Indonesian Journal of Animal and Veterinary Sciences

233 - 238

Authors: Mubarak Akbar, Sjofjan o, Minarti s

This study was aimed as to determining the effect of katuk (Sauropus androgynus L. Merr) leaf on influence rabbit doe milk production and kits mortality during 3 weeks weeks of age. Twenty four does aged 6-12 months, divided into three blocks, of four treatment diets, were used in our replicity. The diet treatments used katuk leaf meal: 0% (P0), 1% (P1), 2% (P2), and 3% (P3). The parameters observed were: doe’s milk production, kits mortality, kit as level: body weight gain, and immune response. The results showed that supplementation of katuk leaf meal increased (P < 0,05) doe milk production and body weight gain of kits during 3 weeks experiment, whereas mortality and immune responses were not affected by katuk leaf meal supplementation. Key Words: Katuk Leaf Meal, Rabbit Does Milk Production, Kit Mortality

251 - 257

Authors: Jamilah ., Suthama N, Mahfudz LD

A research was conducted to examine the effect of lime and citric acid as acidifier with single step down feeding systems on immune response and production performance of broilers. Treatments applied were P0 (normal diet), P1 (single step down diet), P2 (single step down diet + citric acid 0.8%), P3 (single step down diet + lime acid 0.4% (6.9 ml/100g feed)) P4, (single step down diet + lime acid 0.8% (13.8 ml/100g feed)) and P5 (single step down diet + lime acid 1.2% (20.7 ml/100g feed)). The parameters measured in this research were immune responses (percentage of bursa fabricius, spleen and heterophile lymphocyte ratio/H-L ratio) and production performances (muscle protein mass, feed intake and body weight). Research was assigned in a completely randomized design with 6 treatments and 4 replications (8 birds each). Treatment was given one week until 6 week. The data were subjected to analysis of variance and continued to Duncan test at the level of 5% probability. The results showed that percentage of bursa fabricius were significantly (P < 0.05) different. Treatment P2 (0.13) showed the highest value and significantly different to that of compared to the others P1 (0.08), but the other treatments were the same. Percentages of spleen from treatments P0 and P1 were statistically different as compared to the others. HL ratio was the same among treatments P0, P1 and P3, but it was significantly different from those of treatments P2, P4 and P5. Based on the results of the present study it was concluded that inclusion of citric acid both natural and synthetic forms can improve immune responses and increase muscle protein mass especially due to the inclusion of synthetic citric acid. Key Words: Broiler, Step Down Diet, Acidifier, Immune Response, Production Performance

265 - 273

Authors: April H. Wardhana, Cameron MM, Muharsini S, Hall MJR

The effectiveness of the Sterile Insect Technique program (SIT) to eradicate pest insects relies on the success of mating competitiveness between irradiated male flies and wild type males for the wild type females. It has been successfully applied for the New World screwworm fly (NWSF), Cochliomyia hominivorax but remains unproven for the Old World screwworm fly (OWSF), Chrysomya bezziana. The aim of the study was to develop methods for investigating mating behaviour and mating compatibility of C. bezziana under laboratory conditions. Two methods were used for studying mating: individual mating (method 1) and group mating (method 2). The flies used in this study were 5-7 days old. Twenty four hours after emergence, adult flies were sexed and placed into different cages until studied. The female : male ratio in the group mating was 1 : 5 and the males were marked by painting a dot on the thorax using different oil colours. Observation of mating behaviour was investigated every 30 minutes through 10-20 replications for all methods depending on the availability of flies. Data were analysed using ANOVA and the Student’s t-test, with significance demonstrated at the 95% confidence level. The results demonstrated that the frequency of contacts between males and females at different ages was a significantly different (p < 0.05) and that the duration of copulation was not significantly affected by fly age both method 1 (p > 0.05) and method 2 (p > 0.05). Copulation was only initiated following longer periods of contact, mainly in the range of 270-449 seconds. The highest frequency of copulation occurred between 7-8 days, but the duration of mating was similar between 5-8 days old. The study demonstrated that the methods developed were suitable for a mating compatibility study of C. bezziana. Key Words: Chrysomya bezziana, Mating Behaviour, Copulation, Myiasis

291 - 300

Authors: Nugroho D, Sevilla CC, Angeles AA, Sunarso

This research’s objective was to determine the dietary rumen degradability and growth performances of goats fed dietary treatments. Eighteen (18) female goats were grouped into 6 weight classes for the feeding trial experiment, the average BW of the animals that were used was about 7.96 ± 2.21 kg (CV - 27.76%) and were approximately 1 year of age. For the in situ digestibility, three (3) male mature goats surgically fitted with cannulated rumen were used. Three (3) dietary treatments were used for all studies as follows: T1 - 72 : 28 NDF Forage-Concentrate Ratio; T2 - 64 : 36; T3 - 57 : 43. A RCBD was applied for Feeding Trial and a 3 x 3 LSD was used for In Situ Study. Treatments 1, 2 and 3 did not affect the rate of rumen degradability of DM, NDF and CP at 0 hours, potentially degradable fraction (b) and the rate of degradation of b. The treatments affected the intake rate of forage and concentrates on the DM, CP and NDF. However, the total intake of DM, CP and NDF were not affected by the treatments. Growth performance of goats used in this experiment was not affected by the treatments as indicated by the similar production and efficiency. This means that diets given to native goats with ratio of NDF forage of 72.07% can be applied since the value of the output and efficiency of feed utilization had the same value compared to diets ratio of NDF forage of 57.21%. Key Words: NDF Forage, Ration, Goat