Italian Journal of Sports rehabilitation and Posturology

Number 2, 2018

926 - 989
Diagonals Part six . Standing up and the static reaction

Authors: Jan van de Rakt, Steve McCarthy-Grunwald

Abstract

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Abstract In this part standing up train and learn on other way is the central issue. In part 5 we expressed the difficulty of the low transfer as possibility to get severe stroke individual out of the bed without using the passive elevator, but the low transfer has his limits and to learn an low transfer with extension of the trunk isn’t logic. Therefore we search for an solution for an standup movement behind an table or bed with an flexion of the upper trunk and support on the not-affected arm in front of the individual. That is the solution to go further after the low transfer. Individuals with an severe stroke are able with facilitation to learn this movement and we have than the possibility to train with task-specific resistance treatment. That will improve the coordination and the power of the muscle pattern and stimulated the learning process and that stimulation goes further in the implantation of this standing up exercise in the A.D.L. in their own context. That context is so full of variation and that is the best learning environment that exist. Therefore must this environment and that at home be so good that it increase the possibilities of the individual independency. Train with this three pillars Task-specific resistance treatment , Differential learning and implementation in the A.D.L. are the best guarantee for success. Further in this part ; an explanation why “active” elevator are very dangerous for the developmental or the conservation of what the individual after an stroke has achieve. The active elevator in the A.D.L. can destroy the standing up possibility within an few month totally. The appendix of part 6 goes about the static reactions. Static reaction plays by neurological patient an very important roll and should be known by all team members, that works with neurological patients. Jan van de Rakt, Steve McCarthy-Grunwald Diagonals Part six . Standing up and the static reaction Ita. J. Sports Reh. Po. 2018; 5 ; 2 ; 926 – 989 ISSN 2385-1988 [online] IBSN 007-111-19-55 CGIJ OAJI :0,101

990 -1012
Training neuromuscolari in età pediatrica. Valutazione della letteratura per un corretto protocollo applicativo nella prevenzione delle lesioni del LCA in soggetti scheletricamente immaturi.

Authors: Rosario D’Onofrio, Pasquale Tamburrino, Vincenzo Manzi, Agostino Tucciarone, ,Rudy Tavana, Jaymin Bhatt, Antonio Pintus, Antonio Bovenzi, Luigi Febbrari, Andrea Licciardi, Carlo Boldorini

Abstract

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Background. Le lesioni all’articolazione del ginocchio indipendentemente dall'età, dal sesso sono comuni in molti sports aventi gestualità ricollegabili a Jumping, cutting e pivoting. Le atlete hanno, come evidenziato nella letteratura scientifica, un rischio più elevato di lesioni al Legamento Crociato Anteriore (LCA). In età pediatrica attualmente la letteratura sottolinea come vi è un incremento, percentuale importante dell’incidenza di queste lesioni dai 5 ai 14 anni. Viene rappresentata anche una importante percentuale di lesioni all’arto controlaterale (32%). Il trattamento chirurgico, nei pazienti scheletricamente immaturi rimane, comunque impegnativo e controverso. Obiettivo. Strutturare una scansione della letteratura atta a verificare se training preventivi neuromuscolari hanno un’influenza positiva nel ridurre le lesioni del legamento crociato anteriore in età pediatrica ed adolescenziale. Ricercare e definire, ove possibile, anche i tempi e le modalità applicative dei training neuromuscolari atti a decrementare il rischio di lesioni del LCA in età pediatrica. Metodo. Abbiamo eseguito, per effettuare una Systematic Reviews, una analisi della letteratura in base agli articoli di Reporting. A questo scopo sono stati visionati i database PubMed, Medline, utilizzando le seguenti combinazioni di parole chiave, “Pediatric ACL Injury, “ ACL injuries in adolescent” , “Female ACL injuy”, “Neuromuscular Training”. Sono stati presi in considerazione, per questa revisione, articoli esclusivamente scritti in lingua inglese. Risultato. Sono stati riscontrati, inserendo la Key word: ACL, su PubMed : 25.280 scientific&medical abstracts/citations, mentre su PubMed Central 20.899 full –text journal articles . Gli articoli relativi alle lesioni in età pediatrica adolescenziale sono stati 501 articoli su Pubmed e 1990 su Pubmed Central. Sono stati ritenuti idonei per la nostra ricerca 88 articoli scientifici datati dal 1979 ad 2017. Dall’analisi effettuata, emerge come Training Neuromuscolari (NMT) in età pediatrica/ adolescenziale si correlano, se collocati in età pre - puberale e puberale, con un positivo decremento delle lesioni del legamento crociato anteriore. I risultati indicano che la profilassi efficace del NMT è influenzata dall’età dei partecipanti, dal dosaggio del NMT, dalla frequenza dal tipo e numero di esercizi e livello di complessità . Conclusioni. “Neuromuscular prevention programs” della durata di 20 min. possono ridurre l’incidenza delle lesioni del lca in età pediatrica fino al 72%. L’efficacia rimane strutturata a parametri fissi e protocolli di training comprendenti “balance, strength, power, and agility drills exercises”. E’ opportuno sottolineare come ad oggi, però nessuna ricerca ha studiato longitudinalmente l’espressività posturale/biomeccanica durante l’età pediatrica/l'adolescenziale atta a decrementare i fattori di rischio di lesioni del LCA.. Pertanto, ulteriori ricerche ed indagini scientifiche su questo argomento sono giustificate. Study Design. Clinical Review (D’Onofrio R., Tamburrino P., Manzi V., Tucciarone A., Tavana R., Bhatt Y., Pintus A., Bovenzi A., Febbrari L., Licciardi A. Boldorini C. - Training neuromuscolari in età pediatrica . Valutazione della letteratura per un corretto protocollo applicativo nella prevenzione delle lesioni del LCA in soggetti scheletricamente immaturi. - Ita. J. Sports Reh. Po. 2018; 5; 2 ; 926 – 1012 ; ISSN 2385-1988 [online] IBSN 007-111-19 – 55 ; CGIJ OAJI 0,101 )

1013 -1062
Diagonals Part 7 Stroke 5 . Walking: What say the scientist and what is best practice.

Authors: Jan van de Rakt, Steve McCarthy-Grunwald

Abstract

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In this part we try to listen to the science, that has and still do over the whole world investigation by stroke patients over the walking aspect and the best way to get the best recovery or compensation. Recovery is only for an group possible, that had an “minor” stroke and there we see that the old system is not too much damaged and recovery is possible. But with greater damage of the brain individual after an stroke must go another way to get his independently and that is compensation. That compensation start with the first movement in bed and will also affect the diagonal. The science has reported that the walking pattern on the EMG don’t change very much after an short period and they said that this pattern are fixed within in certain period. We have our doubt and have search to other forms of training and learning and see that changes is well possible but to be sure the science must investigated that. Here is an problem because science gives another interpretation of the word intensity. For the scientist this is “more time” to do the exercises and in our view, it is the heaviness of the exercises and that can be done by an individual with an stroke an certain time before he is fatigue. In the treatment we start with the individual with an severe stroke that need all assistance to get him on his feet and will have need of an splint on his knee because the power in the knee muscle is to limited, to hold the knee. Regrettable an individual after an stroke that the scientist never investigate because this is too difficult. From this starting point we walk through all the steps, we must make to get independent walking individual when possible and what the problem were when that goal cannot fully reached. And we discuss other forms, approach or new development to get walking possible with the use of the diagonals. Part 8 will discuss other casus with an severe stroke. (Jan van de Rakt, Steve McCarthy-Grunwald - Diagonals Part 7 Stroke 5 Walking: What say the scientist and what is best practice. Ita. J. Sports Reh. Po. 2018; 5; 2 ; 1013 – 1062 ; ISSN 2385-1988 [online] IBSN 007-111-19-55 ; CGI J OAJI :0,101 )

1063 -1074
The Effects of Pilates programs on motor skills and morphological characteristcs of women

Authors: Bjelica Bojan, Joksimović Marko , Seisenbekov Yerlan, D'Onofrio Rosario, Perović Tijana

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Background. Pilates program has taken the leading place among group recreational programs in the last year, and its development trend has been constantly increasing. Purpose. The aim of this research is to determine the impact of pilates programs on motor skills and morphological characteristics of women. Methods. The sample consisted of 50 women, aged 38 to 45 years old. Pilates program lasted 3 months or 24 training sessions of pilates. Variables that have been used to assess morphological characteristics are: height (AVIS), weight (ATEZ), chest circumference (AOGR), waist circumference (AOST), hip circumference (AOKU). For the assessment of motor abilities, five tests have been used: hull lifting on the bench for 30 s (MDZT), push ups (MSKL), deep squat for 30 s (MCUC), deep sit and reach (MPRK), shoulder circumduction test (MISP). Results. The greatest changes on morphological values and motor skills have been measured in the field of strength. There have not been measured significant differences in the flexibility tests. Conclusion. The question arises why there were no significant differences in the field of flexibility tests. The basic assumption is that inadequate tests were selected, and that the selected tests did not cover all the regions of the body. (Bjelica Bojan, Joksimović Marko, Seisenbekov Yerlan, D'Onofrio Rosario, Perović Tijana. - The Effects of Pilates programs on motor skills and morphological characteristcs of women - Ita J Sports Reh Po 2018; 5 ; 2 ; 1063 - 1073 ISSN 2385-1988 [online] IBSN 007-111-19-55 ,CGIJ OAJI :0,101 )

1075 – 1090
Valutazione delle sindromi discendenti di origine temporo-mandibolare

Authors: Manelli Alessandro, Broido Paolo, Schiavone Nicola, Prigione Giangiacomo

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Il sistema cranio-cervico-mandibolare (sCCM) quando funziona in armonia permette l’omeostasi della regione cervicale. Alla sua base funzionale sembra esserci il riflesso trigemino-cervicale capace di influenzare la postura successivamente ad esiti di traumi cervicali, edentulie o disfunzioni comportamentali come la deglutizione atipica. Per questo motivo occorre prendere in considerazione una nuova interpretazione del sCCM che consentirebbe una comprensione di condizioni cliniche specifiche legate agli aspetti della deglutizione o del giunto temporo-mandibolare. Una metodologia clinica associata a precise misurazioni gnatologiche potrà permettere una migliore diagnosi funzionale ed un trattamento clinico più mirato. (Manelli Alessandro, Broido Paolo, Schiavone Nicola, Prigione Giangiacomo Valutazione delle sindromi discendenti di origine temporo-mandibolare Ita. J. Sports Reh. Po ; 2018; Volume 5; Numero 2 ; 1075 – 1090 ; ISSN 2385-1988 [online] IBSN 007-111-19-55 ; CGI J OAJI :0,101).