International Journal of Oral Health Dentistry

Page No. 248-252

Authors: Admaja K. Nair, Valsa Thomas, Tinky Bose C, Sunu Ramachandran

Objective: To develop a clinical decision rule with high diagnostic accuracy to detect mandibular fractures in the oral medicine emergency clinic of a tertiary referral centre. Methodology: A cross sectional study was conducted among 250 trauma patients suspected of mandibular fracture in the oral medicine emergency clinic. Clinical symptoms and signs were recorded in a predesigned proforma. Clinical diagnosis was compared with the gold standard of radiographic diagnosis. Forward step wise logistic regression and recursive partitioning were performed with statistically significant variables, to identify relevant predictors for tool development. It was further refined to develop a maximally sensitive clinical decision rule. Results: Among the total 250 patients, most common age group for mandibular trauma was 21- 30 years with male to female ratio of 3.4:1. Most common cause of facial trauma was road traffic accidents (RTA). 122 of 250 suspected patients had radiographic evidence of fracture. Condylar fractures were most common. Based on forward step wise logistic regression and recursive partitioning step defect, deranged occlusion, sublingual hematoma and crepitus were identified significant of mandible fracure.The rule RRT Mn# (Radiographic Rule in Trauma- Mandibular Fracture) was developed after recoding each case based on the criteria ‘presence of any of the 4 significant variables’ which improved the diagnostic accuracy to 96.4%. Conclusion: RRT Mn# is a simple decision rule with high diagnostic precision that can guide in the clinical diagnosis of fracture mandible.

126-131

Authors: Ankit Gupta, Akanksha Gupta, Luv Agarwal

Introduction of Saliva Saliva is clear viscous fluid secreted by the salivary and mucous glands in the mouth. Saliva contains water, mucin, organic salts and the digestive enzyme ptyalin. It serves to moisten the oral cavity, to aid in the chewing and swallowing of food and to initiate the digestion of starch1 . Anatomy of Salivary Glands Salivary glands are defined as compound, tubuloacinar, merocrine, exocrine glands whose ducts open into oral cavity

137-142

Authors: Luv Agarwal, Ankit Gupta

Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) is a common sleep associated breathing disorder with profound effects on the health and quality of life of individuals suffering from it. Orthodontists should be well aware of the symptoms of this disorder and competent enough to recognize its signs and symptoms. Orthodontics is well suited for treatment of OSA patients due to their expertise and knowledge regarding growth and development of oro-facial and dento-facial structures as well as orthopedic, orthodontic and surgical correction of the jaws and other supporting tissues. The aim of this article is to provide an outlook to the essential role of orthodontists in the treatment of this serious disease

148-153

Authors: Chethan J, Priyanka BB, Sujith, Sarfaraz Hassan

Purpose: To assess the effectiveness of oral health education by dentist and school teacher on school children oral hygiene status in Dharwad city. Materials and Methods: Randomized controlled trial was conducted by selecting 6 schools and were divided into 2 government, 2 un-aided and 2 aided school. One government school was selected for dentist to provide oral health education and another government school for school teacher to provide oral health education. Similarly, with the un-aided and aided school. At the baseline Plaque index (Silness and Loe) and Gingival index (Loe and Silness) of school children was assessed. After 1 and half months reinforcement of oral health education was done followed by assessment of Plaque and Gingival index of school children after 3 months. Data was analyzed using SPSS version 21.0. Intergroup comparison was done using Chi square test, Kruskal wali test. Result: Dentist educating school children showed statistical significant difference in plaque and gingival score in all the 3 school (P < 0.05). School teacher group showed Statistical significant difference in only unaided school (P < 0.05). Conclusion: Dentist is effective in improving oral hygiene status of school children in all the 3 school. Whereas, school teacher are effective in only un-aided school.

161-170

Authors: Hema Seshan, Sheza Shanavas, Ashwini S

Purpose: Benzydamine hydrochloride is a nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug that has shown topical anti-inflammatory, analgesic, anesthetic, and antimicrobial activities most often used in radiation induced oral mucositis. The aim of this study was to assess the effectiveness of 0.15% benzydamine hydrochloride as a mouth wash in subjects with severe generalized gingivitis on comparison with 0.2% chlorhexidine. Methods: In this double-blind, randomized, clinical trial, 30 patients were equally divided into two groups. Patients in Group I were advised to rinse their mouths with 10 ml of 0.2% chlorhexidine(CHX) twice daily, Group II with 10 ml of benzydamine (BZD) mouth wash twice daily for two weeks. The clinical parameters measured were plaque index (PI), gingival index (GI), modified sulcular bleeding index (mSBI). These parameters were recorded at baseline, I week, 2 weeks and 1 month. Results: There was no significant difference when the efficacy of benzydamine hydrochloride was compared to 0.2% chlorhexidine in subjects with severe gingivitis. A statistically significant decrease was observed in PI, GI, mSBI scores at 1 week, 2 weeks and 1 month when compared to baseline (P<0.05) in both the groups although intergroup comparison did not reveal statistical significant difference between the test and the control group. (P>0.05) Conclusions: Benzydamine hydrochloride 0.15% as a mouth wash was as effective as chlorhexidine digluconate 0.2% in reducing gingival inflammation induced due to plaque accumulation thus, controls further disease progression. This chemical agent is also cost effective, easily available, and well tolerated with no reported side effects.

177-182

Authors: Deepika Vyas, Bharath K. Garla, Rushabh J. Dagli, Jitendra Solanki, Divya Parakh, Ashish Vyas

Introduction: Dental caries in pits and fissures lead to various preventive inventions and creativity as blocking the pit and fissures and fluoride treatment. This effort against pit and fissure caries continues, and latest innovations in new materials and technologies tested each year. Keeping this these points in view a study was designed to assess the retention of flowable unfilled composite resin in comparison to a dual staged flowable unfilled and conventional resin-based sealant. Materials and methods: The experimental study was conducted in 30 children aged6 and 10 years, who visited the Public Health Dentistry Department, Vyas Dental College and Hospital. Screening was carried out by trained examiners using plain mouth mirrors, explorers, tweezers and pit and fissure sealants (Clinpro™ Sealant Fissure and filtek P 60 posterior restorative), and light cure. The statical analysis was done by using SPSS version 21(Chicago, USA). The p value≤ 0.05 was found to be statistically significant. Result: When retention was compared between Clinpro and Clinpro + Filtek P60 after 3 months and 6 months, the difference was statistically significant (p= 0.039 and 0.026 respectively, S.) shows when compared the mean surface retention and standard deviation it was found that the mean surface retention was in Clinpro then Clinpro + Filtek P60 higher after 6 months (0.600), as compared to 3 months (0.466). Conclusion: The resin-based unfilled pit and fissure sealant (Clinpro) clinically performed better when compared to and Clinpro (unfilled) resin-based pit and fissure sealants+ Filtek P60 (posterior restorative).

190-199

Authors: Himanshu Aeran, Varun Kumar, Charu Taneja

The prosthetic rehabilitation of an atrophic mandible is usually unsatisfactory due to the lack of support tissues, mainly bone and keratinized mucosa for treatment with conventional prosthesis. The prosthetic instability leads to social and functional limitations and chronic physical trauma decreasing the patient’s quality of life. Severe resorption contributes to the instability and discomfort with the conventional acrylic resin denture. The objective is to develop aim pression technique that provide maximum support of hard tissues and soft tissues. The article in the form of clinical case report describes the process of fabrication of complete denture by using McCord and Tyson and neutral zone to overcome the problem associated with asymmetric atrophic ridge.

206-208

Authors: Hemant Goel, Amita Goel, Ritika Jindal

Pyogenic granuloma is the non-neoplastic reactive soft tissue growth. It is inflammatory hyperplasia commonly affects the oral cavity. It predominantly occurs in second decade of life and commonly affects the females. It usually has asymptomatic clinical course with rarely causing resorption of underlying bone. Complete excision of lesion is the treatment of choice with removal of local etiological factors. We present a case report of pyogenic granuloma affecting mandibular gingival in 32year old female patient. Total excision of the lesion was done with no reported recurrence following a month follow up.