International Dental Journal of Student Research

Number 4, 2017

91-95
Evaluation of changes in maxillary arch dimensions, Posterior Transverse Inter Arch Discrepancy (PTID), upper and lower incisor inclination in patients with and without adeno/tonsillectomy: A quasi experimental study

Authors: Burhan Showkat, Jayesh S. Rahalkar, Sandeep Jethe, Ravindra Manerikar.

Abstract

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The benefits of Adenotonsillectomy on Dentofacial development have been observed both in cross-sectional and longitudinal studies in children and adults. Obstructive hypertrophy of the tonsils and adenoids can lead to facial imbalances, such as horizontal position of the mandible, raised position of the head, low posture of the hyoid bone and anterior inferior position of the tongue. In our study we evaluated the changes in maxillary arch dimensions, posterior transverse inter arch discrepancy, upper and lower incisor inclination in patients with and without Adeno/tonsillectomy. Three groups were formed: Group I:(n=10) = participants indicated for (Adeno/tonsillectomy) but did not proceed with the same. Group II: (n=10) = participants undergoing tonsillectomy. Group III: (n=10) =participants undergoing Adeno tonsillectomy. The duration of study was 20 months. Result: Maxillary Arch Dimensions increased, PTID decreased, Upper and Lower incisors retroclined when evaluated before and 9 months after Adeno/tonsillectomy procedure, while exactly opposite results were observed in the control group. Conclusion: All the results suggested that Adeno/tonsillectomy procedures carried out at the right time (pre-pubertal) has overall positive effects on the dental arch dimensions. It prevents many forms of malocclusion from developing on one hand and on the other it also helps in correcting certain forms of malocclusion, if left untreated the obstruction of the airway has deleterious effects on overall facial profile.

96-99
Career choices and future challenges: A cross sectional study among upcoming Indian dentists

Authors: Sajith Abraham, Sheethal Joy, Subair. K, Melwin Mathew, Ashitha Mohandas.

Abstract

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Register Introduction: Disparity in distribution of dental manpower across rural urban settings is a major challenge in India’s current dental scenario. Both the systems of dental education and dental health care service delivery hold a pivotal role in overcoming these challenges. Dental health infrastructure distribution, job opportunities and quality of service plays an integral role in molding future decisions in choosing dentistry as career choices. Aims: To determine the current perceptions among upcoming dentists in choosing dentistry as a career and their future aspirations. This study also aims to foresee future challenges in dentistry and also helps to explore the remedial suggestions recommended by upcoming dentists. Materials and Methods: A crossectional study was carried out among dental students in a private dental college setting at Mahe, Union territory of Pondicherry in South India. A pretested self administered questionnaire was distributed to fourth year and internship going dental students. Results: Of 215 potential participants; 203 completed the questionnaire [females (n= 165) and males (n= 38)]. In choosing dentistry as career, 31.5% chose dentistry due to passion for profession, 22.7% due to their only option obtained in entrance exams, 13.7% due to proximity of college to hometown, 13.3 % to fulfil parent’s aspirations and nearly 10.3% due to acceptance in the society. Regarding future aspirations after post-graduation 42.4% planned to work as specialists, 30% planned to work as faculty in government dental colleges and only few students chose working as faculty in private dental college [3.9%]. Nearly 15 % planned to work as dental clinician in dental clinic. The future challenges foreseen in dentistry as a profession by the upcoming dentists, 36.5% gave increased number of dental graduates passing out each year as the major challenge. Regarding suggestions on remedial strategies to meet future challenges 36.5% suggested reduction of number of dental seats sanctioned, 19.7% suggested to create job vacancies in public health sector, 17.7% suggested strict regulatory enforcement by the Dental Council of India [DCI] as the major responses. Conclusion: Research into motivations and future expectations of upcoming dental workforce might provide insights to make time bound policy level changes for establishment of an effective dental health system.

100-108
Stress, stressors and psychological disturbances in undergraduate students at a dental college in Jammu and Kashmir: A cross-sectional study

Authors: Vibhuti Kaul, Rudra Kaul, Rimsha Ahmed, Satvinder Singh, Shafait Ullah Khateeb.

Abstract

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Context: Stress is a “double-edged sword” that can either make or break an individual. Dental education is notorious for being stressful for its students causing various degrees of physical and emotional distress which can eventually lead to burnout. Aim: To identify the perceived sources of stress amongst a cohort of students performing clinical tasks in a college in the troubled state of Jammu and Kashmir. Settings and Design: A descriptive cross-sectional quantitative study was designed for this purpose with a questionnaire which was distributed amongst BDS students. Materials and Methods: A five-point Likert Scale item modified dental environment stress (DES) questionnaire comprising of 44 questions pertaining to different stressor domains was administered to 185 students belonging to third year, fourth year and internship. Statistical Analysis Used: Responses were analyzed using two-way analysis of variance (ANOVA). Statistical significance was set at P value of less than 0.05. Results and Conclusion: Fear of failing a course was reported to be the most stressful by the students with insecurity concerning the professional future and patients not being available at prescribed times for treatment or examination following. Other stressors were most in the “moderately stressful” part of the spectrum. Financial responsibilities was surprisingly among the least stressful along with certain other stressors such as having children at home and marital/relationship adjustment problems. Conclusion: Most of the stressors identified mirror most of the national and international studies while some were found to be in contrast to the reports. An identification of these stressors amongst this cohort reestablishes the fact that it is high time that reforms were introduced into the present dental education methodology to help the students in coping with stress and to further optimize their output.

109-112
“Keles transpalatal arch for molar derotation”- Clinical discussion

Authors: Devaki Vijayalakshmi, Saloni Garg, Ratna Parameswaran, Srinivasan Boovaraghavan.

Abstract

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Aim: The aim of the article is to describe the effect of Keles Trans Palatal Arch (TPA) on unilateral and bilateral molar rotation illustrated with two case reports. Method: Unilateral and bilateral maxillary first permanent molars de-rotation were performed in two cases using Keles appliance system which consists of the precision lingual hinge cap and TPA made of TMA wire. (0.032 × 0.032") (Ormco, Orange, CA). A 20 degree activation is given to the rotating part/terminal end(s) of the TPA every fourth week until rotation is completely corrected. The de-rotation achieved and change in the intermolar width are assessed using digital cast analysis performed by Ilexis FACAD (AB-2014 version 3.8.00) software and by comparing the pre and post maxillary occlusal radiographs with marker wires. Result: Pre and post values showed that the de-rotation is achieved in both cases. Inter-molar width showed no significant changes in both cases, suggestive of minimal/no expansion. Conclusion: The Keles TPA resulted in better transverse molar control during molar de-rotation owing to its superior precision self-locking design. When Keles TPA is used in correction of unilateral molar rotation, it causes successful de-rotation on the affected side and minimum or no changes on the unaffected side