The article substantiates that when commodity-capitalist relations of production are deliberately used by society for development of productive forces, they objectively act as productive forces of society while maintaining their materiality and objectivity. The case when the society uses relations of production just as the individual subject consciously uses means of production is analyzed. China’s modern economy is studied as the most extensive example of applying this principle in practice.
The article is devoted to the features of international medical tourism as a global segment of medical services. The most required by medical tourists types of treatment are considered. International medical tourism as a specific type of socially useful activity aimed at providing tourist services of medical and recreational nature in the form of temporary departure of an individual or group of persons abroad is explored. The methodology for calculating the medical tourism index is analyzed in detail. Based on the analysis of international experience, the most required by medical tourists types of treatment are identified. The main causes of the huge gap in the cost of medical services of the countries-leaders and states with newly-created markets are determined.
The article considers regional features of international migration in Europe, in particular, in the European Union and defines features of regional migration policy of the EU as an integration association. By results of analysis of Eurostat and the World Bank data the geographical structure of immigration and territorial distribution of migrants in the EU are defined. The dynamics of change in the human development index in the European Union at the stages of its enlargement is studied. It is identified that the EU enlargement reduced the average human development index in the alliance through the accession of countries with lower rates. The study analyzes the problems of external migration phenomenon development in Europe, including its advantages and disadvantages and related threats.
The article examines the main features inherent to meso-level of international integration formations representing network structures in intra-branch and inter-branch cooperation in the form of cross-border cluster systems encompassing macro-level and micro-level of integration of national economies. Possibilities of theory synthesis of international economic integration and cluster concept in economic area virtualization environment are revealed. Cluster approach is proved to be the most efficient mechanism to develop cross-border economic relations and represents, finally, a meso-level of competitive international integration systems and mandatory condition of quality advance for Ukrainian European integration. The essence and inner interrelations of cross-border network cluster are investigated as the growth factor of the European region competitiveness under the conditions of intensifying the integration processes and the necessity of enhancement of the role of periphery regions’ economy in the framework of cross-border cooperation. Within the context of European Union regional politics the strategic priorities of the spatial development of the European regions are stated on the basis of self-organization of “hybrid” network quasi integration institutions. Their role in the competitive recovery of the European regions in the light of Ukrainian perspectives of joining European Union is investigated.
The article considers the problems of value management tool formation that is adequate to modern management conditions in the mergers and acquisitions process of food industry enterprises. The main problems of non-public structures business valuation, to which the most domestic food enterprises are belong, are identified as a result of the monographic analysis. Highlighted problems require a theoretical and methodological solution. A theoretical basis for the business value toolkit of non-public companies for the purposes of the M&A market as the result of the empirical study is created. A methodical approach to determining discounts for the liquidity level of a business-purpose in mergers and acquisitions is proposed.
The conceptual approach to introduction of the client-oriented marketing at the enterprise in the sphere of entertainment and recreation is developed in the article. A step-by-step algorithm of implementation of client-orientation is formed and components of the each step are defined. Optimal tools for task resolution at different stages and in different functional area of implementation process of client-orientation are justified. It is proposed to use the methods of intramarketing, kaizen, work with points of contact, service-design, internal marketing and project management approach. The further directions of improvement and perspective researches of applied aspects of client-orientation implementation are defined.
The article considers financial and economic sustainability of enterprise from different perspectives, its types and factors that influence it. The approaches to the diagnosis of financial sustainability of the enterprise are briefly examined. The problems arising in carrying out of diagnostics of financial sustainability are determined. It is noted that it is possible to carry out the diagnostics of financial sustainability of the enterprise by means of cash flows. The study proposes to use cycles that can be characterized not only by the criteria of turnover, but also taking into account cash flows. It is proved that it is possible to conduct a diagnosis of financial sustainability using operational and financial cycles. Information provision for making the calculations is the financial statements of enterprise.
The article is devoted to topical issues of reforming the state mechanism of regulation of labor remuneration in Ukraine. The consequences of influence raising the minimum wage standard on the level of population incomes are investigated. It is determined that the existing methods for establishing state social standards require a new approach based on the real value of human resources in the labor market. It is proposed to use the average salary and the Kaitz index to calculate the social standard of the minimum wage. Recommendations to improve the mechanism of state regulation of labor remuneration in the direction of creating effective mechanisms of state guarantees and a balanced taxation system are formulated.
The article analyzes the dynamics of the main indicators characterizing the current state and trends of gender inequality in the labor market of Ukraine and Odessa region. The analysis of modern gender disparities is carried out. Practical recommendations on ways to ensure gender equality in the Ukrainian labor market are developed. The author found that gender segregation continues in the labor market of Ukraine and Odessa region, and employment rate and wages of women is lower than employment rate and wages of men. The implementation of gender priorities of employment policy is possible taking into account economic, social and institutional aspects. Ways to achieve gender parity in each component are proposed. Interrelation of these components and necessity of recommendations implementation simultaneously in all the dimensions are proven.
The economic fundamentals of the formation and accumulation of property as prerequisites for creating a base for wealth and its taxation are studied in the article. The primary forms of the wealth tax and their development in historical retrospective are reflected. The peculiarities of the wealth tax functioning in different countries of the world are considered on the example of European, Latin American and Asian countries. The dynamics of the wealth tax transformation is defined. The using of the wealth tax as a fiscal instrument in the state tax system is suggested.
The article proposes a scientific and practical methodology for planning of credit activity indicators of Ukrainian bank. As a result of the conducted research, it is substantiated: 1) the planning of the bank’s credit activity should determine future value of main indicators: size of loan portfolio (loans provided), costs of forming reserves for loans issued, interest income and the average interest rate on loans; 2) some calculated indicators are determined by other sections of the bank’s plan and enter the planning section of the bank’s credit activity as fixed values; 3) part of the values of the calculated indicators depends on the credit policy of the bank and can be determined by statistical methods or established as a subjective normative value (by decision of the bank’s governing bodies in accordance with the subjective assessment of the bank’s situation in the future); 4) the proposed methodology was tested using the example of Ukrainian bank.
The article considers the current state of pricing in Ukraine. The experience of developed countries with regard to increasing the efficiency of pricing and stabilizing domestic and external prices is studied. The tax system of Ukraine as a determining factor of inefficient national pricing is analyzed. The main problems of modern pricing and methods of state price regulation are determined, and ways of improving pricing in Ukraine are suggested. It is proposed to develop and legislatively adopt a national price strategy to ensure the interests of producers and consumers.
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