Journal of World's Poultry Research

Number 1, 2014

01-04
Performance of Vanaraja Birds under Different Climatic Parameters

Authors: Irfan Akram Baba

Abstract

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Present study was conducted to study the effect of some climatic parameters on the performance of Vanaraja birds reared under intensive and backyard systems. Performance of Vanaraja (dual purpose) birds under the environmental conditions such as temperature, relative humidity and Temperature Humidity Index (THI) was studied in summer in Jammu region of Jammu and Kashmir. 120 birds were equally distributed and reared for eight weeks in two groups: intensive (inside shed) and semi intensive (outside shed). Each group was having four replicates of 15 birds each. Based upon average daily dry and wet bulb temperatures, THI values for outside and inside the shed were calculated. The overall average temperature, relative humidity, THI, mortalities, water intake, weight gain, feed consumption, and feed conversion ratio by the birds in intensive (inside shed) and semi intensive (outside shed) systems up to eight weeks of age were; 37.02 and 37.63 o C, 62.18 and 66.61 %, 84.5 and 83.85, 2.4 and 1.7, 1300.3+6.77 and 1055.92± 7.32 ml, 173.27 ± 6.78 and 170.84 ± 5.21 g, 398.02 ± 5.66 and 327.90 ± 7.11 g, 2.24± 0.112.0 and 2 ± 0.12 respectively. THI values for outside and inside the shed suggested that the birds were in stress during the experiment. It was concluded that during the extremes of temperature and relative humidity the performance of the Vanaraja birds was less.

05-09
Effect of Liquid Probiotics Mixed Culture Supplements through Drinking Water on Laying Hens Performance and Yolk Cholesterol

Authors: Sesotya Raka Pambuka

Abstract

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he effects of Liquid Probiotic Mixed Culture (LPMC) on laying hens performance were studied. One hundred twenty eight 44-wk-old Isa Brown layers were randomly divided into 2 groups with 64 laying hens or layers in two groups. Layers in first group were fed with commercial feed as antibiotic contained diets; the other fed with self-mixed feed as antibiotic free diets. Both of groups had different LPMC level: control, 0.15 %, 0.30 % and 0.45 % of LPMC (v/v) added in water fount. The method used in this research was completely randomized design and followed by Duncan’s multiple tests. The results showed better improvements on antibiotic free diets in decreasing yolk cholesterol (P<0.01). LPMC supplementation did not improve performances either on antibiotic free and commercial diets. Increased level of LPMC supplementation did not give significant effect on feed and water consumption, hen day production, egg weight, feed conversion, whereas overall variables had improvement tendency numerically and commercial feed groups had better performances than antibiotic free diets. LPMC supplementation did not improve layers performance but could be substitute antibiotics.

10-19
The Effect of Dietary Supplementation of Some Antioxidants on Performance, Oxidative Stress, and Blood Parameters in Broilers under Natural Summer Conditions

Authors: Samar Sayed Tawfeek

Abstract

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Number of views: 460

The aim of the study was to evaluate the effects of dietary supplementation with some antioxidants (vitamins & minerals) against the deleterious impacts of heat stress on broilers. One hundred and twenty eight broiler chicks were randomly assigned into 4 dietary groups with 4 replicates (8 chicks each). The chicks were raised for 6 weeks under natural summer months (36 °C and 75% RH) during which the birds received either a basal diet only (control group), or the basal diet supplemented with either 250 mg vitamin C+ 250 mg vitamin E/ kg diet, or organic microminerals: 40 mg Zn + 0.30 mg Se/ kg diet, or with 0.50 mg Cr/kg diet. Another group of birds which consists of 32 broiler chicks (4 replicates, 8 birds each) was reared under natural autumn conditions (25 C° and 67% RH) and fed on the same control diet. This group was used to stand out the effects of heat stress per se through comparing its results with those of the previous control one. It was found that high ambient temperature severely reduced body weight, feed intake, and feed efficiency as well as increased abdominal fat and mortality rate. However the supplementation of antioxidants was able to alleviate many of these effects. The heat stress condition significantly increased serum cholesterol, glucose, and malondialdehyde and decreased protein and glutathione peroxidase. Even though, the used supplements improved the blood profile parameters and the oxidative status of birds. The present results indicate that the supplementation of diets with antioxidants, especially vitamins and chromium, is necessary to overcome the deleterious effects of heat stress on broilers’ performance.

20-29
Prevalence, Antibio-Resistance and Risk Factors for Salmonella in Broiler Turkey Farms in the Province of Khémisset (Morocco)

Authors: Abdellah El Allaoui

Abstract

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Number of views: 435

The problem of contamination of poultry by salmonella in addition to the increase of antimicrobial resistance in Salmonella is of a great importance both in the field of public health as well as in the socio-economic sector of the country because of the damage it can cause, but no studies have been conducted so far in Morocco to determine the risk factors of Salmonella contamination in broiler turkey farms. In order to determine the statute of the broiler turkey farms (n= 20) with respect to the contamination by Salmonella, three visits were paid to each livestock buildings. A batch of 10 pools of 5 droppings per breeding by visit were collected (n= 600) and analyzed. All Salmonella (n= 62) isolates were serotyped, confirmed by the presence of virulence gene (invasion) and tested for the resistance to 15 antimicrobial agents by the agar diffusion method. In parallel, an analytical study was carried out to investigate risks factors of Salmonella contamination in these farms. The rate of insulation of Salmonella is important (35 %) and the isolated serotypes are worrying: 36 S. Kentucky, 15 S. Saintpaul, 8 S. Parkroyal and 3 S. Ruzizi River. They have relatively high rates of resistance to tetracycline (79 %) and streptomycin (72.5 %), followed by resistance to nalidixic acid (37.1 %), ciprofloxacin (33.9 %), ampicillin (33.8 %), spectinomycin (32.3 %), trimethoprim (30.6 %) to trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole (24.2 %), gentamicin (21 %), kanamycin (17.7 %) and amoxicillin + clavulanic acid (16.1%). Three strains of S. Agona expanded spectrum betalactamase producing which have a high level of resistance to ceftriaxone with a minimum inhibitory concentration (CMI) of 16 µg/ml. The variables associated with this contamination are related to the duration of crawlspace (p = 0,037), treatment with antibiotics (p = 0.001) and the contamination of turkeys poults (p = 0.002) dice implementation, The storage of manure inside the livestock building (p = 0.003), The conservation of turkeys inside the rearing building (p = 0,009) in the breeding season (p = 0.001) and age of turkeys sample (p = 0.01). The high level of antibiotic resistance of Salmonella isolates in the present study, showed the possible Significance of turkey as a source of multiple antimicrobial-resistant Salmonella for human infections.