Rybohospodars'ka nauka Ukrayiny (Fisheries Science of Ukraine)

5-14

Authors: O. Okhrimenko

Purpose. To investigate the possible toxicity of the aquatic environment of the cooling reservoir of the Zaporizhzhia Nuclear Power Plant to control and prevent pollution of its ecosystem. Methodology. During the study, a biological test method was used to determine the chronic water toxicity of the cooling reservoir using Ceriodaphnia affinis Lilljeborg (Cladocera, Crustacea) as a test object. The criterion for chronic toxicity was a statistically significant decrease in survival and fertility of the Ceriodaphnia in the experiment compared to control over the three consecutive litters for 7 days. The reliability of the differences between the control and the study was determined by the methods of variation statistics. Findings. The article presents the results of the determination of the toxicity of water in the cooling reservoir of the Zaporizhzhia Nuclear Power Plant by the method of biotesting on Ceriodaphnia affinis Lilljeborg by establishing a reliable difference between survival and fertility in the control and experimental water samples. The prerequisite for studying the ecotoxicity of the aquatic environment of the investigated water body was the increased copper content in water, which was established by preliminary studies of the hydrochemical regime of the reservoir. During the experimental period, no pathological changes in the experimental daphnia were found. The conducted study allowed making a conclusion that there was no toxic effect of the aquatic environment on the biota of the cooling reservoir and the possibility of using the method of biological amelioration to ensure the stabilization of its ecosystem. Originality. The potential toxicity of the aquatic environment of the cooling reservoir of the Zaporizhzhia Nuclear Power Plant was estimated in conditions of significant anthropogenic pressure and its absence was established. Practical value. The obtained data can be used in the development and justification of methods for stabilizing the ecosystems of cooling reservoirs and managing bioproductivity for the purpose of their economic development.

26-35

Authors: Е. Arystarkhova

Purpose. Determination of the influence of ammonia in waters from surface sources of water supply of Zhytomyr city on forming the toxicity of these waters determined by test-reactions of atypical motor activity of Carassius auratus gibelio (Bloch, 1782) with the use of the «time sampling» method during 2012–2014. Methodology. Biotesting was performed at the Municipal Enterprise "Zhytomyrvodokanal". Water samples were taken once a month time from the Teteriv river reservoirs and tap water network and then placed into aquaria (8 dm3 on a group). Control and experimental groups of fish were formed according to the following scheme: control group — samples of settled (24 hours) tap water; experimental group D-1 — water samples from the Denyshivske reservoir; experimental group D-2 — water samples from the Vidsichne water intake. Test specimens were females of C. auratus gibelio. Biotesting was conducted using the «time sampling» method by keeping fish (n=30) in water for 12 hours. The toxicity indexes of waters were calculated on the basis of the following test-reactions: spiral-like and vector movements, jumping out from water, immobilization and death of fish. Statistical processing of study results were performed using cross-correlation and regression analysis in MS Excel 2007 and Statistica-6. Findings. The study showed an effect of ammonia on the toxicity of waters from reservoirs of the Teteriv river that was determined by atypical motor activity with the use of the «time sampling» method, which consisted in the instantaneous fixation of the number of individuals that favored one or another act of behavior. It was shown that females not adapted to the action of ammonia reacted to its concentration in water of more than 0.55 mg/dm3 by disorders in movements. Unlike fish of experience groups, only single pathological acts were observed in the control group. A positive moderate relationship, which had a tendency to an increase, was found between the ammonium content water of surface sources of water supply and their toxicity in 2012, and it reached high degree in 2014 (r=0.6773 in Denyshivske reservoir and r=0.6685 in Vidsichne water intake). The linear regression equations built from obtained data allow forecasting the toxicity of surface waters by ammonium concentration separately for the reservoir and water intake. Originality. Dependence of the toxicity of waters from the surface sources of water supply of Zhytomyr city on ammonium content in these waters was first determined by test-reaction of atypical motor activity of C. auratus gibelio with the use of the «time sampling» method. The linear regression equations allowed determining the dangerous threshold of ammonia concentration (0.58 mg/dm3) which resulted in 50% water toxicity for C. auratus gibelio. Practical value. Results of the study are used for biological monitoring of water toxicity of Teteriv river reservoirs.

43-53

Authors: Ye. Barylo

Purpose. To study and analyze the results of the phenotypic parameters and the rate of linear and weight growth of 1+ salmonids (Salmo trutta m. fario, Oncorhynchus mykiss, Salvelinus fontinalis) grown in the tanks of the farm "Fish Stream" in the Transcarpathian region. Methodology. Material for the study were 1+ brown trout, rainbow trout and brook trout served. Morphometric measurements of fish were carried out according to generally accepted techniques for salmonids. Weighing of fish was conducted on electronic analytical scales. Processing of the obtained data was performed in Microsoft Office Excel (2007). The analysis of variables was performed in the system of absolute values. The criteria for the analysis of parameters were their mean value and standard error (M ± m). Findings. Based on the obtained results, a comparative analysis of morphometric measurements, exterior indices and growth rates of the investigated fish species was conducted. It was found that the highest condition factor was in brook trout - 1.52, somewhat lower it was in rainbow trout and the lowest in brown trout - 1.33 and 1.26, respectively. The big head index was the lowest in brown and rainbow trout - 21.2 and 21.42, respectively. The body height index of rainbow trout and brook trout was almost the same and quite low, indicating on their stockiness. When performing a detailed study of weight accumulation and average daily gain, it was found out that at age-1+, the highest final weight was in brook trout – 288.56 g, which is 10.01% and 118.5% more relative to rainbow trout and brown trout. On average, from April to September, the average daily gain in brook trout, rainbow trout and brown trout was 1.48 g, 1.37 and 0.67 g, respectively. Originality. For the first time in Western Ukraine, a study of morphometric parameters and growth rates of age-1+ fish of valuable species of trout farming was conducted. Practical Value. In the process of salmonid rearing with continuous study of their weights, morphometric, morphological and physiological features, the obtained results can be used to improve fish-technological and breeding work in the direction of increasing meat production and improving the production efficiency of certain salmonid species.

65-75

Authors: А. Vaschenko, N. Matvienko, Y. Tuchapsky

Purpose. To investigate the effect of feed supplements "NUPRO" and "BIO-MOS" on basic hematological indices of the carp (Cyprinus carpio L.). Methodology. Hematological studies on the effect of feed supplements "NUPRO" and "BIO-MOS" on the indices of age-1+ Nyvkiv scaly intrabreed type carp have been performed according to the generally accepted methodology. Experiments were conducted in the conditions of DPDG "Nyvka" of the Institute of Fisheries of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine. Fish ponds with an area of 0.5 hectares stoked with age-1 carp where used for the study. The stocking density was 3.0 thousand fish / ha. Findings. The study showed that feeding of age-1+ carp with a balanced PKC 111 - 2/2/4 feed formula with the addition of 5% feed supplement “NUPRO” and 2% “BIO-MOS®” in comparison with the control group, which was fed with the same feed formula but without feed supplement, resulted in the improvement of basic hematological parameters in the experimental fish. These preparations had a positive effect on leukocyte formula and stimulated phagocytic activity of neutrophils, which greatly increased the immune status of the carp. At the same time, the hydrochemical parameters in the experimental ponds were within the normal limits and the temperature regime was optimal for growth and metabolism of carp organism. Thus, it can be recommended to introduce these feed supplements to the diet of age-1+ carp to enhance the immune status of the organism, which in turn will result in higher yields from growing and additional weight gains of fish. Originality For the first time, an analysis of the effect of feed supplements "NUPRO" and "BIO-MOS" on hematological parameters of age-1+ Nyvka scaly carp was performed. Practical value. In order to increase the immune status of the carp, it is proposed to use feed supplements "NURORO" and "BIO-MOS" when rearing age-1+ carp/.

102-106

Authors: R. Kononenko

Review of the monograph: Basics of aquaculture and hydrobiotechnology / [Fedonenko O., Marenkov O., Sharamok T., Kolesnik N., Grygorenko T., Simon M.] //World Scientific News. 2017. Vol. 88, № 1. Р. 1—57.