European Journal of Contemporary Education

756-765

Authors: Elena Bendíková, Gheorge Balint

The current modern lifestyle of the 21st century has acquired a hypokinetic and sedentary character among the school population, which was further strongly supported by the global Covid-19 pandemic. This further supported the space for the upward trend of diseases, which also include disorders in the musculoskeletal system, postural health. The aim of our study was to find out and point out the factors, which determine the quality of postural health in adolescent students, and their mutual relationships. The sample consisted of 518 students in Slovakia, 266 girls aged(x) 16.5 ± 2.1 years (body height(x) 169.6 ± 6.8 cm, body weight(x) 60.2 ± 7.2 kg) and 252 boys aged(x) 16.9 ± 1.9 years (body height(x) 177.3 ± 8.5 cm, body weight(x) 66.4 ± 7.1 kg). In terms of data acquisition methods in the observed, standardized methods of physical education and pedagogical practice were used. The findings show that in the overall physical regime of students there are significant differences between the genders to the detriment of girls (p < 0.05) in terms of volume of physical activities, frequency and intensity (p < 0.05). The sedentary lifestyle in both genders showed a lack of physical activity in association with poor posture (r = 0.789) (sagittal and frontal plane). Also, higher food intake than energy expenditure results in higher body weight in the sample, which was reflected in the lower limbs (LL to X, r = 0.717 and foot pain r = 0.739 and fallen arch r = 0.726). In the observed sample, incorrect wearing of school bags was also found, significantly (p < 0.05) to the detriment of girls, as well as wearing incorrect shoes for both genders. These findings suggest that there are risk factors in students' lifestyles that contribute to the quality of their postural health, which need to be given much more attention in terms of primary prevention in both school and out-of-school environments. This project was supported by VEGA 1/0427/22 “Prevention of students' postural health by physical activity".

788-796

Authors: Diana Denisova, Elena Strandstrem, Elvir Akhmetshin, Denis Nikolenko

The purpose of the study was to investigate the effectiveness of simulation training in enhancing the knowledge and practical skills of emergency medical service (EMS) specialists. With the evolving landscape of healthcare, the demand for proficient professionals capable of managing medical emergencies has grown significantly. Universities are embracing innovative training methods, including simulation technologies, to prepare students effectively for these crucial roles. The study was conducted in the first semester of the 2021–2022 academic year, involving 120 university students in their 5th and 6th years of study. The paper sheds light on the positive effect of various types of simulation training on the level of training of emergency medical service specialists. The authors seek to demonstrate the necessity and efficiency of innovative technology in practicing practical and communication skills. Various forms of simulation training (medical team lessons, joint drills, masterclasses) are a highly efficient system of practical training for students. The results of the empirical study lead to the conclusion that various forms of simulation training (medical team lessons, joint drills, masterclasses) present a highly efficient system of practical training for students and enable students to improve their practical emergency medical care skills. Medical team classes are a priority form for practicing the algorithm of cardiopulmonary resuscitation. Joint drills are used to practice organizational and practical skills in coordinating the actions of various services in emergencies. Masterclasses should be used as an element of practical training with large audiences.

810-825

Authors: Mukhadin A. Eskindarov, Yulia M. Gruzina, Valentina N. Pulyaeva, Marina A. Ponomareva

Developing the potential of young adults is impossible without education, including higher education. Opinions vary on how grades affect further success or failure of an individual, however, educational results are first and foremost evaluated by academic performance, which depends on many factors. Some of them can be influenced by professors and other university staff, as well as parents, schools and other professionals, such as career counselors. One of the deepest and most important issues to study is student motivation. The objective of this work was to study the connection between motivation for high-performing studies and the level of academic performance among students of various levels and areas of study at the Financial University. The research was conducted through a sociological online survey of a wide sample of students at the University. The survey enrolled 1324 students of all years, faculties, full-time and part-time forms of education. This article presents the results of a three-stage study: the first stage was related to researching the characteristics of academic performance among students, the second stage was focused on the connection between motivation for high-performance learning and the level of academic performance among students at various levels of education (undergraduate/graduate). Finally, at the third stage, we studied the connection between motivation for high-performing learning and the level of academic performance among students of various faculties. The results showed that the higher the progress of students is, the more their intrinsic motivation prevails, and vice versa, students with low progress incline to extrinsic motivation and amotivation. The practical significance of the results obtained is that they can be used for creating various programs of additional extracurricular activity in universities, for career guidance for school students and higher school applicants, and for consultations, including admission consultations with young adults and their parents.

838-848

Authors: Elena V. Frolova, Olga V. Rogach, Rinat V. Faizullin

In modern conditions, Russian universities are focused on the active introduction of digital technologies in the educational process, the use of various combinations of online and offline learning. The rapid change in the landscape of higher education determines the scientific significance of research on the effectiveness of mixed forms of student learning, including assessments of synchronous and asynchronous modes of online classes. In the course of working on the article, the authors used the results of a questionnaire survey of students (N = 1,107) conducted in June 2021, as well as focus group interviews (N = 23) conducted in May 2023. The purpose of the article is to analyze the perception of the problems and benefits of blended learning. The results of the study showed that students rate synchronous forms of online learning (video conferencing) in real time more highly (compared to watching pre-recorded video content). The advantages of synchronous forms of learning are associated with maintaining stable communications with the teacher and the group during the lesson. The formation of communication links, the ability to maintain a discussion "here and now" combines the advantages of traditional interaction in the classroom and the advantages of remote learning. The results obtained indicate the limits of the total digitalization of education, the need to create conditions for contact work. The students were asked about the effectiveness of transferring traditional forms of conducting classes (a lecture by a teacher/making presentations at a seminar) to an online environment. The students with a low level of self-organization (often distracted, combine work and study) are most critical of traditional pedagogical practices implemented online. Such students tend to blame the low level of their motivation on the ineffectiveness of blended learning. Students with a high level of self-organization highly appreciated the effectiveness of traditional forms of conducting classes online.

862-873

Authors: Ignat Ignatov, Mario T. Iliev, Plamen S. Gramatikov

The training on Non-equilibrium processes in allocated areas in physics was primarily developed by Anton Antonov (1934–2021) from 1984–2011. During this time, physics students at the South-West University "Neofit Rilski" in Blagoevgrad were trained. Oleg Mosin (1966–2016) at Moscow State University of Applied Biotechnology performed the education with a nonequilibrium process in physics and chemistry. The authors participated in a program for laboratory experiments on non-equilibrium processes. The processes are at the interfaces between solid-liquid-gaseous media. They also participated in scientific research and analysis of non-equilibrium processes under various natural and laboratory conditions. In the laboratory, conditions were created models near to natural environmental conditions. There are two main directions of study. The first direction involves the analysis of laboratory effects in corona gas discharge at the interfaces of air-solid surface and air-liquid medium-solid surface. The photographic registration method used is called electrophotography. Antonov and co-authors obtained electrophotographic images using a polymerized methacrylate film on a metal substrate rather than a photographic film. In the second direction, the analysis focuses on the discrete evaporation of water droplets placed on a solid surface inside a hermetic air chamber. The restructuring of hydrogen bonds between water molecules is analyzed. The obtained spectra are called the Non-equilibrium Energy Spectrum (NES) and the Differential Non-equilibrium Energy Spectrum (DNES). In the second direction, analyses are conducted using test samples and control samples. During the training, students acquire skills in analyzing non-equilibrium media in air-liquid medium-solid surface systems using methods such as infrared spectroscopic analysis, statistical analysis, measurement of electrical parameters of liquids, pH, and oxidation-reduction potential (ORP). Electrochemical studies are conducted on various types of water in accordance with Ordinance No. 9/2001, Official State Gazette, issue 30, and decree No. 178/23.07.2004 of Council of Ministers, Bulgaria, about the quality of water, intended for drinking and household purposes.

885-892

Authors: Venera Vala Këndusi, Zamira Gashi Shatri

Teachers must always increase their knowledge and develop personally and professionally since teaching is a process that needs to be expanded and improved. This is increasingly in harmony with the perspective of lifelong learning as a characteristic feature of the complexity of the teaching profession, with the main aim of adapting to the rapid changes in development and the current needs of the time. The aim of this study is to look into the impact of professional development on improving teaching quality and the school's cooperation with teachers in achieving professional development. This paper uses a qualitative research method, where 13 principals of primary and lower secondary schools of the Municipality of Gjakova in Kosovo have participated in the research. From the principals' responses, data were collected based on their opinion regarding the professional development of teachers and practices of cooperation and ensuring the professional development of teachers in the schools where they work. The results of the research show that the professional development of teachers is considered necessary and important in facing more successfully the challenges of the teaching and learning process, teachers adapt more easily to changes in the educational system and can advance faster in terms of personal and professional.

909-919

Authors: Andrés Felipe Mena-Guacas, Camilo A. Velandia Rodriguez, María Belén Morales Cevallos, Norberto Díaz-Díaz

There is broad agreement on the positive impact of social interaction on students’ learning. However, it has not been analysed whether the role they play in the learning environment is related in some way to the interaction among them. In this study, the relationship between the role played by an actor in a learning environment and the frequency and quality of the social interactions is analysed. An activity was designed to foster and facilitate social interaction among students using the WhatsApp platform. This initiative thoughtfully outlined various roles that students could undertake, alongside establishing specific categories meticulously designed to facilitate the comprehensive analysis and quantification of the quality of these interactions. A comprehensive analysis was conducted on a substantial dataset consisting of a total of 1,136 messages. With these data, a correlation analysis was conducted with the Kruskal-Wallis’s test and then a post-hoc test with the Mann-Whitney U test was also performed. The results show that there is no relationship between the role played by actors and the interaction they conduct in a learning environment. Another reading of the same point is that any effort to promote social interaction in learning environments will benefit all the actors involved, regardless of the role they play.

928-935

Authors: Tuong Nguyen Van, Phuc Nguyen Hong, Duc-Tai Nguyen, Thuy Ta Thi Thanh

The COVID-19 pandemic has affected several aspects in life globally such as studying, working, recreation and so forth. However, people all over the world still need to keep life going on by one way or another. Especially education should be maintained under certain adverse circumstances. Teachers and institutional staffs are working multiple times harder not only to give lessons to students but acomplish various tasks besides work simutaneously. This may lead to stress and other mental health problems as a result. The purpose of this survey was to explore the reality of the basic psychological need satisfaction and frustration of them. Using the conceptual framework of quantitative research, a survey was conducted in Ho Chi Minh University of Social Sciences and Humanities among lecturers and staffs with 147 participants on October 2021. Internal coefficient and exploratory factor analysis were performed to examine reliabilty and validity of the measure, decriptive analysis was used to determine means of basic psychological need satisfaction and frustration among lecturers and staff; t-test and ANOVA were calculated to examine the differences in the need satisfaction and frustration among sociodemographic variables. The results showed that the basic need satisfaction and frustration scale was valid and a six-factor solution fitted the data in Vietnamese context. Basic psychological needs satisfaction (M = 3.71, SD = 0.52) is higher than basic psychological needs frustration (M = 2.63, SD = 0.65) of participants during COVID-19 pandemic. The sub-scale of each need satisfaction and need frustration varied with the sociodemographic charateristics. The implications of the results and limitations are also discussed.

948-961

Authors: Elena N. Ovchinnikova, Yuriy N. Kozhubaev, Viacheslav Yu. Ivanov, Larisa I. Pechinskaya

This article analyzes the applicability of information technology in Foreign Language distance teaching to students of technical specialties. The article reviews modern technology of Foreign Language distance teaching to students of technical specialties, exploring their advantages and disadvantages. The LMS (Learning Management System) is theoretically analyzed. The principles and features of educational courses developed on the Moodle platform are discussed. A set of English vocabulary and grammar exercises and tests is developed, using the distance learning technology of the «Distance Learning Technology Portal of Peter the Great St. Petersburg Polytechnic University». The experiment was conducted to confirm the effectiveness and feasibility of using distance learning technology based on the Moodle distance learning management system in the study of foreign language by first-year students of technical specialties of Peter the Great St. Petersburg Polytechnic University. Statistical analysis of the results of the post-experimental cross-section in the experimental and control groups was conducted, using Student's t-test. The article demonstrates the effectiveness of remote support for undergraduate students of non-linguistic specialties studying the basic course of English. It is concluded that it is expedient to include the Moodle distance learning system into the educational process.

977-986

Authors: Aksholpan Serikkyzy, Aliya Sarybayeva, Aknur Batyrbekova, Nurdaulet Shektibayev

Today, the teacher faces many practical problems and problems related to improving the quality of education. Solving these tasks requires the formation of functional competence, which is an important indicator of the professional growth of a future teacher. However, it emphasizes the fact that the problem of forming the functional competence of a future teacher in certain subjects has not yet been completely solved. The purpose of the research work is to identify the main factors and pedagogical situations in the formation of functional competence of students in the process of teaching physics lessons, to prove their effectiveness based on the dynamics of growth of indicators of functional competence. The study used methods such as direct and indirect educational observations, tests, surveys, qualitative and quantitative analysis, as well as mathematical and statistical data processing. The research made it possible to determine the component part of the student's functional competencies in physics, to determine the pedagogical conditions and external and internal factors necessary to achieve maximum success of the student's functional literacy in the field of studying the natural science cycle of the University. In addition, the structural components and criteria indicators of functional competencies are determined, the dynamics of the growth of indicators through pedagogical experiment is shown. The results of the study will serve as a great scientific document for subsequent research in the field of functional competence, and will also have a huge impact on the development of science and technology, if viewed from the side of professional activity.

1002-1013

Authors: Aleksandr M. Tamitskiy, Liya A. Melkaya, Olga V. Eseeva

Young people constitute one of the risk groups most vulnerable to transmission of terrorist ideology and susceptible to entanglement in terrorist activities. This is related to social and psychological characteristics, social status, particular focus of destructive communities on the age group in question as well as increased riskogenics of social environment in general. Identifying subjective images of terrorism in higher education students is relevant since it is necessary to improve preventive actions taken by educational institutions alongside academic, nurturing and leisure activities. The article provides an overview of research on the subject specified and the results of a sociological survey conducted in two largest higher education institutions in the Arctic region of the Russian Federation. The survey took place from November to December 2021 and involved 3966 bachelor’s, specialist’s and master’s degree students majoring in the following fields: natural sciences, engineering and technical studies, information technologies (IT), social sciences and humanities, psychology and pedagogics, economics and management, medicine. The article indicates certain correlations between an academic major of responding higher education students and knowledge-based, context-dependent, competence-related and affective components constituting the image of terrorism as destructive ideology. The author concludes that higher education institutions shall improve the existing models of preventive actions by paying more attention to individual (group) approach.

1031-1036

Authors: Goran Rajović, Sergei N. Bratanovskii, Aleksandr E. Epifanov, Sergey А. Buryanov

This study explores the system of public education in Don Host Oblast in the period 1790–1917. The present part of the study focuses on the period 1790–1900. The principal sources for the study are periodicals associated with Don Host Oblast, including Transactions of the Don Host Statistics Committee, Memorandum Books for Don Host Oblast, Don Host Oblast Directory, and the reference periodical Don Oblast and the North Caucasus, as well as the yearly Most Faithful Report of the Chief Procurator of the Holy Synod. The study’s findings revealed that during the period 1790–1900 Don Host Oblast witnessed brisk development in its public education sector. In that time, serious work in this area in the region was carried out by the Ministry of Public Education and the Holy Synod. By 1900, the Don region had an entire network of schools, which included 15 secondary, as many lower, and more than 1,500 primary educational institutions. For a long time, the region experienced a significant gender imbalance (girls accounting for 10–15 % of the total number of students). In the late 19th century, this imbalance began to decrease, with the number of girls reaching 39 % in 1900 – a definite success in terms of making education equally accessible for both genders in the region.

1045-1056

Authors: Artyom Yu. Peretyatko, Vladimir A. Svechnikov

This work explores the history of everyday life in female schools within the Kharkov Educational District of the Russian Empire in the period 1860–1862. The principal sources for this study are the schools’ annual reports for their first year in operation, published in Tsirkulyar po Khar'kovskomu uchebnomu okrugu. These reports were analyzed, key similarities and differences were identified between the female schools, and conclusions were drawn as to the extent of the influence of local factors on their operation. The schools were analyzed across the following seven aspects: 1) prehistory; 2) Board of Trustees; 3) staff pay; 4) student composition and tuition pricing; 5) teaching staff and the Pedagogical Council; 6) curriculum; 7) budget. The work’s second part is focused on Kozlov Second-Class Female School and Oryol Second-Class Female School. It gives extensive consideration to the local communities’ attitude toward the schools, which is described in the reports in a fairly detailed manner. It was found that neither in Kozlov nor in Oryol did the local community have a very good understanding of what female education was for, with most girls there being totally unprepared for it when starting school. Of note are the two different approaches taken by each school’s administration in that climate. More specifically, at Kozlov Female School a primary focus was on prestigious electives, instruction in fundamental sciences was limited, and the staff who taught these sciences did so for free. Oryol Female School offered just one prestigious elective (French), whilst instruction in core subjects there was fairly high-quality, it was done by male gymnasium teachers, and more of such courses were offered there than at most of the other female schools. There was a difference in the reaction of the two local communities to the above, too – whereas Kozlov witnessed a sort of vogue for placing girls in school, although, in actual fact, most of the parents were little interested in their child’s schooling, the school in Oryol received a reputation as an institution for the poor and had not a single girl student from a well-off family (such girls typically attended a private boarding school). Thus, due to local differences between them, the female schools had different policies in terms of designing the curriculum and dealing with the local community. Technically, choosing not to embrace the fundamental curriculum of a male gymnasium and opting to focus on prestigious subjects could bring a school a situational benefit, making it attractive to a significant number of little-educated parents.

1064-1070

Authors: Irina Yu. Cherkasova, Anvar M. Mamadaliev, Valentina S. Nikitina, Natalia V. Svechnikova

This work examines a set of pedagogical journals published by educational institutions in the Russian Empire in the period 1873–1917. In terms of the study’s sources, use was made of some of the diverse reference literature on the Russian academic periodical press of the imperial period, including the fundamental work by A.V. Mezier, ‘A Dictionary Index of Bibliology’, L.N. Belyayeva’s ‘A Bibliography of Periodicals in Russia. 1901–1916’, and N.N. Ablov’s ‘The Pedagogical Periodical Press (1803−1916)’. The study’s findings revealed that the production of academic pedagogical journals by educational institutions was something quite rare in the Russian Empire. Normally, such journals were produced through the efforts of small action groups and academic clubs functioning at educational institutions. In the period from 1873 to 1917, there were at least 14 pedagogical journals published at educational institutions in Russia (7 in Saint Petersburg, 2 in Moscow, 2 in Orenburg, 1 in Nizhny Novgorod, 1 in Chita, and 1 in Kiev). Most of those journals did not last long, with only two of them, Zapiski Matematicheskogo Kruzhka Pri Orenburgskom Real'nom Uchilishche and Vestnik Psikhologii, Kriminal'noy Antropologii i Pedologii, making it to 5 years. The main reasons behind the closure of the journals were either World War I or the revolutionary events.

1082-1089

Authors: Timur A. Magsumov, Teymur E. Zulfugarzade, Mikhail B. Kolotkov, Sergei B. Zinkovskii

This work examines a set of yearly publications produced by the Arkhangelsk Gubernia Statistics Committee. These publications could be drawn upon for insight into socio-economic development in early 20th century Arkhangelsk Governorate. The principal sources for this study are a set of yearly publications produced by the Arkhangelsk Gubernia Statistics Committee in the early 20th century, namely a set of memorandum books and address calendars for Arkhangelsk Governorate and ‘Arkhangelsk Governorate Overview for 1911’. The study’s findings revealed that the production of yearly publications by the Arkhangelsk Gubernia Statistics Committee in the early 20th century was characterized by impermanence. In 1901–1904 the Committee published address calendars, in 1905 – a directory, in 1906 – another address calendar, and in 1907–1916 – memorandum books for Arkhangelsk Governorate. In addition, in 1912 the Committee released what would be a one-off – ‘Arkhangelsk Governorate Overview for 2011’. When the publication of memorandum books for Arkhangelsk Governorate commenced, there began to be published scholarly articles devoted to socio-economic development in the region. Most of those publications were prepared by staff members of the Arkhangelsk Gubernia Statistics Committee, who also held responsibility for the quality of other materials that were published by it. As was the case in most regions across the country, the production of yearly publications by the Arkhangelsk Gubernia Statistics Committee was cut short by the events of 1917 and the collapse of the Russian Empire.