Centro Agrícola

12-16

Authors: Katia Ojito-Ramos, René Cupull Santana, Orelvis Portal

e soil microbiota plays an important role in agricultural ecosystems, so it is essential to protect it. To safely apply fungicides of natural origin such as hydroalcoholic extracts of Citrus spp., that present antifungal activity against tomato phytopathogenic fungi, it is necessary to determine the effect of these on the soil microorganisms. e extracts were obtained by ultrasound extraction and the microbiological analysis of the substrate under study was carried out aer their application. Bacteria, total fungi, actinomycetes, azotobacter and cellulolytic fungi were evaluated. e extracts did not show any negative effects on the soil microbiota, so they could be used in the agroecological control of tomato diseases.

22-31

Authors: Fernando Antonio Sernaqué Auccahuasi, Lilian Huaman Mogollón, Hugo Pecho Chipa, Michiel Chacón Chacón

Bioplastics have been created as an eco-efficient alternative to traditional plastic. They are obtained from natural polymers extracted from cellulose or starch, and are 100 % biodegradable. The aim of this research is to analyse the biodegradability of bioplastics made from Mangifera indica and Musa paradisiaca peels for which the research was divided into two parts: preparation of the bioplastic and biodegradability test. In the first stage, a methodology based on the addition of plasticizers such as water and glycerol were used. It is here where bioplastics were elaborated with different volumes of glycerol, to obtain unequal physical characteristics. In the last stage, worm humus was used as a degradation medium, the time range used to estimate the biodegradability of the sheets was 1 to 4 weeks. Finally, it was determined that the bioplastic made from mango peel had a reduction of 93.06 % in its initial weight and the bioplastic made from banana peel had a 73.16 % reduction in its initial weight at the end of the study. Based on the different volumes in the addition of glycerol for the preparation of the bioplastic, it was determined that it has a direct relationship with the biodegradability of the film, since the greater the amount of glycerol, this will increase the biodegradability of the films.

42-53

Authors: Amanda Lucía Vitlloch Ramos, Julio León Cabrera

The floristic inventory and the study of the vegetation of the Caletón de Don Bruno was carried out with the aim of show the values of the flora and vegetation in this locality. The floristic list of species and vegetation characterization is offered, as well as the current habitat situation. The studies show an area of high floristic richness composed of 164 species of phanerogam plants with 14,63 % of endemism. Among endemic species, two are exclusive to the area. The main plants formations identified were the coastal and sub-coastal xeromorphic scrub and the evergreen microphyllous forest. The most frequent threats of anthropic origin are forest fires and illegal logging, with an impact on the loss of habitat quality and the vulnerability of several species.

65-72

Authors: Ramón Sánchez Sanchez, Osmany Lugo González

The porcine maintenance activity is a very important issue to keep the machines, equipment’s, places and technical webs and other tangible fixed assets to obtain the reduction about any break; reparations and to try to keep longer the actives stablished, by using the sources and energy. And with all that reduce the maintenance installation cost. All this give better result regarding quality and efficiency on the services. There is a corresponding between procedure, execution and the corresponding plan on actions to get the porcine enterprise on Villa Clara, much better. It starts in all process about necessity and importance on maintenance, the controls made and the followings base on the changes platform. The materials and methods used on the diagnostic of maintenance activity are supported by an instrument denominated maintenance audit, the cause-effect diagram, the analysis of the indexes of conformity of the maintenance and the itinerate administration for the different areas of the enterprise. Inside the main results of the investigation the implemented procedure is shown, the indexes of conformity for each one of the areas of maintenance audits, the diagram of the main primary and secondary causes that affect the maintenance and the group of given lines for getting a better position on those activities.

81-89

Authors: Marta Barrera Fontanet, Gerardo Javier Cervera Duverger, Odalis Barquié Pérez, Juan Terrero Bory

The sugar cane massif of the Argeo Martínez Sugar Company in Guantánamo province is affected by the woody species Dichrostachys cinerea (L.) Wight & Arn (marabou) and Leucaena leucocephala (Lam.) De Wit. (leucaena), those that invade sugarcane plantations in the territory, sharing living space, water, light and nutrients while making harvest difficult. In order to determine the degree of affectation and frequency of appearance of the woody, exotic and invasive species D. cinerea and L. leucocephala and to represent the spatial distribution, the study was carried out in the sugarcane areas based on the weed survey of the PCMalezas between the years 2006-2018. The results of the frequency of appearance showed that these species are scattered in 96 blocks of 8 producing units, distributed in 2,723.09 ha of sugarcane with a predominance of the degree of slight affectation and number of incidence as weeds. 4. The statistical analysis of the frequency of appearance, showed a significant difference between the species of woody plants. It was observed in the spatial distribution, that the northwest and southeast region of the sugarcane agricultural area presents a higher incidence of invasion of the species studied.