Media Education = Mediaobrazovanie

593-600

Authors: Marina Berezhnaia, Sergey Korkonosenko

The article deals with the issues of the humanitarian nature and pedagogical attitudes of journalistic education, mainly in Russian universities. These topics have become more acute and sensitive in some relevant contexts. First, all over the world, and in Europe in particular, the contradictions between the traditional mission of universities as keepers of spiritual values and the concepts of entrepreneurial university have intensified. Second, the humanitarian traditions of higher education are under pressure from the rapid expansion of digital technologies. A new concept of humanitarian resistance has entered the teachers’ professional vocabulary. Journalism education in Russia feels the influence of these contradictory contexts in full measure. In order to clarify the attitude of the teaching community to the changes taking place in this regard, the authors of the article conducted an expert interview with the heads of educational departments and professors from different regions of the country. This is the methodological basis of the article. Full videos of the conversations are presented on the special page of the research project "Theoretical and Pedagogical Schools of Journalism in Russia" (2019-2021), part of which were expert interviews. The study confirmed the hypothesis that Russian journalism teachers are committed to humanitarian values and educational traditions, although they are not opposed to technological and methodological innovations.

612-622

Authors: Alexander Fedorov, Anastasia Levitskaya

The theoretical media-educational model developed by the authors of the article, aimed at the effective development of the audience's ability to reasonably counter the false (or partially false) information contained in the anti-Russian Internet communication sources from Ukraine (taking into account the ability to analyze the political, ideological, economic and other motives that lead to anti-Russian propaganda in Ukrainian media educational Internet communication portals, websites) consists of the following main structural building blocks (units): Unit 1. Technology of development of audience’s skills to reasonably confront false (or partially false) information contained in anti-Russian Ukrainian Internet communication sources (knowledge of media communication processes, propaganda influences and typology of false (or partially false) information; knowledge of basic techniques of analysis of Internet communication sources (including fact checking, political, ideological, economic and other motives conditioning anti-Russian propaganda in Ukrainian (media education) Internet communication portals, websites; skills to apply this knowledge in the process of the analysis of various web resources, containing anti-Russian propaganda. Unit 2. Anti-propaganda Internet communications competence of the individual (information competence in the field of Internet communications and countering propaganda influences; analytical competence in the field of Internet communications related to detecting propaganda and/or fake messages). Unit 3: The main indicators of anti-propaganda Internet communication competence of an individual (high level (a wide range of knowledge in the field of Internet communication, types and technologies of media influences, propaganda; types and technologies of media information analysis); medium level (limited knowledge in the field of Internet communication, types and technologies of media influences, propaganda; types and technologies of media information analysis); low level (no knowledge (or minimal knowledge) of these (see above). Unit 4: Creative application of knowledge about media communication processes, propaganda influences and the typology of false (or partially false) information and analytical skills in this area (including the ability to independently apply knowledge about media communication processes, propaganda influences and the typology of false (or partially false) information and analytical skills in this area in new conditions and using new samples).

632-644

Authors: Olga Kosachova

The article analyses the representation of historical and current issues in fiction and documentary cinematography. The author outlines the general complexity of the historical genre, often accompanied by criticism of the society, power structures, and institutions of the church. A dramaturgy analysis of films, as well as expressive directing and camera means and techniques, sound direction have been carried out. Special attention is paid to the analysis of methods of gathering information in documentary films: observation, working with documents, interviews, etc., inherent in the work of a TV reporter. The participatory and poetic modes of documentary are examined in detail. It was revealed that documentary films are more independent than fiction films, primarily from the budget issues and critical acclaim, therefore a store of issues covered in documentary films is much wider. The documentary cinematography is also richer by expressive means. The authors of modern historical drama create documentary-style films, unjustifiably transforming films from feature ones into a chronicle displaying a series of changing facts from the plot of the script. Suggestions have been made to revise the principles of work on the historical genre, enabling to reach a new level of development of feature films.

654-663

Authors: Elena Lomteva, Natalia Vorobyeva, Alexei Demidov

The article presents results of a survey of teacher college students on their attitude and readiness to implementation of film education in the elementary school educational process. The work was conducted by the Center for Economics of Continuing Education (CECE) of RANEPA and the Institute of Secondary Vocational Education (ISVE) named after K. Ushinsky of the Moscow City Pedagogical University (MCPU) in 2021 and was based on the quantitative method of sociological research. A total of 318 respondents – undergraduate students enrolled in various secondary vocational education (hereinafter referred to as SVE) programs in the field of pedagogics – were interviewed. The article substantiates that the majority of future elementary school teachers support integration of film education in the elementary school educational structure and analysis of data obtained during the study showed that future teachers' readiness for implementation of this type of activity does not mean availability of exact knowledge of the basics of film education and media pedagogics as well as methodological approaches to teaching of the subject matter. The materials presented in the article allow readers to form methodological didactic approaches to the problem of students' training at the level of education in SVE organizations as well as consider issues of readiness of future teachers to implement film education in their pedagogical activities.

676-683

Authors: Galina Mikhaleva

The article discusses the following research areas in the context of educating university students for civic engagement based on the material of Russian feature films: – analysing patriotic feature films, historical dramas and war films about the exploits of Russian people, films about love and self-sacrifice for the Motherland; – analysing Russian feature films about real heroes and their exploits, as well as films about heroic deeds committed by ordinary people in peacetime, films about public and official duties; – analysing film images of famous Russian historical personalities in Russian and foreign feature films; – analysing feature films about love for the “small” homeland, about professional and civic responsibility; – analysing film images of national heroes or famous citizens of various professions who contributed to the development of Russia, its culture, science, art, sports, etc.; – a comparative analysis of Russian and foreign film adaptations of classic Russian literary works, a critical analysis of national stereotypes in Russian and foreign feature films; – a critical analysis of antisocial images in feature films in order to form correct models of social and civic consciousness and behaviour among university students; – film education of youth based on social film dramas.

693-701

Authors: Elena Muryukina, Victoria Voychenko

A comparative analysis of media education in the USSR during perestroika and the period of modern Russian history has shown us some similarities and differences. The position of researchers on the need to develop media education in the context of the main global trends, the use of a unified conceptual framework, and to rely on the international regulatory framework remains unified. A comparative analysis has proved that a large number of media-educational technologies used today in media-education activities were developed by media-educators during the perestroika period. They are a synthesis of Russian and foreign techniques that have proven effective in achieving media-educational goals. We note that the interest of media educators in media club activities has not diminished. The set of goals and tasks implemented at the classes of the media club has not undergone major changes and is focused to a greater extent on fostering the following qualities in the participants. The difference between the periods being compared is the understanding that the subjects of media education include not only students, but also teachers of secondary and higher schools and institutions of supplementary education. The new professional standard will reflect the qualification requirements in the field of media competence.

715-722

Authors: Marina Tselykh

Professor Alexander Fedorov's monograph "The Best and Worst Films of Soviet Film Distribution: Opinions of the Readers of the Soviet Screen Magazine" (1958-1991) (Fedorov, 2022), along with a comparative review of the results of the audience voting, provides a broad retrospective analysis and characterization of the state of Soviet cinema of this period. At the same time, the author proceeds not only from the changes that took place in the ideology and socio-political situation in the USSR, but also relies on objective statistical data. The book systematizes data on the dynamics of the production of full-length feature films, the figures for the annual attendance of Soviet and foreign films per capita in the USSR, the size of the circulation of the magazine Soviet Screen, the number of readers of the magazine who participated in the annual survey, and much more. All this allows the thoughtful reader to better understand the main guidelines that directed the audience in assessing films in different historical periods, as well as the vector of evolution of viewer preferences, expressed in the results of readers' questionnaires. This historical and statistical approach is especially important and valuable for young viewers, as it connects the history of cinema with the history of the country, film press and film statistics.

408-414

Authors: Ludmila Brusenskaya, Victor Barabash, Ella Kulikova, Nataliia Usenko

Modern media discourse is largely focused on downgraded speech registers, manifested in jargon, increased negative emotionality and conflictogenicity of used language means. The article suggests combining the most significant destructions with one concept of "humilation". Even in classical rhetoric it was understood an unreasonable therefore erroneous downgrading in style. Many manifestations of humilation are typical for media discourse. The article on the material of current media texts of 2021 discusses the humilation types connected with the choice of some language units, as well as with the use of destructive speech strategies not corresponding to ethical and speech and linguolegal standards. Humilation manifested in the very choice of the topic, the object of discussion and speech strategies, is analyzed on news stories about the "Skopinsky maniac" return. The main ways to counteract the abuse of speech freedom and the right to information are to increase the level of public legal awareness, consciously improve the mechanisms of self-regulation in the media. The methodological basis of the study of humilation in media is the multidimensional representation of the language system and its subsystems. The authors used the method of semantic and modal explication of speech acts with cumulative elements, the linguopragmatic and linguolegal analysis method, the contextual interpretation method.

426-434

Authors: Irina Chelysheva

The World Wide Web opened incredible opportunities for the contemporary younger generation: it includes the communication with virtual interlocutors from any part of the world, the exchange of information, instant feedback getting and many other options. It led to contemporary users’ communicative boundaries widening meanwhile it evoke the risks connected with unreliable information spread, stirring the enmity to other nationalities representatives. These problems become more acute in youth environs. In this respect today social networks media content-focused work organization acts as an important component of professional training of students – future teachers, psychologists, the youth work organizers. In the article the analysis of methodological and methodical tools of educational, upbringing media education aims usage in the context of student youth interethnic tolerance development is introduced. The technologies and methods of educational classes conduction with elements of media education in higher education institutions, stimulating the culture of interethnic communication based on material of social Internet networks are described by the author. The process of work with media content on the problem of interethnic tolerance among the student youth is based on different kinds of analysis usage: structural, autobiographical, iconographic, identification al, ethical, semiotic, storyline, media stereotypes, characters analysis, the analysis of structural mythology and others supported by key notions of media education.

443-451

Authors: Alexander Fedorov, Anastasia Levitskaya

In this article, as a result of content analysis, it is concluded that anti-Russian propaganda in the Internet communications of modern Ukraine in the media education framework of various groups of the population has become a reaction of the Ukrainian government in the field of education, culture, mass communications to the main political, ideological vectors of the Ukrainian state policy having been formed since 2014, and the conflict between Ukraine and Russia. Internet communications were chosen as the field of the anti-Russian media war as the most popular sources of information. Thus, the very process of media education, the positive impact of which is in demand all over the world, has become in Ukraine a kind of convenient, “civilized” cover for an anti-Russian media campaign aimed primarily at such target audiences as schoolchildren, students, young adults, and teachers.

460-468

Authors: Ludmila Gritsai

The article analyzes the parental opinion on features of the usage of modern media resources in organizing for the development of the personality process in a family. The purpose of research was to study of parents’ understanding of the goals and objectives of media education and also the real parents’ needs in media resources to facilitate the process of personality development their children and give them new information about the process of education. We used the following methods of cognition: a problem method, a survey method, a system-structural method. The study involved 500 parents from different regions of Russia (62 regions). Parents were asked 6 questions. The survey showed that parents confuse the concepts of "media education" and "information communication technologies". They mean digital education by media education. This creates a false understanding of the goals of media education. Also most often parents refer to media resources to look for ready-made solutions to educational tasks for their children. At the same time the potential of educational media platforms and other resources for personality development children remains little in demand. The use of media resources by parents to study various approaches to raising children is difficult due to the peculiarities of people mentality of the country, accustomed to adopt the model of education from parent family. The study made it possible to identify the difficulties of learning schoolchildren with the help of media resources. It concludes that, first of all, parents do not indicate the difficulty of a technical nature (the lack of a computer in the family, the lack of an Internet connection) and distrust to the usage of new information technologies as children’s personality development tools. The difficulties were in organizing qualitative learning process in new conditions that children could master with a high degree of motivation and independence. Parents are often not aware of the goals and objectives of media education. Therefore, parents and children need clarification about the goals of media education. Competent pedagogical support of the media education process can help parents become "allies", and not "opponents" of teachers in the formation of media skills of schoolchildren.

476-484

Authors: Irina Maksimova, Irina Skachkova

The first part of the article highlights the need for further development of media education in Russia, which is related to the role of media education in the formation of human capital and the implementation of civil rights enshrined in the Constitution of the Russian Federation. The section emphasizes that the implementation of the rights of Russian citizens in public finance management is inextricably linked with the level of digital literacy of the citizens themselves. The second part of the article describes the methods used in conducting the study, emphasizing the role of analysis and synthesis of information obtained from the publications of modern authors on the problem, the reports of Rosstat, official sources of Ministry of Finance of the Russian Federation, Ministry of Digital Development, Communications and Mass Communications of the Russian Federation and Ministry of Education and Science of the Russian Federation. The third part of the article presents the results of the analysis of different authors’ research of an assessing the digital literacy of Russians. The main conclusion drawn from the results of the analysis is the need to increase the digital literacy of Russians as an important condition, without which the further development of participatory budgeting in Russia is impossible. At the same time, the mass media have an important role to play in raising Russians’ digital literacy and political activism, as demonstrated by the research of numerous scholars in the field of effective communication in solving social and political problems. The fourth part of the article contains the author’s recommendations for improving the public administration of digital literacy of Russians. The importance of improving the training of specialists in public and municipal administration is emphasized here. To improve the quality of public administration and municipal management professionals, it is proposed to expand the range of professional competences to include competences that promote the acquisition of skills: to provide and receive public services; to enable the future professional to participate in solving public problems; to adapt communication strategies to specific audiences, taking into account cultural and age differences; to prevent health risks and threats to physical and psychological well-being through the use of digital technologies. The fifth part of the article summarizes the main results of the study.

496-506

Authors: Galina Mikhaleva

The focus of this study is the analysis of psychotherapists’ representation in films. The material is two most recent Russian film series featuring a psychotherapist as the main character – Trigger (Russia, 2018) and Psycho (Russia, 2020). The dominant representations include non-observance of the ethical principles of the psychotherapist’s work, the use of risky methods of work and a constant psycho-emotional stress, anxiety and fear, which can form the image of a psychotherapist as a person who himself desperately needs the help of a specialist to solve his/her own psychological problems. After watching film representations of the psychotherapists’ practice, and the social roles expected of them, several roles or categories, can be identified. The generalized film image of a psychotherapist in contemporary Russian cinema can be characterised as follows: 1. He is the antipode of the traditional image of the psychotherapist who deliberately and outrageously violates the established rules and ethics codes; moreover, he prefers to use his own innovative method of treatment or therapy which is based on provocation and manipulation. 2. He is presented ambivalently, although his behaviour is outwardly negative, his motives and goals are positive, for despite acting as a manipulator, provocateur, and a violator of ethics principles, he is genuinely devoted to his profession and is a decent personality. 3. He is a dynamic image, in some aspects resembling a detective whose life is dangerous and full of risk and adventure, associated with solving riddles. In a way this image may popularize the profession of psychologist, especially it may seem rather attractive to a youth audience, since the protagonist is young, creative, smart and daring, his actions are unpredictable and unconventional, he is a man of character and very purposeful, possesses leadership qualities. 4. The dominant mental and emotional disorders that the psychotherapist has to deal with in Russian films can be identified as mainly individual, marital and family psychotherapy and counselling: the generation gap, childhood traumas, addictions, manipulations or abuses, grief and depression, eating disorders, etc. 5. The psychotherapist himself needs professional psychological support and supervision since he suffers from a serious psychological trauma. Besides he is constantly in a conflict situation, external or internal, personal and professional. He is obviously a dramatic image, for all his professional success, he is not able to solve his own problems in interpersonal relationships with his close people; sometimes he exhibits sociopathic inclinations. 6. The image leaves a contradictory impression on the viewer, though his methods of treatment may seem to some audiences quite unacceptable or even dangerous for both the psychologist and the patient, still, they turn out to be effective in the long run according to the film. 7. Such film image may discredit the psychology-related professions in the eyes of the audience since it allows the psychologist to violate the key ethics principles and professional standards of conduct for the counselling professions such as privacy and confidentiality, human relations (avoiding sexual harassment, physical or mental harm).

515-523

Authors: Arina N. Pislegina, Nicholas W. Mitiukov

The synthesis of media arts gives a modern person great opportunities for translating his most incredible ideas and intentions into real projects, which gives us the opportunity to cognize not only our reality but also other worlds created in virtual space. This, in turn, causes the appearance of metamorphosis – the transformation of a product from one type of art to another, which provides people with new experience of knowing this product at the level of visual, tactile, auditory and psychological perception. Currently, one can observe a tendency towards the synthesis of all arts, the unification of directions, the mixing of styles and techniques for the execution of the concept of projects, creations and the tendency of metamorphosis of relevant, demanded and competitive product of media art or art – the transition of a product from one type of art to another. As a result of the study, a closed three-staged scheme of product metamorphosis was revealed: "printed edition – film adaptation – multimedia product" in material perception and "comprehension – sensation – interaction / cognition" in sensory perception. The principle of the development of the project during the metamorphosis was revealed, presented in a linear scheme: idea – development of an idea – addition / rethinking. Four schemes obtained in the course of the research were combined into a single scheme of metamorphosis of the media art product and its idea. It can be concluded that all three stages of metamorphosis are those ideas and achievements of art that a person of the 21st century wants to know, comprehend and feel due to people lacking single reality to satisfy all their sensory and emotional needs.

529-543

Authors: Yaroslav Slutskiy

The article examines the experience of the practical application of video, audio, text and Internet components of media education in the process of formation and development of linguistic and cultural patterns by foreign students at universities and colleges in the US. It focuses on the contribution of linguistic and cultural patterns to more effective acculturation of a foreign student and, subsequently, their ability to have quality interpersonal interactions academically and socially. The analysis of the theoretical framework of the media education components and programs using certain media components is based on research methods such as analysis and synthesis (which allowed separating and combining practical programs and identify existing connections within a program that ensured the integrity of the adaptation training of foreign students), deduction (which, in fact, allowed singling out the video, audio, text and Internet components of media educations in the educational, cultural, linguistic and psychological elements of the acculturation triad), induction (in order to classify the practical programs of the US HEIs by media education components), classification (which provided the interpretation of the Internet direction of adaptation training as a separate component of media education), analogy (demonstrating the existence of close connections and similar characteristics between the media education components, which make them complementary). In the course of examination of the influence of media education on adaptation programs in the US HEIs, we identified the use of four components: video, audio, text and Internet, which are used both for the “direct” (adaptation of foreign students) and “reverse” (adaptation of representatives of the host country) acculturation. The article emphases that media education components can be used simultaneously (leading to the minimisation of their separate use). Since it is important for foreign students to learn about historical and cultural events that had a direct impact on the society of the host country, as well as to form and develop linguistic and cultural patterns, we created a list of films that have had a historical, social and cultural impact on the society of the United States.

553-570

Authors: Eugenia Smyrnova–Trybulska a , *, Dominika Zegzuła

This article describes selected results of research referred to as "Digital Internet resources in learning and development in future educators’ opinion – a case study", conducted in the years 2018–2019 at the University of Silesia. This research project was one of the many components of long–term research called “The Role of the Faculty Distance Learning Platform in Increasing the Quality of the Development of Future and In–service Teachers’ Competences”, conducted at the Faculty of Arts and Sciences of Education at the University of Silesia. The long–term research was intended to provide an initial description of two issues: how do students themselves rate their own knowledge, and what is the actual level of students’ knowledge in the field of the Copyright Act and licenses, necessary for searching for and properly using Internet content as well as students’ awareness of information and search competences that determine the education process. The research also looked at students’ ability to search for and verify information necessary for them to prepare for class and the awareness of the opportunities offered by the use of resources and websites as well as applications and programs determining how leisure time is spent. The text certain theoretical aspects of ICT and media competence and looks at soft competences, including the use of IT tools to search for information, critical thinking. Finally, the conclusions are presented.

177-188

Authors: Ibrar Ahmad, Muniba Fatima, Farahat Ali

This study aims to explore the relationship between news media use and civic engagement. This study also investigates the mediating role of social capital and civic accountability in the relationship between news media use and civic engagement. The theoretical framework of this study is based on social learning theory. By employing a cross-sectional survey design, this study has collected online data from 350 respondents from four universities located in Lahore. To empirically test hypotheses, Partial Least Square based Structural Equation Modeling technique has been used. The results of this study reveal that news media use is positively associated with civic engagement. News media use has a significant relationship with social capital and civic accountability. This study has also found a positive relationship between social capital and civic engagement. Similarly, the relationship between civic accountability and civic engagement also remains significant. The results of the indirect effects indicate that social capital and civic accountability are significant mediators in the relationship between news media use and civic engagement.

201-207

Authors: Ludmila Brusenskaya, Irina Belyaeva, Alina Kotaeva, Ludmila Kulumbegova

The negative feature of modern public communication and media discourse is invectivization. The problem of language invectivization takes the central place in linguoconflictology, which has become the natural extension and the development of legal linguistics. The pathos of this article is connected with the following statement: it is impossible to avoid the conflict component in many spheres of public communication, but irony can become an alternative to invectives and obscenisms. It will contribute to the cultivation of the Russian communicative space, the harmonization of communication. The use of irony instead of invectives and obscenisms will fill kindness grammar lacunae in the era of sharp changes in communicative conventions. The authors used linguopragmatic and sociolinguistic methods, as well as elements of content analysis of mass communication texts, to investigate the modern public discourse invectivization and prove the advantage of the ironic modality over the invective one. Insult is one of the most widespread verbal offenses. The invective is always violation of ethical and linguistic standards, but it is possible for irony to remain within the limits of normativity. In the modern media space, irony performs a very important social function, acting as an alternative to invective communication, inevitable in the polarized world.

217-230

Authors: Jewel Das

As a deep-rooted patriarchal and traditional value-centric society, women and girls are often treated as inferior to men to participate in key aspects of their socioeconomic lives in Bangladesh. This ill fate has made the female community vulnerable to achieving Sustainable Development Goals (SDG’s). Achieving the SDG’s highly depends on the actual portrayal of women and girls by media professionals. However, media professionals, especially, journalists are yet facing deep challenges in covering news on women and girls’ issues. The portrayal of women and girls in news thus remains poor and stereotyped. Under the given context what challenges journalists are facing in covering women and girls’ issues and how to overcome these that are unidentified yet. Based on survey of 26 journalists working in Chittagong, an industrially developed south-eastern district of Bangladesh, and nine (9) in-depth interviews from gender and media analysts, this study explores to what extent socio-cultural attitudes, customs and practices and policies of media challenge the journalists in covering women or gender issues. The findings show that the challenges are ranged from ‘very challenging’ to ‘somewhat challenging’ to most of the journalists. The study suggests that trainings and workshops for journalists and rethinking media policies for information literacy can be effective tools for overcoming the challenges.

237-245

Authors: Hafiz Bilal Farooq, Maria Maldonado, Mohsin Hassan Khan, Humera Sharif

G. Gerbner presented the theory of cultivation under the umbrella of his “cultural indicators” paradigm. G. Gerbner’s theory of Cultivation indicates that viewers who have immense exposure to media, particularly to television, grasp the social truths of the world the way they are broadcast on the screen and this activity influences the audiences’ attitudes and manners. Several scholars have exploited the cultivation theory to hypothesize about how media cultivates viewers’ perception of health risk, socio-political and cultural values. The bottom-line of cultivation theory is that the higher amount of time people exploit ‘living' in the television realm, the greater is the risk of their assuming the scenes being portrayed on the silver screen as truths rather social realities. Coca Cola can be well termed as one such brand that is internationally recognized and runs a worldwide marketing campaign. The proof for its success is that the brand is well known not because of the taste but for its strong advertising as well. This phenomenal brand promotion has inspired the researchers to investigate the factors, policies and strategies behind strong impact of Coke’s advertising campaign through the Cultivation Theory. The brand has also made the researchers focus on what content exactly the coke ads contain and how it is presented on screen. For the study, Coke’s advertisement in Pakistan was selected. For this mixed method study, a semi structured interview was held with the company manager in order to explore the first objective. The content of the message was analyzed by applying qualitative analysis. The data were analyzed by centering on the first two prongs of cultivation theory. The study revealed that the musical theme underlying the sense of festivity, merriment and celebration that had been promoted to elate the emotions meet the demand of Pakistan’s collectivistic culture and hence, has become success factor of coke’s consumerism and raised the impact as well.

255-266

Authors: Julia Gorelova, Nikolay Khilko

The article analyzes three aspects of reflecting student’s nature perception of the landscapes photographic images in cultural and historical heritage. Perception’s types of landscape photo images are identified: architectural views of the city, event chronotopic and social chronotopic images. The central element of this research is the ability the periodization photo artists work. Their correlation with the dominant photographic images of the cultural landscapes showed the dominant ideas of cultural landscapes images. Beyond doubt, on the basis of a combination of cultural-ecological and infrastructural-aesthetic approaches to the view of landscape images is a system of methods for studying various typologies of the city landscape compositions in the context of certain stages of perceptual media competence is established. Besides, the authors emphasize the following problem using the system of online training for more competent perception of photographic images. To assess the level of media competence in the sphere of the city cultural heritage, several indicators of primary perception development are used. As a result of the methods analysis, the authors found that the receiving methods of media competence and professional media education have a certain derivativeness of similar professional methods in relation to the methods of mass media education.

277-289

Authors: Rashid Ali Khuhro, Bashir Memon, Syeda Mannum Zehra Abedi

The Christchurch attack on March 15, 2019, on two mosques by a white supremacist is marked as a lethal incident in the history of New Zealand. In this deadly attack, at least 50 Muslims were killed and more than 50 got fatal injuries. The oddity found in this attack was that both the shootings, one on mosque Al Noor and the other on Linwood Islamic Centre, were broadcast live on Facebook. Though, the incident sparked a wave of anger throughout the Muslim world. However, that Jacinda Arden the Prime Minister of New Zealand stood in front and showed sympathy with Muslims by assuring them justice. In this way, the primary purpose of this study was to examine the representation and framing of Jacinda Ardern in post-Christchurch attack press coverage in the Muslim country newspapers. The study found that most of the stories related to Jacinda Ardern are found in Daily Dawn Pakistan, New Straits Times of Malaysia, and in the UAE’s leading newspaper Khaleej Times. However, the Tehran Times of Iran has given less coverage to Jacinda. Further, findings of the framing of Jacinda Ardern in the Muslim world press after Christchurch's attack showed most of the stories published in the four newspapers have and have framed her neutral and positive. Besides, frames like the icon of peace, anti-racist, Jacindamania, comparison of JA, and anti-Islamophobia are represented higher and paragon of leadership and redefining leadership are framed lowest in the Muslim world press.

301-307

Authors: Ella Kulikova, Oksana Akay, Zaira Tedeeva, Khansiat Kodalaeva

The formulation of the research topic is dictated by the tendency to investigate feminitives as destructive phenomena of the modern Russian language, contradicting the linguistic ecology and good language taste. Traditionally invectives, obscenisms and English-language inclusions were considered to be such destructive phenomena. In this connection, it is urgent to analyze the grammatical essence and pragmatic functions of feminitives in media discourse and, on this basis, to find out to what extent they can meet the ecological criteria. The conclusion is that feminitives are not equal in their ability to convey certain pragmatic co-meanings, and it is on these abilities the place of a particular female correlate in the language system, and the correspondence to the linguistic and ecological parameters of communication depends. The question of female correlates from the names of persons by profession, occupation, etc. is not new in grammar and linguoculturology, but new communication techniques, in particular, the features of word usage in Internet blogs, have given a new impetus to this topic. In the study of the language material, retrieved from traditional media texts and internet media content, such techniques as contextual linguopragmatic analysis and the method of pragmatic interpretation, which consists of identifying the features of connotational increments, were used.

323-332

Authors: Anastasia Levitskaya, Alexander Fedorov

This article emphasizes that media manipulations are spread not only by the manipulators themselves, who initiate and create (with specific agenda) one or another (partially) false media text, but also by ordinary audiences who uncritically perceive these media messages as true. This is a natural consequence of the modern capabilities of the mass media (“yellow press”, “yellow” TV programs, Internet sites), when once created, false information is replicated over and over again bypassing any critical comments and analysis. Based on the analysis of a number of scientific sources, the article’s authors developed and presented not only the theoretical model of the development of media competence of students of pedagogical universities in the process of analyzing media manipulative influences, but also the theoretical models of effective media educational activities of (future) teachers, contributing to the development of media competence of the audience in the process of analyzing media’s manipulative influences, as well as media educational activities that contribute to the development of media competence of the audience in the process of analyzing the reliability of media texts.

338-349

Authors: Khadeeja Maqbool, Farahat Ali, Muhammad Awais, Mudasar Ali Nadeem

Social media has become the most popular communication and entertainment channel for youth. Prior research has explored social media role in eating disorder, body image and sleep quality but the research related to effect of social media on self-sexualization behaviour is lacking. The purpose of this study is to investigate and to explore the use of social media and its effects on self-sexualization behaviour among university students. In this research total of 485 girls, age (M = 21.4 SD = 3.48) are taken as samples. In this study, the researchers used the convenience sampling technique for data collection. The data was collected from different universities in Lahore. The quantitative survey research design used to collect data. Correlation and serial mediation analysis used to analyse the data. The findings show that the internalization of reward beauty, self-objectification, social media use, and appearance conversation is positively correlated with self-sexualization. In addition to this, the results showed that self-objectification and internalization of reward beauty was not a significant mediator between the relationship of social media use and self-sexualization. The implications of a study related to media educators, campaign designers and parents have been discussed.

362-377

Authors: Oxana Posukhova, Lyudmila Klimenko, Sergey Chelyshev

The article is devoted to the analysis of the working dynasties representation in the Soviet cinematography. The theoretical research model is based on several approaches: the continuity of generations concept; the concept of social capital and social production strategies; studies of the socio-professional structure in the Soviet society; studies of labor dynasties in Russian society; the concept of “the myth of the great family” and its application in the official discourse analysis. Analyzed information sources are 43 Soviet films released from 1920s to 1980s. The article substantiates the presence of several stages in the dynastic themes presentation in the Soviet cinematography. The periodization criteria are: 1) ideological conditions and assessment of the working dynasty potential in the Soviet society; 2) genre, visual-aesthetic and resource characteristics of the film production; 3) the nature of intergenerational translation of social and professional experience. The first period (1924−1953) is characterized by discursive negativity in the propaganda films of generational continuity in the parental family. The configurational type of social and professional experience transition dominates. At the second stage (1954−1965), in accordance with the ideology, the constructive potential of labor succession in the family is emphasized in the chronicles. This stage is characterized by a post-figurative type of generational continuity. At the third stage (mid-60s-80s) there is ambivalence in the representation of working dynasties.

391-394

Authors: Marina Tselykh

In 2021 the Publishing House SM "Information for All" published a book by Professor Alexander Fedorov “Soviet science fiction movies in the mirror of film criticism and viewers’ opinions”. In this interview with Professor Marina Tselykh, Alexander Fedorov discussed the topic of Soviet science fiction films. Marina Tselykh thinks that the author have done a lot of work on the collection and systematization of Soviet fiction films (including television), from the 1920s to the 1990s. The result is a mini-encyclopedia that contains information about the release dates of films, their directors, fragments of reviews from critics and viewers. The author's expert opinion sounds especially interesting.

18-29

Authors: Marina Arkannikova, Daria Zubko, Yuriy Klyuev, Boris Misonzhnikov

The main attention of the article is focused on the development of an effective methodology for teaching future radio journalists the theory and practice of publicistic broadcasting. The need to introduce new knowledge of the theoretical and practical foundations of radio publicism into the educational process is due to the high demand of the media market for high-quality radio materials of publicistic orientation, as evidenced by the popularity of journalistic programs. Within the framework of the study, a number of problems are, that hinder the introduction and implementation of individual courses in radio publicism in educational practice are considered. In particular, these ones are the lack of an up-to-date and accurate scientific definition of the concept of "radio publicism"; obsolescence of the existing format-genre structure of publicistic broadcasting; a low level of exchange of practical experience between student radio editions producing publicistic programs; lack of clearly defined competencies that a student must have for the production of publicistic programs. The article develops a systematic scientific definition of the concept of “radio publicism”, identifies the main criteria that allow defining programs as publicistic. The actual genre-format structure of publicistic radio broadcasting is represented. The main forms and genres of radio publicism dominant in the XXI century are studied. The practice of production of publicistic radio programs created by student editions of the Moscow State University named after M.V. Lomonosov (MGU) and St. Petersburg State University (SPbGU) are considered. The basic competencies required by students for the production of publicistic radio content are determined.

37-44

Authors: Petra Cepková, Peter Lančarič, Jozef Sedlák

The study is a scientific essay on the current position of the medium of photography that is perceived as one of the basic communication means of media education and disciplines of art, combining technology and intention. Each chapter addressing a contextual touch of this medium with the central photographic themes and genres. The empirical research of the medium of photography is founded on the creative and pedagogical experience of authors who systematically deal with analysing the ontological nature of photography, its overlap into genres of conceptual art with a specification in the photographic documentary. The interflow of realities of vision in the creative process and the postmodern approach analogically forms itself into an ideal of visual purity, where the touching of the photographic layer becomes a bearer of causal relationships within the apprehension of contemporary art as well as the analysis of human existence. These aspects are the bases of our thoughts on current position of the medium of photography within media studies and media culture, its variations forming visuality, aesthetic and cultural predisposition, sociological reflections, and critical thinking in the creative process students of mass-media communication, especially emphasizing the necessity of acquiring visual competences, creative strategies and information literacy.

54-63

Authors: Abdul Razaque Chhachhar, Rubab Rafique Malik, Muhammad Ramzan Pahore

Since decades, a new era of the election campaign has grown in Pakistani politics by shifting the purpose of consideration from the streets to Social media. This undertaking can be called as social media political campaigning. Political communication is a very huge and fascinating part of Social media. For about 2 decades, the domain of World Wide Web has transformed the globe and developed by what means information is kept, circulated, explored and used. Each political party is trying to make its full and extreme struggle to cover the cyberspace better than its rivals do. In this way, this study hence, is an attempt to know that what level of social media Political campaign offers the opportunities and prospects to the voters to know about their leaders, party thoughts, ideology, and party manifestos. These help voters to decide who is the best party or candidate for the nominated position. In this research study, there are three main Political Parties of Pakistan, having most of the public affiliation. These political parties are “Pakistan Muslim League Nawaz (PML N), Pakistan People’s Party (PPP), and Pakistan Tehreek e Insaaf (PTI) The data was collected by applying a purposive non probability sampling technique. Whereas, the finding are presented in tabular form and then the data findings in table have been described. The key finding showed those respondents were frequently users of social media specifically Facebook and Twitter. They have enough exposure to political content through social media. Finding shows that users consume knowledge regarding party manifestos and have much knowledge of political content through social media political campaign.

70-76

Authors: Nina Genova, Nikolai Кhilko

The article provides an insight into the role of media technologies in the process of theatre virtualization as a problem of professional media education. The use of multimedia technologies in the theatre is shown on the example of Omsk theatre productions, the teaching of acting skills and theatre studies in Dostoevsky Omsk State University. Substantiating of innovative application of media technologies in educational training of students is made on the basis of international concepts and approaches, implying a number of creative effects and practices in art. For researching separate aspects of the problem there were used pedagogic methods of theoretical and comparative analysis, content analysis of social networks sites. Innovative forms of using media technologies in the contemporary theatre space and relevant media education are established. A number of modern media are revealed allowing to use multimedia art. Special attention is put on performance art, cyber theatre and happening which make possible different levels of interaction with the audience. On the example of Galyorka Theatre character features of using media technologies are substantiated in the immersive performance which creates the effect of full absorption of the audience into the plot. The value of lecturers and students’ flexibility is established which is directed to self-training individual readiness in changing media educational environment. Recommendations are given for strengthening educational training of theatre experts, for training specialists in audio and audiovisual engineering in theatre, for preparing subjects some of which are the part of training of audio and multimedia engineers, other subjects may be inserted into curricula of actors and theatre experts as additional option courses.

86-92

Authors: Mateusz Kot

AR technology creates the possibility of overlapping two realities. It is a space used, among others, in education. AR increases the visual attractiveness of the game and the involvement of its users. However, some applications were not created with the intention of using them for this purpose, although they have the potential not only to entertain but also to teach. One of such games is "Pokemon Go!". which The following research methods were used in the study: 1) in-depth interview to learn about the specifics of the game "Pokemon Go!" and its potential educational opportunities; 2) observation allowing to write down the behavior of players while using the game; 3) a survey to find out the motivations and thoughts of the players. It was attempted to determine whether there will be any interaction between the players and the physical locations used in the game, using the format of the game chosen for the study, which was the passage along the proposed route. It turned out that thanks to the players' suggestions, a potentially optimal way of using the game was determined, which could be used in further research on the phenomenon of the educational dimension of the "Pokemon Go!" game.

101-110

Authors: Bashir Memon, Muhammad Ibrahim Mirbahar, Rashid Ali Khuhro

Accurate knowledge about newspaper production stands as one of the key elements of media literacy among readers. The newspapers have a greater role in enhancing the skills of young people. The newspaper helps students, particularly, to improve their writing and reading skills. The purpose of this study to assess the perception of students in the public sector universities of Sindh province, Pakistan about print media production. In the context to achieve the purpose of the study, the data is collected through a cross-sectional survey from the students of three leading public sector universities in Sindh province, Pakistan. The findings showed that university students have accurate perceptions and knowledge regarding newspaper and magazine production. knew that in the field of journalism and news media who writes features, editorial page represents to the policy of newspaper, layout staff is responsible for newspaper or magazine layout, and the lead story is placed on the front page of a newspaper. Summarily, it was deduced that the university students were found to have news media literacy of the specific variables assessed and tested in this study, in the context of having correct perceptions related to newspaper and magazine production.

125-133

Authors: Viktor Sidorov, Galina Melnik

Researchers of St. Petersburg State University held an international expert roundtable to discuss the nature and expression of media destructions of the moral values of society in December 2020 within the research project "Aggressions and Phobias in the Media Behavior of Network Communities". Politics experts, psychologists, journalism researchers from Russia, China, Uzbekistan, Kazakhstan and Poland took part. The list was including V.A. Gutorov, O.S. Deineka, I.A. Bykov, N.S. Tsvetova, G.S. Melnik (St. Petersburg State University, Russia), I.F. Kefeli, G.V. Alekseev, V.P. Kirilenko (St. Petersburg State University, Russia), А. Fedorov (Rostov University of Economics, Russia), I.V. Erofeeva (Transbaikal State University, Russia), R.G. Ivanian (St. Petersburg State University of Industrial Technologies and Design, Russia), Liu Yan (Xi'an Jiaotong University, China), F.A. Muminov (Bukhara State University, Uzbekistan), S.H. Barlybaeva (Al Farabi National University, Kazakhstan), I. Massaka (Nicolaus Copernicus University, Poland), W. Nowiak (Adam Mickiewicz University, Poland), etc. participated in the roundtable. This review includes some outcomes of related researches done by the panelists, as well as their conclusions concerning, first of all, destructions created by media towards value base of society. During the discussion, the need to touch upon important aspects of media education arose. It is understood as a comprehensive prerequisite of social life in its counteraction to the practices of destruction of the foundations of the moral sphere of society. The expert roundtable meeting was moderated by the project coordinator V.A. Sidorov (St. Petersburg State University, Russia).

144-152

Authors: Yan Tyazhlov, Dmitry Manokhin, Evgeny Kozhemyakin, Dmitry Srybnyy

The article considers the peculiarities of interaction of depictive and verbal modes in media texts on acute problems. The choice of the topic is conditioned by the situation that has developed in the media discourse of modern journalism. Visual methods of information transfer are beginning to gain more and more importance. The pictorial components of the message start to enter into a complex relationship with the verbal text, which in journalism contains many rhetorical methods. Due to this, the visual component acquires rhetorical connotations and increasingly shows an independent rhetorical potential. Of greatest interest for the study of multimodal rhetoric is the situation when the literal representation of an object turns out to be difficult and forces one to seek creative solutions, forming the individual potential of discourse. This happens in publications on acute social issues. As theoretical and methodological foundations, the most relevant are the conceptual developments of the classics of semiotics, who in their researches studied structural characteristics of visual codes and the interaction of these codes with the verbal text. Also of great interest are the theories of modern scientists working in the mainstream of discourse analysis and semiotics. The authors of the article follow this trend of a multimodal approach and, while analyzing representative examples, identify rhetorical techniques through which the sender of a multimodal message seeks to attract the attention of the audience and make the statement more convincing.