Griot : Revista de Filosofia

25-56

Authors: Marcelo de Sant’Anna Alves Primo

When Bayle reflects on the possibility of a speculative atheism, he argues accurately about shows that atheism can make a contribution to several theoretical discussions of order, as the question of free will, providence and evil, for example. If the philosopher Carla pronounced in favor of speculative atheism, he goes further and asserts a natural morality, which, based on common principles to all men, paves solidity and give its fundamental thesis from the Pensées diverses sur la comète: the association between atheism and virtue. Thus, Bayle explains and analyzes the various arguments and points of view regarding the status of speculative philosophical atheism.

65-83

Authors: Mizael José de Oliveira Filho Martins

This article promotes a reading on notions some of Contemporary thinkers that take into account the "practical of man about himself", by taking limits the theses Nietzsche’s mnemotechnical and Sloterdijk’s anthropotechnical, which have the aim was to show how the human "adaptation" the statutes socializing over millennia, but perceived intensively only since the nineteenth century. Processes of containment, care of man to man and domestication are exposed weaknesses pointing this being, as well as the new directions of Contemporary Philosophy before all human yearnings for control, maintenance and handling of life.

106-123

Authors: Gerson Vasconcelos Luz

Thomas Hobbes is a defender of the right of resistance. The positioning of the philosopher appears (implicit or explicit) in several passages of his writings about the political condition of man. Resistance is the same as not determined comply will; is refusing to practice actions even if rightly ordered. As the Hobbesian model, has a sovereign right to order what he wants his subjects. Therefore, the resistance should be analyzed from two main lines: the use of resistance in relation to the sword of justice and for the sword of war. In view of this, in Hobbes takes to ask: how is it possible that the use of the right of resistance of the subject is not set in unrighteousness before the unlimited power of the sovereign?

133-151

Authors: Pedro Miguel Sousa Santos

Theology tries to systematize and list what the revelation and faith bring to the believer about the issue of the meaning of history, pilgrimage through humanity’s time, thought as a whole. It emphasizes not so much the knowledge, but the spiritual state of happiness to which mankind must rise before the end of life on earth. Modern theorists don´t accept the theological proposal and they have the ambition of decentralizing the traditionally ordained history, by a Christocentric worldview. The historian, exempting himself from the faction, assumes rational discourse about human´s trajectory by a new interpretive framework core: the idea of humanity. Voltaire presents himself as the legitimate representative of this perspective. History, under the Voltairean prism, is placed as a problem and not as a dogmatical object, with characteristics of a final acquisition. The historical problem is to understand the current world and mankind inserted therein. The purpose of the present work was to bring, therefore, the theological proposal for history and its critique, developed by Voltaire, in order to highlight the originality of modern approach to the historical phenomenon.

173-188

Authors: Jonas Bach Junior

This article introduces the concept of metamorphosis according to the phenomenology of Goethe. The improvement of the phenomenological perception of nature is the foundation for the development of the interactional process between subject and object. The organic object requires appropriate modes of intentionality for their modes of presentation. The versatility o representations is a prerequisite for the development of phenomenological judgment that lets the being to manifest itself. The language becomes an instrument of approaching to the object. The concepts are applied in its transcendental dimension. The concept of metamorphosis apprehends the unity of the phenomenon in its multiple manifestations. The transitivity of the modes of manifestation of the organic being is expressed in the principle of metamorphosis.

205-215

Authors: Lucas Barreto Dias

The scope of this article is to present some considerations that allows us, based on Hannah Arendt’s thoughts, to make the debate deeper about the appearance’s primacy. Although the arguments’ extension that it could be bring into light, we will retain ourselves here to those concerned mostly to the concepts of thinking and being-alive, relating them frequently to the notions of world, reality/realness, understanding and truth. We start from the reflections presents substantially in The life of the mind to compose our proposal evoking in Arendt a phenomenological interpretation that designs the pertinence about what Arendt calls a phenomenical nature of the world, defending, in this way, the value of the surface in front of the metaphysical fallacies that Arendt intents to dismantle.

226-241

Authors: Gabriel Rodrigues Rocha

The paper presents and discusses two issues: the philosophy classes in Brazilian high school and the philosophy of Plato. The first issue is worked more as a consequence professional practice, however, not refraining from significant theoretical contributions. The second issue, this is, the philosophy of Plato, results from research on the Athenian philosopher, as can be found in its extensive production, and will directly contribute to the teaching practice of philosophy professionals engaged primarily in teaching basic education.

46-54

Authors: Joedson de Santana Oliveira

This work, following the route of the central work of Sartre and show that the for-itself, or consciousness, always intentional, or positional results that it reflects the world without getting anything in the world, ie, consciousness is empty of content, so it is nothing. It is upon questioning that awareness drives about herself that she is revealed as nothing or "full" of anything, we are situated by nihilism, however, it is not an external nihilism as Nietzsche put, but an internal nihilism as a result of our being nothing. How to "build" our parti be nothing? How to give meaning to the world out of nothing? It is in this atmosphere of loneliness and anguish that bad faith is presented as a refuge and relief valve to nausea that plagues us. In this context, I intend to discuss the reflections of Sartre who go to the consciousness as nothing to bad faith.

75-87

Authors: Erika Lipcen

This paper aims to analyze an extract from The case of Wagner, where Nietzsche condenses some issues about the relation between Wagner, decadence and psychology. The condensed character of his statements entails several questions, which we seek to elucidate. Firstly, we explore why Nietzsche argues that Germans misunderstood Wagner and how this is related to the fact that they have never been psychologists. Secondly, we examine why Nietzsche maintains that there is an affinity between Wagner and the French décadence. To explain these issues we refer to a central source of Nietzsche’s philosophy: Paul Bourget’s Essais de psychologie contemporaine. Finally, we present a tension we find between Nietzsche’s critical diagnosis of the decadence and the psychological practice he defends.

147-158

Authors: Marcelo Masson Maroldi

Robert Brandom proposes a model of social interaction in which the practical attitudes of language users institute the semantic content and the inferential norms that determine their use. Then, he describes a linguistic practice characterized by assertions, that shows how the attitudes of agents, considering the assertions being produced and consumed, should be understood to institute inferentially articulated content. Moreover, Brandom relates the assertive practice and the inferential understanding of semantic content to a rationalist paradigm, suggesting that the contents in assertions are what can be offered or asked, within the practice of language use, as reasons. Considering all that, this paper aims to discuss and relate the concepts of "assertion", "inference" and "reason", such as Brandom understands them.

181-190

Authors: José João Neves Barbosa Vicente

The purpose of this article is to reflect on the “being and essence” terms as they appear in the text of Thomas Aquinas and explain the meaning of the affirmation "the being and essence are what is first conceived by the intellect”.

221-234

Authors: Diego Reis

This article discusses the categorizations made operational by public policies of exception and restraint of violence, regarding the construction of a certain "identity of terror", that is: a classificatory and universalizing arrangement that plays an essential role in identifying groups – allegedly “dangerous” – with terror. Therefore, we analyze three examples of different circumstances involving [terrorists] attacks, and the official treatment received by them in concern of their nature. It is intended, thus, to associate the extent of identities and social representations to public security policies, legitimizing the establishment of mechanisms for exception, and security and management devices, which extend from the population itself to those across the globe.

265-281

Authors: José Gladstone Almeida Júnior

Certainly consciousness is something extremely familiar and, at the same time, enigmatic for us. Its phenomenal aspect, called phenomenal consciousness, imposes a number of barriers to reductionists approaches proposed by physicist/functionalist framework. Such are the difficulties raised by phenomenal consciousness to that reductionists approaches that the problems concerning that aspect of consciousness are the “hard problem of consciousness”. Thus, this paper has three aims: first of all, to demonstrate the necessity to distinguish two concepts concerning to two different aspects of consciousness; posteriorly, as consequence of distinction between two concepts of consciousness, will be exposed the problems related to both concepts; finally, we will advocate about the existence of an explanatory gap between explanations derived from reductionists theories and the phenomenal consciousness.