Rybohospodars'ka nauka Ukrayiny (Fisheries Science of Ukraine)

5-21

Authors: O. Honcharova, P. Kutishchev, Ye. Кorzhov, Yu. Kovalov

Purpose. To study the effect of the feed factor on the functional state of the carp body (Cyprinus carpio L.) under the conditions of growing in a model recirculation system of complex purpose with the use of intensive technologies. Methodology. The experimental part of the study was performed at the laboratory of the Scientific and Research Lab “Aquaculture Perspectives”, Scientific and Research Laboratory of “Physiological and Biochemical Studies named after S. Pentelyuk”, Scientific and Research Laboratory of Ecological and Chemical Analysis and Water Monitoring of the State Education Institution “Kherson State Agrarian and Economical University” and at the laboratory of the “Kherson Production and Experimental Hatchery of Ordinary Fish Breeding”. Carp growing was carried out in the model installation of tanks recirculation type with using intensive technologies, alternative energy sources, method of gas-discharge visualization. During the experiment following was performed: clinical examination of fish, control of growth rate and weight gain, survival rate, physiological state and morpho-functional parameters of blood in accordance with conventional methods. Findings. The general functional state of the organism of the common carp Cyprinus carpio L. in ontogenesis was investigated against the background of activation of adaptive-compensatory mechanisms, metabolic processes under the influence of the food factor under rearing conditions in a model system for complex purposes in aquaculture. Positive results of analysis of morpho-functional, biochemical parameters of carp blood were obtained when feeding with a feed mixture from natural fodder and biologically active substances. The degree of influence of the fodder factor as a corrector of metabolic processes in the carp organism when growing the marketable mass has been studied. Originality. The conducted analysis of gas-discharge visualization of static GDV-gram parameters of optoelectronic emission of young-of-the-year carp showed differences in functional activity in the organism of fish from the experimental group in relation to the control group, which was also substantiated and argumentative by the parameters of carp blood and development rate. Practical value. The proposed method of feeding carp in the recirculation system contributes to the correction of metabolic processes in their body, which makes it possible to reduce the cost through the use of natural feed, the cultivation of which is introduced into the recirculation system, the formation of a mixture of our own production, using the GDV-method diagnostics of objects and energy-saving elements in technological map.

39-55

Authors: A. Koziy

urpose. Tosubstantiate scientifically and improve the technology of producing table caviar from ovulated sterlet eggs, which ensures the preservation of natural biologically active compounds and the stability of quality parameters. To investigate table caviar for microbiological, toxicological and toxico-biological safety. To determine the prospect of using the data in the practice of caviar sturgeon breeding. Methodology. Primary materials were obtained in the conditions of «Oasis Bisan» JSC. The results obtained were processed by organoleptic, biochemical, microbiological, toxicological, toxic-biological methods, as well as by the method of variation statistics using MS Excel with an emphasis on standard errors. Findings. Application of the heat treatment mode (78°C) of ovulated sterlet eggs while reducing the total time of the technological process to 1.0 minute contributes to the preservation of the integrity of food product components. Sterlet eggs from recirculated aquaculture system differed from a similar product from fish from natural waters by a lower mineral content (by 1.2%), an increased content of dry matter (by 8.1%), protein (by 7.5%) and lipids (by 3.7%). This fact indicates a decrease in the water content of the product and the acquisition of optimal gastronomic qualities. Sterlet caviar proteins were found to contain a full set of essential amino acids, the chemical score of which exceeded 100%; no limiting amino acids were found. Comparative analysis of sterlet caviar from recirculated aquaculture systems and from natural habitats showed the absence of significant differences in the amino acid composition, which demonstrated the biological value of the product. The use of the mode of short-term high-temperature heat treatment allows ensuring sufficient safety of the food product. The absence of E. coli and yeast in caviar was found. Pb, Cd, As and Hg contents in sterlet caviar were significantly lower than the maximum permissible levels. The total value of hexachloran and isomers was 0,0027mg/kg; DDT and metabolites – 0,016 mg/kg, polychlorinated biphenyls – 0,017 mg/kg and corresponded to permissible limits. The absence of altered forms, growth inhibition or death of tetrachimens confirms the toxicological safety of the finished product. The shelf life of the finished product without preservative is 6 months at a storage temperature of minus 2°C – minus 4°C, which parametrically meets the requirements of TU U 10.2-37758242-002: 2018. Originality. The technology of processing ovulated sterlet caviar has been scientifically substantiated and experimentally tested. New data on the comparison of the results of classical pasteurization and short-term high-temperature heat treatment of caviar are presented. For the first time, the amino acid composition of sterlet caviar was studied under conditions of recirculated aquaculture systems, and the analysis of grainy caviar for hexachloran and isomers, DDT and metabolites, and polychlorinated biphenyls was carried out. Information on the chemical composition of caviar in the process of technological processing was clarified and supplemented. Practical value. The advantage of the improved technology of processing raw caviar over the classical method of pasteurization was determined. The expediency of using an alternative technology in order to save energy and preserve traditional organoleptic properties, nutritional value and safety of the finished product were experimentally confirmed. On the basis of the results of the studies carried out, the technical documentation of TU «Technological instruction for the production of granular sturgeon caviar» and «Working instruction for the selection of caviar» were developed and agreed in accordance with the established procedure with the bodies and institutions of the State Sanitary and Epidemiological Surveillance and the State Standard. The developed technology was tested in the development of pilot batches of food sterlet caviar, which made it possible at the «Oasis Bisan» enterprise to introduce a food safety management system and conduct a certification audit by the International certification body TUV SUD for compliance with the International standard ISO 22000: 2005. Commission, the «Oasis Bisan» enterprise received an EU registration number: a-UA-14-20-121-VIII-PP, in connection with which it has the right to export products (sturgeon caviar) to the countries of the European Union.

66-79

Authors: U. Kuts’, H. Kurinenko

Purpose. To provide a comparative analysis of fisheries and biological parameters of young-of-the-year wild carp-domestic carp hybrids obtained from males of different genetic origin by natural spawning method, with subsequent use in industrial hybridization. Methodology. Cultivation was carried out in pond conditions of the Lviv Research Station of the Institute of Fisheries of NAAS. Material for the study were young-of-the-year wild carp-domestic carp hybrids obtained from age-8 and 9 males of Amur wild carp of different genesis. Stocking density of 4-day larvae in nursery ponds was 20 thousand ind./ha. Growth rate was evaluated by using absolute, relative, daily and specific growth rate according to I.I. Schmalhausen. Feeding of fish was carried out with ground grain, starting from the first decade of July. Statistical processing of the material was performed in Microsoft Excel 2016. Criteria for the analysis of parameters were their average value and arithmetic mean error (M ± m). Findings. According to performed studies, young-of-the-year wild carp-domestic carp hybrids obtained from Amur wild carp males of different genesis in terms of dynamics of weight accumulation and linear growth, survival, fish productivity, hybrids obtained from cryo-males were not inferior to young-of-the-year wild carp-domestic carp obtained from local males. However, according to the main body-build indices, they had similar values but were slightly inferior. Originality. For the first time in Ukraine, a comparative analysis of fisheries and biological parameters of young-of-the-year wild carp-domestic carp hybrids obtained from males of different genetic origin in terms of industrial hybridization was performed. Practical value. The results of this work will provide a comprehensive assessment of fish and biological parameters of young-of-the-year wild carp-domestic carp hybrids obtained from Amur wild carp males of different genetic origin and justify their use in breeding work for further reproduction in breeding farms and to obtain industrial hybrids.

94-111

Authors: K. Namiq, Sh. S. Mahmood, N. M. Abdulrahman, B. R. Hassan, A. A. Sadraddin, R. M. Rashed

Purpose. Qualitative study of fillets of common carp (Cyprinus carpio L.)fed with natural powder of water fern (Azollafiliculoides) and comparison with previous studies. Methodology. The proximate composition of the samples of fish fillets was done: protein content through Kjeldahl method, lipid content was determined according to AOAC (Association of Official Analytical Chemists) official method.Sensory evaluations were done by panelists. Methods for determining water holding capacity, cooking losses and biochemical analysis were standard, accepted in the world scientific community. Findings. Dissimilarities in the composition of proteins and fats were revealed. There was a significant difference in water holding capacity, cooking losses and biochemical analysis results. According to research, the powder of water fern is recommended for use in the feeding of carp, in order to improve the quality of its fillets. Originality. In recent years, a significant amount of research has focused on the use of plants or their extracts in fish nutrition, due to the presence of antioxidants in them. Water fern powder is one of the cheapest dietary supplements, which can be used in aquaculture to reduced spending on cultivation, contemporaneously improving fish health. This is due to the fact that these aquatic plants are widespread in water bodies of most warm countries and contain many important antioxidants that can positively affect the quality of fish fillets. Practical value. Based on the data obtained, a method for improving the quality of carp fillets has been developed. So, using water fern powder in its feeding, it is possible to improve the biochemical composition, increase taste, reduce losses during cooking, and also adjust the ability to retain water. Therefore, the proposed diet is also very useful for processing aquaculture products.

123-134

Authors: Ir. Hrytsynyak, T. Shvets

Purpose. Forming a thematic bibliographic list of publications on the morphological, ecological, physiological and biochemical characteristics of the tench (Tinca tinca L.), its cultivation and the state of its stocks in natural water bodies. Methodology. The complete and selective methods were applied in the process of the systematic search. The bibliographic core has been formed with the publications exclusively in Ukrainian and Russian from the fund of scientific library of the Institute of Fisheries NAAS of Ukraine. Practical value. The list may be useful for scientists, practitioners, students, whose area of interests includes the study of physiological, biochemical, ecological and other characteristics of cyprinids, in particular tench, as well as the restoration of its stocks.