Caspian Journal of Dental Research

8-13

Authors: Akam Saeidi, Mahmood Reza Hamidi, Azadeh Harandi, Mina Habibolahpour*, Hemmat Gholinia

Introduction: The aim of this study was to determine the incidence of dentinal cracks in the mesial root of maxillary molar during canal preparation using Neoniti system in different torque settings. Materials &Methods: In this in-vitro study, 60 maxillary molars extracted for various reasons were selected. The teeth were divided into 4 groups: one group(n=15) without preparation was considered as a control group (unprepared control group), the other 3 groups prepared with rotary neoniti system: group with standard torque (1.5 N/CM2)(n=15), group with high torque (2N/CM2)(n=15), and group with low torque (1N /CM2)(n=15). After a canal preparation procedure, the teeth were horizontally sectioned at 3, 6 and 9 mm from the apex. All sections were examined for determining the presence of cracks using a stereomicroscope. Data were analyzed using chi-square test. Results: There was no crack in the control group. The number of cracks was significantly higher in the high-torque group (80%) than standard- and low-torque groups (20%, 26.7%, respectively) (p<0.001). However, no significant difference was found between the standard-torque group and low-torque group (p<0.001). Conclusion: According to this study result, to avoid crack formation in higher torques using motors with torque control option is suggested.

21-26

Authors: Niloofar Jenabian , Morteza Rahimi Rad*, Ali Bijani, Pasha Ghahari

Introduction: Ability to reconstruct the papilla in anterior maxilla is important aspect of perio-plastic surgery. In most articles, connective tissue is used with different designs of incisions. The aim of this study was to use sub-epithelial connective tissue graft (SCTG) with two types of incisions called papilla preservation and semilunar. Materials & Methods: This basic randomized clinical study was performed on 10 sites in two patients. The patients were selected through inclusion and exclusion criteria. Papilla preservation and semilunar techniques were performed on four and six sites, respectively in the anterior maxilla. In both techniques SCTG was gained from palate .The apico-coronal and mesiodistal changes of the dark triangles were measured after 3 and 6 months. Landry(Healing) index was measured after 14 days and one month,Visual Analogue Scale (Esthetic) index was estimated in 3 and 6 month after surgery and Visual Analogue Scale (VAS ) index was analysed as well . Data were analysed using SPSS. Mann- Whitney, Wilcoxon and Paired t- Test were measured. Results: Mean±SD of mesiodistal distance in the time of surgery was 2.00±0.000 in semilunar and 2.1±0.629 in papilla preservation technique whereas after 3 months, it was 1.33±0.016 and 1.37±0.478 for semilunar and papilla preservation, respectively and after 6 month was 1.00±0.000 for semilunar and 1.25±0.500 for papilla preservation. Mean±SD of apicocornal changes by semilunar incision in the time of surgery ,3 month after and 6 months later was 2.67±0.516 ,2.25±0.612and1.91±0.204 whereas by papilla preservation was 2.50±0.577,2.25±0.500 and 2±0.000, respectively. Conclusion: Both techniques had positive effect on papilla reconstruction and the outcome was the same in both groups.

37-42

Authors: Akam Saeidi , Mahmoud Reza Hamidi , Abolfazl Davoodabadi , Elham Mahmoudi , Soraya Khafri , Zahra Nikouee Rad*

Introduction: Root treatment will not be successful, without a proper root canal irrigation with less disadvantages and antibacterial effect. The aim of this study was to compare antimicrobial effect of cedar extract and 2.5%NaOCl on E. faecalis. Materials & Methods: In disk diffusion test, a standard suspension of E. faecalis (ATCC 29212) was cultured on plate and different concentrations (0.05, 0.15, 0.25, 0.35, 0.45 g/ml) of methanolic or hydro-alcoholic extracts, 2.5% NaOCl and physiologic serum (as negative control) were infused on paper disks. The inhibition zone measured after 48 h. In microdilution test, serial dilution of methanolic and hydro-alcoholic extracts, 2.5% NaOCl and physiologic serum in 1:2 proportion was performed in Brain Heart Infusion (BHI) culture medium. Then, standard suspension of E. faecalis was added to each well of micro plate. Data were analyzed using ANOVA. Results: Hydro-alcoholic and methanolic extracts had antibacterial effect on E. faecalis. Inhibition zone of 2.5% NaOCl was significantly higher than that of other extracts (p<0.001). In microdilution test, E. faecalis bacterium was sensitive to both hydro-alcoholic and methanolic extracts but it was more sensitive to 2.5% NaOCl. Conclusion: Totally, 2.5% NaOCl had the highest antibacterial effect on E.faecalis followed by hydro-alcoholic and methanolic extracts. NaOCl is an effective irrigant in root treatment until the studies like this can find a good alternative for it.

49-57

Authors: Maysam Mirzaie, Mohammad Mehdi Naghibi Sistani, Valiollah Arash, Azin Miar*, Manouchehr Rahmati Kamel

Introduction: The aim of this study was to recognize and investigate the expectations of patients and their parents from orthodontic treatment in order to increase the satisfaction from treatment outcome and enhance the patients’ cooperation in Babol in 2017. Materials & Methods: Totally, 200 people (100 patients aged 12-18 with one of their parents) who were attending for their first orthodontic treatment session participated in this cross-sectional study. Participants completed a self-administered questionnaire which was translated by Forward-Backward method from English to Persian language. Data were analyzed using SPSS 22 through descriptive statistics and t-tests. Results: The most important expectations of patients and their parents from the first appointment of orthodontic treatment were check -up, diagnosis, discussion about treatment, and oral hygiene checking. Patients’ expectations from first appointment were higher than their parents in “brace being fitted” (p=0.001), lower in “have a discussion about treatment plan” (p=0.006), “have x-rays” (p=0.003), and “have oral hygiene checked” (p=0.03). The highest expectation of patients as well as their parents from the type of orthodontic treatment was fixed braces. The main expectation of patients and parents from orthodontic treatment was the demand for straightening teeth and improving aesthetics. Conclusion: Parents than patients had more reasonable expectations from the first appointment of orthodontic treatment. Parents had higher expectations from orthodontic treatment benefits. Age and gender did not have significant effect on the type and level of expectations of parents and patients.