Italian Journal of Sports rehabilitation and Posturology

; 1582 -1596

Authors: Rosario D’Onofrio, Antonio Sicignano, Vincenzo Manzi, Massimo Armeni;

Background– Le lesioni del Legamento Crociato Anteriore (LCA), sia all'innesto ipsilaterale utilizzato per la ricostruzione del legamento crociato anteriore (LCA), sia una nuova lesione all'ACL controlaterale, sono esiti nefasti, per lo status psico-fisico dell’l’atleta che ritorna all'attività sportiva. Gli studi che riportano le percentuali di re-injury del LCA, nelle popolazioni attive, sono presenti in letteratura, ma questi dati non trovano, oggi, sinergie scientifiche. Sfortunatamente, la chirurgia ricostruttiva, finalizzata alla stabilità del ginocchio, non garantisce che tutti i pazienti tornino al loro livello di performance pre –injury. Le ragioni per cui alcuni atleti non tornano ai precedenti livelli di attività, sono diversificate e le nostre conoscenze scientifiche sono limitate. Recentemente, è stata sottolineata l'importanza dei fattori psicoattitudinali alla pratica sportiva. Uno di questi fattori, la Kinesiofobia o la paura di incorrere in una re-injury, può giocare un ruolo significativo, nell'incapacità di alcuni pazienti di tornare con successo allo sport ed al livello di performance pre–injury. Scopo. L’obiettivo di questo studio è stato quello di utilizzare, a completamento del follow up a 6 mesi, dalla chirurgia ricostruttiva del LCA, la Tampa Score of Kinesiophobia (TSK 17), per verificare, il livello di adattabilità psicologica sul ritorno allo sport. Materiali e Metodi. Dal gennaio 2014, al giugno 2018, sono stati valutati, con un follow – up a 6 mesi dalla chirurgia ricostruttiva del LCA, 181 pazienti. Furono abilitati per lo studio, rispettando i criteri di inclusione,86 uomini (età media 28±06 anni e altezza media di 178±05 cm) e 14 donne (età media 24±02 anni, altezza media di 172±03 cm). I 38 pazienti, risultati positivi al Single Leg Squat test, furono invitati, dopo il test, a compilare sia il questionario Tampa Score of Kinesiophobia nella sua versione inglese a 17 items, per valutare il profilo psicologico di adattabilità alla gestualità semplice e complessa, sia la VAS score, per monitorare il livello del dolore durante il test dinamico. Risultati. Dei 100 pazienti operati di LCA, 38/100 presentavano risultavano positivi al Single Leg Squat Test (SLST). I 38 atleti (38%) presentavano un decremento associato, del controllo posturale del cingolo pelvico (pelvic drop controlaterale sul piano frontale) e del ginocchio (valgo dinamico adattativo, osservabile sul piano frontale, durante l’esecuzione del test). L’elaborazione del questionario Tampa Score of Kinesiophobia (TSK.17), ha evidenziato condizioni psicologiche, con alte percentuali di Kinesiophobia ed una media totale di punteggio, pari a 50.1± 4.7 con 30/38 (78,9%) pazienti che all’item 1 della TSK evidenziavano un altissimo livello di kinesiophobia. La Visual Analogue Scale (VAS) for pain presentava una media del Pain Level di 1.5 ±1.9, con 19/38 pazienti che riferivano un’assenza della sintomatologia dolorosa. Alla luce dei risultati della Tampa Score e della VAS non è possibile correlare il dolore, visti i bassi livelli, con un incremento di Kinesiophobia. Sicuramente un follow up, identico, a 12 e 24 mesi ci permetterebbe di indentificare eventuali re-injury ipsilaterale o controlaterali, durante il ritorno allo sport e, quindi, arrivare a risultatati che possono avere una validità di indirizzo scientifico. Possiamo affermare, però, che, sicuramente, l’alto livello di kinesiophobia, può condizionare l’espressività gestuale tecnico-atleta semplice e complessa dell’atleta. Conclusioni. La Tampa Score of Kinesiophobia a 17 items, associata alla VAS, può essere un appropriato strumento, per valutare il profilo di adattabilità psicologica durante il ritorno allo sport post ricostruzione del LCA. Questo nostro studio sottolinea, come esiste, nei 38 pazienti esaminati, una correlazione associativa, tra decremento del controllo posturale del cingolo pelvico e valgo adattativo dinamico del ginocchio, a 6 mesi della ricostruzione del legamento crociato anteriore ed un alto livello di Kinesiophobia. In contrapposizione, la mancanza di omogeneità del processo riabilitativo, non ci ha permesso di effettuare uno screening, sull’incidenza della riabilitazione, sui risultati della Tampa Scale of Kinesiophobia e VAS. Dobbiamo comunque sottolineare, attraverso un’analisi soggettiva deduttiva, nella nostra sintesi conclusiva, come alti livelli di Kinesiophobia, evidenziati, negli sportivi analizzati in questo studio, possono rappresentare un chiaro fattore di condizionamento dell’espressività gestuale, con un incremento dei fattori di rischio di re – injury. Study Design. Oggettiva valutazione di una osservazione clinica tramite un questionario auto compilato: Patient Reported Outcomes Measures (P.R.O.m) di una Survey. Authorship Credit: “Equal Contribution” (EC). Citation Rosario D’Onofrio, Antonio Sicignano, Vincenzo Manzi, Massimo Armeni; Le re -inury del legamento crociato anteriore durante il processo di ritorno allo sport. Fattori predittivi della Tampa scale of kinesiophobia. A Patient Reported Outcome Measures Study; Ita. J. Sports Reh. Po.; 2020; 7; 3; 1582 -1596; ISSN 2385-1988 [online] IBSN 007-111-19 - 55; CGI J OAJI 0,101)]doi: 10.17385/ItaJSRP.20.15070301

1624 -1637

Authors: Bojan Bjelica , Borislav Cicović, Dalibor Stević, Rosario D'Onofrio , Tijana Perović , Radomir Pržulj , Nebojša Mitrović ;

Aim of research was to examine the effects of consuming CR to muscle strength and body composition. Duration of experimental treatment was 8 weeks. Sample consisted of 14 participants aged 24±6months divided into two sub-samples: 6 participants who consumed CR and 8 participants who were placebo group. Strength was assessed using 3 tests: Bench Press 1RM, Leg Press 1RM, and Barbell Biceps Scott – maximum number of repetitions with 15kg load. Following parameters were obtained for the purpose of assessment of body composition: Body mass, Muscle mass, Body Fat, Body Water. Assessment of body composition was performed using bioelectric impedance TANITA BC-545n. Differences between the groups were assessed by ANOVA test of repeated measures. Upon taking insight into the results we may conclude that CR influences changes in body composition: Body mass (.000), Muscle mass (.039), Body Water (.010); effects to Body Fat are not statistically significant. In placebo group changes were noticed only in variable Body Water (.007). Effects to body strength were confirmed in all three variables: Bench Press (.050), Leg Press (.041), Barbell Biceps Scott (.003)., whereas no significant changes were observed in placebo group. CR is efficient dietary supplement for both professional and amateur athletes. Citation. Bojan Bjelica , Borislav Cicović, Dalibor Stević, Rosario D'Onofrio , Tijana Perović , Radomir Pržulj , Nebojša Mitrović ; Effects of creatine monohydrate (CR) to muscle strength and body composition ; Ita. J. Sports Reh. Po.; 2020; 7; 3; 1624 -1637 ; ISSN 2385-1988 [online] IBSN 007-111-19 - 55; CGI J OAJI 0,101)]

1499 - 1503

Authors: Nikos Apostolopoulos

Approaching the concept of the body as though it is a singular entity is a non-starter, for it is a many-splendored thing, a multidimensionality, dynamically plastic, and at times an open-ended affair. With regard to movement, it is understood that the definition of the body is similar to an individual’s perception comparable to the understanding of color, sound, temperature, and that the experience of or with the body, evokes an empiricist notion of existence

1522 - 1545

Authors: Jan van de Rakt, Steve McCarthy-Grunwald

Objective. To give an example what can be an good treatment to counter the Pisa-syndrome by persons with the disease of Parkinson. Method. To give an overview of the assessment and possible treatment possibilities that are the outcome of that assessment. And an search in the literature to find an way that the shortening of the muscle of the spine is treatable. And place that possibilities in the treatment session but also an attempt to bring this change in the ADL of this person. So that the complaints of him has an possibility to be counter also during the day. Results. The greatest result were there, when he was exercising in the water but there was only an short effect of this on land. Through the hypothesis of the effect in water and the discovery of the dynamic proprioceptive /exteroceptive stimuli was it possible to get an grip on the shortening of the spine on land and not only in the treatment but also on some moments in de ADL. Especially the speech/ eating/swallowing component was improved. Conclusion. One case can never be an significant prove that this approach is working but it has learn us that the shortening of the spine ( Pisa –Syndrome) has his roots in an “malfunction” in the brain. That brain is treatable through the right stimuli and will react with an decrease of tone /rigidity but only for an short time and with the possibility to give dynamic stimuli. Further research is necessary to get the treatment for every Parkinson with the Pisa syndrome working. Authorship Credit : The “Equal Contribution” norm (EC). Citation: Jan van de Rakt, Steve McCarthy-Grunwald Possible treatment for the Pisa - Syndrome by Parkinson disease. An case report. Ita. J. Sports Reh. Po.; 2020 ; 7 ; 2 ; 1522 -1545 ISSN 2385-1988 [online] IBSN 007-111-19 - 55 CGI J OAJI :0,101

; 1421 – 1430

Authors: Joksimović Marko , Bjelica Bojan, D'Onofrio Rosario Šljivić Miloš , Jeremić Stefan

Background. Very often the anthropometric parameters (height and mass) are primarily used in the assessment of the morphological status of an individual. Morphological, space is often the subject of a research in the field of physical education and sports. Their analysis can detect certain psychosomatic changes, the trend of their development and possible differences. Purpose.The aim of the research was to analyze the somatic status of students of middle primary school age. Methods. The sample has included a population of 68 primary school students from primary school ″Serbia″ in East Sarajevo (Bosnia and Herzegovina), aged 11±0.5. Two variables body height (AVIS) and body mass (AMAS) have been used to analyze the morphological area. Results. The results of the study have shown that boys and girls are identical in height and weight. Conclusion. Results in the field of physical education become negligible if monitoring and control of anthropological status is not performed. , [Joksimović Marko , Bjelica Bojan, D'Onofrio Rosario Šljivić Miloš , Jeremić Stefan Analysis of the somatic status of elementary school students. Ita. J. Sports Reh. Po.; 2020; 7; 1; 1421 – 1430 ; ISSN 2385-1988 [online] IBSN 007-111-19 - 55 ; CGI J OAJI : 0,101).]

1450 -1478

Authors: Jan van de Rakt, Steve McCarthy-Grunwald

This is an contracture !! We have heard this “Often and almost every time too fast”, That “ An restriction in movement is called an contracture”. This give the physical therapist and others an tool to say: “ That this isn’t treatable”. But is every contractures an irreversible situation and therefore not treatable ? Working in an nursing home, there were so many situations in which there was an “contracture” and always was the reaction, that this wasn’t treatable. Of course, there were joint deformation, that makes an movement not possible and the only cure was and is an joint replacement. But in the nursing home, the most people suffer often from an neurological disease and one of the most remarkable symptoms is the increased tone, together with the loss of selectivity, gives attitudes that had an great “resemblance” with the joint destruction symptoms. That has lead, that this attitude with high tone was called an contracture and regrettable give that almost always the same reaction : “Irreversible and not treatable ”. People with an neurological disease with great loss of control (selectivity) can suffer from loss of mobility, but often it was possible to find, what this loss of mobility caused. Par example an restriction in the extension of knee was caused by the high tone in the hamstrings muscle. Try of change this with stretch exercise, that will give no or almost no reaction, but the reason was and is high tone, that don’t react on stretch alone. That means only, that this therapy isn’t correct or incomplete. And there must be an good assessment, WHY the tone of the hamstrings is so high and not react ? Observe an Individual with an neurological disease and an high tone in his hamstrings and this person has an epileptic insult. He lost his conscious and the tone decrease fast and the restriction ( “the contracture” ) is gone. After that, when he is coming back, the tone will come back. ( Jan van de Rakt, Steve McCarthy-Grunwald Treatment possibilities of “contractures “ by neurological diseases. Ita. J. Sports Reh. Po.; 2020 ; 7 ; 1 ; 1450 -1478 ; ISSN 2385-1988 [online] IBSN 007-111-19 - 55 CGI J OAJI :0,101 )