Centro Agrícola

5-13

Authors: Germán Andrés Aguilera-Arango ,Álvaro Caicedo-Arana,Darwin Fabian Lombo-Ortiz ,Dubert Yamil Cañar-Serna, Mónica Betancourt-Vásquez

Context. Pomegranate (Punica granatum L.) is considered a promising fruit for its nutritional value and medicinal attributes. In Colombia, interest is recently perceived in this species, so there is a growing demand in obtaining planting material. However, there are no adequate propagation schemes, which limits the planting potential in this country. Objective. To evaluate the effect of the diameter of the pomegranate basal cuttings sown in different environments on the percentage of survival to establish a preliminary vegetative propagation methodology for this specie under nursery conditions. Methods. 405 pomegranate cuttings cv. Mina Shirin were collected, classified in three categories according to their diameter in thin, medium and thick, which were evaluated in three different environments (100 % sun exposure, 50 % sun exposure and humid chamber with 10 % sun exposure) for a total of nine treatments, each with three repetitions of 15 cuttings. Results. Significant differences were found regarding the type of cutting, because those who presented diameters greater than 1.2 cm showed greater potential for vegetative propagation of pomegranate. Regarding the environments evaluated, there were also significant differences, the best of which was the humid chamber, where a survival rate of 40.74 % was found. Conclusions. The establishment of an efficient pomegranate vegetative propagation methodology with quality attributes is projected soon, using basal cuttings with diameters greater than 1.2 cm.

23-32

Authors: Diana González-AguiarAriany Colás-SánchezOralia Rodríguez-LópezDelia Luisa Álvarez-VázquezSirley Gattorno-MuñozAhmed Chacón-Iznaga

The investigation was developed in the agricultural company “Valley del Yabú” located in Santa Clara, Villa Clara province. The objective was to estimate the soil organic matter content with the use of visible and near infrared (vis-NIR) reflectance spectroscopy technique in Cambisol soil. Soil samples were collected at the landscape level to conform the calibration set and in two specific fields to constitute the validation sets. A portable spectrophotometer was used in the wavelength range from 399 to 1697 nm. Reflectance data were related to soil organic matter using partial least squares regression (PLSR). The model accuracy was determined by means of the determination coefficient (R2). Results showed that the reflectance lectures varied with the wavelength and there was an increment from the visible region (379 - 780 nm), to the near infrared region (780 - 1700 nm). The vis-NIR calibration model accuracy obtained at the landscape level was evaluated of good and very good with R2 values of 0.89 and 0.90 respectively when it was validated in the selected specific fields, which showed the correct estimation of the soil organic matter content.

43-50

Authors: Pável Oriol Rodríguez Vázquez ,Fernando Franco Flores

Vascular plants Type specimens, housed since the first half of the twentieth century at Cienfuegos Botanical Garden Herbarium “Atkins”, in Cuba, formerly directed by the Arnold Arboretum of the Harvard University, are listed. The Historic Section of this collection has more than eighty botanists, authors of several publications, and contains duplicates in important international herbaria. The present research has the objective of detect their samples on which specie’s names were based. Types designated in the labels were confirmed consulting other herbaria and literature. Furthermore, botanist represented in our collection, were search in other herbaria. Results was 51 Types specimens, belong to 31 species, 19 genera and 15 botanical families; widespread in 15 herbaria with 118 duplicates. Was added, references of publication, distribution, and Endangered Category. Coccothrinax (Arecaceae) species are outstanding, while main collectors were Brother León, J. G. Jack, R. A. Howard and J.P. Carabia. This report raises the possibility of taxonomic studies of the Cuban Flora collections. The AJBC collection may contain other unidentified samples with taxonomic value, so it is important to continue its analysis.

59-65

Authors: Mariol Morejón Garcia ,Sergio Carrodeguas Díaz ,Félix Ponce Ceballos ,Francisco Gonzales Breijo ,Yoerlandy Santana Baños ,Danny Velázquez Ceballos ,Yosbel López Quintana

The research was conducted at the "El Jaguey" belonging to the Cooperative Credit and Service "Ramón López Peña" of the Council Popular Cortés, Sandino, Pinar de Río, with the aim of determining vegetative and yield development in five cultivars of onion (Allium cepa L.). The established cultivars were ‘Caribe 71’, ‘Diandra F1’, ‘Regent F1’, ‘Red Creole’ and ‘Texas Early Grain E 502’, which were distributed in a completely randomized block design with three replications. The planting was carried out in rows, at a distance of 0.30 x 0.10 m, with homogeneous seedlings of each cultivar. Evaluations were carried out at 32 and 60 days after transplantation, where the variables plant height, number of active leaves, diameter of the false stem and total fresh mass were characterized. At harvest time, the fresh mass, the equatorial and polar diameters and the humidity were determined in the bulbs. The crop yield was also estimated. The results showed greater vegetative development in the cultivars 'Texas Early Grano E 502' and 'Red Creole', although the former reached yields above 35 t ha-1 and significantly exceeded the other cultivars. The equatorial diameter of the bulb determined its fresh mass in more than 85%, with the exception of the cultivar 'Texas Early Grano E 502', while the percentage of humidity of the bulb exceeded 75% in all cases and was influenced by the color of the same.

75-79

Authors: Ariany Colás Sánchez ,Ahmed Chacón Iznaga, Pedro Cairo Cairo

The study was carried out to evaluate the structure and quality of two soil subtypes Eutric Cambisols and Vertic Eutric Cambisols, in the Villa Clara province, in areas of anthropic influence. Through the morphological characterization of the profiles and the land cover, that included the evaluation of physical and chemical indicators. The results obtained revealed, notable differences in the morphology of the profiles, which are not significantly associated with the different management systems, but they are attributed to the characteristics of each subtype.