultural ethnic content of advertising messages takes place because of the use of nationally marked vocabulary, that includes such concepts as words with no direct equivalents in other languages, namely realia words (exoticisms and barbarisms) and background vocabulary (words-symbols). The selection of nationally marked lexical items in advertising messages was made by the following criteria: 1) semantic ones: presence in the structure of the lexical meaning of seme "national" (ethnic, folk, symbolic), 2) grammatic ones – authentic units and borrowed units, were analyzed according to formal indices, 3) functional-stylisticones creation of national coloring. Keywords: cultural ethnic content of advertising, words with no direct equivalents in other languages, realia words, background vocabulary.

78-86

Authors: Sukhovetska, L. V.

The paper considers how the evaluative activity of human mind affects the process of formation of directive speech acts. The author summarizes and concretizes the interpretation of evaluation. With the previous researches taken into account the article сonfirms the presence of an axiological component in political discourse, determines the correlation between such categories as evaluation and motivation. The results of the research identify the functioning of explicit and implicit directive speech acts, motivated by the negative evaluation of the addressee, demonstrate the speaker’s appeal to general and concrete evaluative meanings. It has been found that the electorate’s evaluation highlights subjects of authority, their activity and the results of their activity. The pragmatic aspect is represented by the functioning of the speech acts of demand, prohibition, warning, appeal and proposition. Keywords: evaluation, pejorative, political discourse, imperative, directive

95-104

Authors: Tsolin, D. V.

This article is concerned with correlation between metaphor and syntax in poetical discourse in two types of versification – the archaic parallel verse which is oriented to certain syntactic models, and later verse patterns which are not bound to syntactic structures. The Biblical Hebrew poetry, its paraphrases in Aramaic, and Jewish liturgical poetry in Aramaic of 4-th – 8-th centuries have been chosen as research materials. The Hebrew poetry (along with other ancient Middle East poetical traditions – Akkadian, Ugaritic and Egyptian) demonstrates the syntactically-oriented type of versification: two parallel lines-clauses have similar syntactic constructions (so called ‘mirror’ parallelism of syntax) which are united with apposition. In this type of poetical structures the parallelism of metaphors coincides with the syntactic parallelisms: it is the most optimal mode of correlation between syntax and metaphor. However, the later poetical traditions (including most of the modern forms of poetry) are not tied to certain syntactic patterns: they are oriented rather to rhythm and phonetic devices than to the syntax models. There are not any syntactic ‘standards’ for these poetical structures: a line can coincide with a clause, its part or phrase (in the ancient syntactically-oriented poetry was the rule line = clause); two lines are not necessary parallel in their structures (without the ‘mirror’ effect). Does it mean that syntax is not important for the metaphorical aspect of poetry? How the metaphors are correlated with syntax in these new poetical forms? To investigate this problem another type of poetry in Semitic languages has been analyzed – the Jewish liturgical poems in Aramaic of 4-th – 8-th centuries. So called piyyutim (פיוטים) – the liturgical poems – are built without any linkage with special syntactic models: the main demands for poetical structures are acrostic, measured rhythm and line-based structure (the pre-classical piyyutim); acrostic, rhythm, strophe-based structure and regular rhyme (the classical piyyutim). This poetry is close to many modern poetical forms, so, our conclusions may cover correlation between metaphor and syntax in poetry in general. In spite of the fact that certain syntactic patterns are not necessary for the new poetical forms, any kind of poetry has rhythm-syntactic nature: even in non-oriented syntactically poetry a colon coincides with a syntagma, a foot coincides with a word; but in the syntactically-oriented poetry the level of involvement of syntax in the verse structures is higher: a line coincides with a clause, and correlation of line is regulated strictly (see above). What about the correlation between syntax and metaphor in the new poetry? Firstly, in the case of the non-oriented syntactically poetry the metaphor is expressed with the same syntactic means which are used in the non-poetical forms of discourse (prose, rhetoric, etc.), but the syntax is adapted to the norms of versification as much as possible. Secondly, emphatic syntactic construction is integrated into the verse structures and harmonized with the phonetic standards of poetry. Thirdly, the special poetical syntax is characterized with terseness of phrases and clauses, as well as rhythm-syntactic discrecity of a poetical line. In combination with semantic, rhythmic and phonetic devices, these specificities create possibilities for hypersematization of elements of language and strengthening of emotional expressivity in the poetical text. The main conclusion of the article is: in the poetical discourse syntax has two functions, both of which are realized in close interaction with the rhythm-phonetic system of the verse – coherent and emphatic functions. This interaction yields some specificities of the poetical syntax: the preference for short constructions (including ellipsis), the freer word-order (in comparison with prose), and the measured syntagmatic discrecity. The most intensively the means of semantic and emotional expressivity are used just in poetry.

113-122

Authors: Shchyhlo, L. V.

The main point of this article is discourse analysis as a tool for translation and for linguistic research. Discourse analysis is productive for translation theory only if translation itself is an interdiscourse activity considering both linguistic and extralinguistic factors. Integrative translation studies make it possible to understand the translation process as a kind of cognitive translators’s activity taking into account the creativity of the language personality, as well as a whole range of factors that determine and accompany translation process. In linguistics, discourse analysis can also be a helpful tool for the translator. The author focuses on the correlation of the terms “text” and ”discourse”, on the semantic and lexicographical aspects of translation process. Keywords: discourse, text, discourse analysis, integrative approach, lexicography, translation.

130-137

Authors: Zhylenko, I.

The article deals with the publicistic heritage of the Norwegian writer Knut Hamsun. It is being pointed out that the thematic constituent is changing as the years go by. In his early works he pays attention to the evolution of the literature, gives lectures on the works of famous men of letters. The second period is devoted to themes of a village, youth, and social issues. Itinerary essays tell about other countries – Finland, Russia, Turkey, and Persia. The latest period of his creative work is political rhetoric in support of the Hitler’s policy and diary notes. Attention is paid to the genre peculiarities of the writer’s works. Keywords: worldview position, esthetic program, civilization advance

146-154

Authors: Kleymenova, T. V.

The article analyses the anti-war novelette of a little-known Ukrainian writer Ivan Sadovy “The Dance of Death”. National, social, psychological, philosophical, moral and ethical problems, ideas and style features of the work about the life of a western Ukraine village during World War I are determined. It is proved that the novelette “The Dance of Death” is a result of the writer's modernistic search. It clarifies the specific interpretation of war as nonsense, chaos that wants to destroy humanity and the peculiarities of the Ukrainian teacher image at the background of war reality. The author pays attention to autobiographical elements in the event presentation and in the main characters, and his inner world. It emphasizes the requirements of the author (teacher) to the teacher personality in difficult and dangerous conditions. Keywords: novelette, anti-war pathos, ideological and thematic originality, existential component of the style, an image of people's teacher.

163-169

Authors: Cherkashyna, T. Y.

The article is devoted to the theoretical study of the autobiography, autobiographical novel and autofictional novel as genres of the autobiographical writing. The author of the article establishes that autobiographical writing, as a component of the literary documentary works, is directed to the integration of factuality and fiction at all text levels. But different autobiographical genres have different degree of their correlation. A typical classic reference autobiography directs its attention to the criterion of the factuality. Truthfulness and realness are the basic characteristics of this genre, they are present at all its poetical levels. In the genre of autobiographical novel factual basis takes the shape of the literary work and has fictional traits. In the genre of an autofictional novel, there is an opposite tendency. Factuality becomes component of the fictional literary story. Keywords: autobiography, autobiographical novel, autofictional novel, factuality, fiction