Asia Pacific Journal of Multidisciplinary Research

1-6

Authors: Roy C. Ferrer, Dexter R. Buted, Irma Mirasol C. Ferrer

The study determined predictors of LET performance of BSEd Science graduates of the four state universities in Region I in the September 2013 Licensure Examination for Teachers using descriptive-correlation method and documentary analysis. It found that graduates were young, dominated by female with high school average grade of 88.731, college entrance average percentage score of 59.1%, and majority attended review classes.The overall academicperformance was 1.995 while the overall LET performance was77.59. Majority passed the LET. Gender, high school average grade, college entrance score, attendance to review class and academic performance significantly predict LET performance. The regression model equation is Y = 0.153a + 0.257b – 10.767c + 1.105d – 5.459e + 75.976 with a margin of error of  4.26 where Y is LET rating; the constant is 75.976; a is college entrance test score; and b, c, d, e are averages in high school, general education, professional education, and major, respectively. Thus, in the event that male and female applicants are tied along admission requirements, males be given due consideration. Universities need to intensify admission requirements and retention policies. School administrators must provide their graduates with review classes. Faculty members should prepare examinations based on the LET examination format.

16-28

Authors: Raquel C. Pambid

The Rapid Reduction of Maternal and Neonatal Mortality is a health system responsive to the needs of all mothers and children. While various efforts are being undertaken to improve the implementation of maternal health program among pregnant women and immunization for children, there is a slow take up of these services. Factors influencing the slow demand for MCC services among mothers and children are not fully known. Factors hindering the delivery of these services need to be probed. This study used the descriptive method of research to describe the responses of mothers about the factors influencing slow availment of Maternal and Child Care Services. There were 396 mothers in Region 1 who willingly participated during focused group discussion. The highly availed services by mothers were: 1. pre-natal service, 2. Immunization, and 3. Family planning. Health services availed by the respondents’ children were: 1. Management of childhood illness, 2. Immunization, and 3. Infant and young feeding. The mothers’ deep concern for her baby’s safety and health; free but limited medical services from competent health workers; inadequate supplies and equipment; distance to the nearest health facility, family income, mothers’ education and dialect for communication influenced delivery of the program. To increase the utilization of MCC services, government hospitals should give free complete MCC services to the poor, the mothers should be informed about the benefits of complete maternal services for her baby and herself, enhance dissemination campaign through leaflets, flyers, pamphlets, and seminars.

36-44

Authors: Amado C. Ramos

Institutions of higher learning across the nation are responding to political, economic, social and technological pressures to be more responsive to students' needs and more concerned about how well students are prepared to assume future societal roles. This study aimed to determine the methods and teaching strategies used by the PSU – CTE faculty members of Bayambang Campus, Bayambang, Pangasinan during the first semester of the school year 2013-2014. The descriptive-correlational method of research was employed in this study where it involved the collection of pertinent data in order to answer questions concerning the current status of the subject of the study. Majority of the faculty members are females, they are master’s degree holders, have a permanent position with an academic rank of instructor, and most of the faculty members are graduate of SUCs. They also have high attitude toward teaching; generally, the faculty members perceived themselves to be often in using teaching approaches and teaching methods; and sometimes in using teaching techniques/styles, instructional support activities, and non-formal activities; and no significant relationships exist between the faculty members’ profile variables and their level of pedagogical approaches in teaching approaches, teaching methods, teaching techniques/styles, non-formal activities and instructional support activities. Teachers should be encouraged to pursue/finish higher education, likewise they should be motivated to conduct research studies like action researches as part of their functions, particularly along their area of specialization. Teachers should be encouraged to explore and view other effective teaching strategies and find more ways to entice other students challenge themselves to create their own strategies to use in the field and to become more global in perspective. The use computer technology can be an effective teaching strategy, especially when students are given information specific to their own situation rather than general information.

54-61

Authors: Rosemarie DC Gonzales, Dexter R. Buted

Climate change has started to significantly affect agriculture and rural landscapes. The Province of Pangasinan including Bayambang is highly vulnerable to natural disaster like flood (NSO, 2010). Farming is one of the sources of income and considering the status of the lands cultivated by the farmers, tenancy and income on invested capital, this study described the economic status of farmers in Tanolong, identified their needs and at the same time address to the fourth fold program of Pangasinan State University which is the extension and community service through a proposed Contingency Logistic Plan as intervention measures to create awareness and prepare farmers relative to climate change. The study used the descriptive method of research. It was found out that farmers have minimal capital that resulted to adverse effect on their income; do not own the land cultivated, there is poor production; and decreased the number of harvested crops .The used fertilizers does not guarantee good production of crops. The fruit bearing trees are out of season due to climate change. The crops were damaged by off season-flood and heavy rains. Climate change brought destruction to crops which could not easily adapt to the soil and strange insects appeared accompanied by disease. Thus, there is a need to partake a Contingency Logistic Plan that serves as the planning framework for the farmers on production, capital flows, control system, communication required in today’s farming environment.

72-79

Authors: Dianne Bautista Solis, Elna R. Lopez

The study identified the profile of the single working mothers in terms of number of children, number of years as a single parent and reason for being a single parent; assessed the single mothers’ stress level and adversity quotient; determined the significant difference of stress level and adversity quotient of single mothers when grouped according to profile variables; determined the best predictor of stress level and adversity quotient. Moreover this research endeavoured to test significant relationship between the adversity quotient and stress level of single working mothers. Lastly, it proposed a stress management program for single working mothers for them to cope with their stress and adversities in life. The researcher employed quantitative method using standardized questionnaires namely Depression, Anxiety, Stress Scale (DASS) and Adversity Response Profile (ARP). The respondents were twenty five (25) single working mothers of the students of Batangas State University. From the results, majority of the respondents have 3 children, widow and in early years as single parent; with a normal level of stress and an average adversity quotient.. There are no significant differences on the stress level and adversity quotient of the respondents when grouped according to profile variables. Finally, stress level has no significant effect on adversity quotient of single working mothers. From the findings, the researcher further recommends that the Office of Guidance and Counseling should update the student information database to determine students with a single working mother. The Parent-Teacher Association may form a single-parent subgroup for the single working mothers to be able to identify to other mothers with same situation. Moreover, the proposed stress management program may be reviewed and implemented by the Office of Guidance and Counseling in coordination with the Parent-Teacher Association of Batangas State University. Future researchers may conduct further studies using other measures for stress level and adversity quotient or they may focus on the children of single working mothers.

94-104

Authors: Abner B. Tupas

This study was conducted to develop and assess the LPU-B High School website as perceived by the faculty members and selected staff and students in terms of content, efficiency, functionality and usability. It also sought to test the significant difference in the assessment of the two groups of respondents; and to propose measures to enhance the website. The applications were built in the web. It comprises of three aspects: a database component, the use of a programming/scripting language, the design and implementation of the graphical user interface (GUI). The user interface was written primarily in Hypertext Mark-up Language (HTML) and Cascading Style Sheet (CSS) and is accessible via any web browser. The processing application handles request/tasks performed by the user on the server side using PHP content management system technology. The server then returns the appropriate information from the database. The data storage is in the form of relational databases using MySQL that stores data needed by the application in its tables. All components of the application, which include the user interface, processing scripts and database reside on the server. The website Uniform resource locator (URL) is hs.lpubatangas.edu.ph.

110-115

Authors: Rene B. De Vera, Irene A. De Vera, Raul Dela Peña

Mollusks are predominantly found inmangrove ecosystems. Nowadays, these are declining due to habitat disturbances. This study was conducted in Western, Pangasinan, with mangrove rehabilitation projects under Community Based Forest Management Agreement. Four mangrove rehabilitation areas were looked into: Pilar and Victory, Bolinao; and Awile and Tori-tori, Anda, Pangasinan. Purposive sampling was done in selecting the mangrove rehabilitation areas. Ten percent sampling of the areas using the belt transect quadrat method was employed. Diversity, dominance , richness and evenness indices for mollusks were determined. Mann Whitney test, Student’s t-test and Kruskal Wallis test were used. A total of fourteen kinds of mollusks species were identified. The species were Tectusfenestratus (fenestrate top), Terebraliasulcata (Sulcate swamp perith), Haliotisovinagemelin (oval abalone), Neritaplanospiraanton (flat spired nerite), Clithionoualensis(dubious nerite), Fasciolaria trapezium (trapezium horse conch), Nasarriuspullus (ribbed dog whelk), Trochusmaculatus (maculated top), Rhinoclavisvertagus (Common vertagus ), Telescopium telescopium (Telescope Snail), Isognomonephippium (saddle tree oyster) Crassostriairedali (slipper oyster), Strombuslabiatus (Plicate conch) and Polymesodaexpansa (Yellowish mangrove clam). The highest mollusks species diversity and richness indeces were observed in Victory, Bolinao. Mollusks species dominance and evenness indeces were highest in Pilar, Bolinao and Tori-tori, Anda, respectively. The study revealed a significant difference in the probability of gathering mollusks species in the four mangrove rehabilitation areas. It is recommended that fisherfolkand coastal communities be educated about the need for mollusks conservation and habitat protection. It is expected that this study may provide light to future research on mangrove fauna particularly mollusks in Pangasinan.

120-125

Authors: Catalina C. Platon

The stethoscope is an acoustic medical device for auscultation where human ear plays significant part. Long before doctors practiced immediate auscultation meaning placing ear directly on patient’s body by Salinsky (1990), then monaural introduced by Laennec; later binaural, Comins’s invention and Cammann developed further. Several decades numerous innovations made predominantly over chestpiece some had drawbacks. Dr Littman introduced teaching stethoscope with two headset and researcher utilized as prior art.Experimental research method used and the study aimed to determine accuracy and measurement of speed of the device in terms of systolic and diastolic blood pressure and acceptability of user. The subjects were 19 clients and 27 nursing students, government /private registered nurses. The device are comparable to single binaural stethoscope in accuracy performance; speed of sound, former is slightly higher than the latter but still considered as normal; the device are acceptable to users; the utility model have no significant difference in accuracy performance and speed measurements of systolic and diastolic. The utility model may be tried in any acoustic activities and may be pilot tested to the Universities animal science courses, veterinary medicine other Colleges of Nursing and all health allied courses.

1-11

Authors: Juvy G. Mojares

This study aimed to determine the construct of extension from the university faculty perspective and the relationship between demographic profile and extension involvement. Twenty-eight faculty members were purposively selected with considerations such as employment status (contractual, temporary and permanent), at least four years in service, and present on that day of distribution of questionnaire forms. Both descriptive and inferential statistics using SPSS program and Wordle application were used to analyze data. Results showed that 58% of the respondents are female; 54% are contractual; 1-10 years in service; 1-5 years in doing extension with 1-5 extension involvement commonly gift-giving and clean- up drive; gender is related to extension involvement; there is a substantial positive relationship between employment status and extension involvement; only 41% of the variance in extension involvement can be attributed to the combined effect of years in service and years in doing extension; nature of extension is service; the purpose of extension is formative; and the level of engagement is already engaged. Based on the obtained results, the study concluded that there are more female contractual faculty members involved in extension activities; gender, employment status, years in service and years in doing extension are related to number of extension involvement of faculty members; the construct of extension is perceived as HEIs’ function to help the needs and in the development of the community since extension is still on the nature of service with formative purpose. Yet, they agree that university extension is already engaged.

16-26

Authors: George P. Compasivo

The main objective of this study was to develop competency standards for Industrial Technology graduates for employment in the construction industry in Region IV-A, Philippines. It specifically identified the basic and core competency standards for industrial technology and determined the degree of importance of competencies needed in the construction industry sector. The study identified 28 common competencies for three areas of specializations in industrial technology namely: electrical, civil and drafting technology. There were 39 core competencies for electrical, 31 for drafting and 38 items for civil technology. A total of 50 panel of experts were carefully selected using the purposive sampling as respondents in the study. Experts are selected based on their technical know-how or proficiency and currently practicing their line of profession in the construction industry. The study used the descriptive-developmental method of research. The Delphi technique was applied to determine if the competency under investigation reached the general agreement of opinions by the panel of experts involved. The findings implied that the newly developed competency standards were good input for curriculum enhancement in the area of civil, drafting and electrical technology. The study recommended the newly developed competencies may be followed by the faculty in the course they teach and the new competency items suggested by the panel of experts for inclusion in the curriculum for the three areas of specializations may be considered during the curriculum revision.

36-44

Authors: Benita Manugas, Maylen Recto, Denise Meriel Sollano, Reynaldo B. Inocian, Rebecca Leslie J. Cabras

This study described the tartanilla’s existence in Cebu as a mode of transportation centuries ago. To answer this, the following objectives are raised: describe a Cebuano tartanilla, determine its significance to Cebu’s local history, analyze its enduring utilization in an urban environment, identify the challenges as a form of transportation and trade, and generate mechanisms how itsstakeholders resolve the identified challenges.The study utilizedan ethnographic design with naturalistic observation, interviews of key informants (KIs), field notes, and photographsas appropriate means for collecting information. The KIs comprised eightkuchero or tartanilla drivers identified through a snowball sampling to be known as KIks (key informant kucheros), in order to get the emic or inside views, and another eight KIps (key informant pasaheros) were selected, through a convenient sampling, in order to get the etic or outside views.Tartanilla symbolized a century old transportation heritage of the Cebu with the kuchero and the pasahero, as living witnesses along the narrow streets of Cebu City, Philippines then and now. This means of transportation used to be a luxury vehicle among the affluent members of Cebuano society in the past. As time went by, the tartanilla, regarded by the local government of Cebu as a means of transportation; but its status was introduced to simple means of transportation among the average masses in the Cebuano community. The pasahero’s interest in saving for money resulted in the existence of the tartanilla. Being a kuchero reflected a sentimental value in inheriting the job handed down across his generations. Part of his inheritance handed on him is the cart and the horse from his family. Though, driving a tartanilla met various problems, it has been a sustainable job for a kuchero to undertake for the daily subsistence. Its significance to the Cebuano history and culture, created an identity worthy of appreciation and preservation among the culture and heritage enthusiasts.

51-58

Authors: Rodin M. Paspasan

The study aimed to determine which approach in the teaching of Mathematics allowed students to achieve a higher mathematical performance and to establish the learning styles of the students to showed greater confidence on a written posttest - the self-paced modular approach or the structured lecture demonstration based approach. The instruments used in the study are Trigonometry Achievement Test (PTAT) designed by the researcher and the Grasha - Reichmann Student Learning Style Survey. Hence. the result shows on the test of significant difference on the respondents learning styles and level of performance established independent learning conditions and demonstrate remarkably higher mathematical performance, respectively. In the light of the statistical analysis and the findings of the study, it could be generalized that SPMA made the students learning styles more independent because they prefer to work at their own pace. Hence, SPMA help them also improve their level of performance in relation to plane trigonometry regardless of their mathematical abilities compared to structured approach. Along these lines, the subsequent recommendations are presented for consideration: The teachers should use collective learning style inventories so that students remain interested throughout their mathematics course. And should use SPMA in teaching trigonometry and other disciplines in the field of mathematics.

66-73

Authors: Ronaldo F. Frufonga, Vilma S. Sulleza

This study attempted to evaluate the quality of life of Muslim traders in Iloilo City. They have traded in this city and resided in its vicinity for several years after migrating from Lanao del Sur when martial law was declared by the then President of the Republic of the Philippines, Ferdinand Marcos in 1972. Most of these Muslim traders were Maranaos who fled and found their way to the peaceful city of Iloilo. The respondents in the study were the 63 Muslim traders in Iloilo City who were selected through convenience sampling method. In addition, data were gathered for the year 2013-2014. The data gathering instrument was adopted from the Quality of Life Index (QLI) generic version III subjected to computer-process and graphically displayed the weighted mean scores of the total quality of life and subdomains using the boxplot presentation. The results revealed that the weighted mean scores for the overall quality of life with all subdomains of the respondents were above 15. This means that Muslim traders perceived the quality of their life as extremely good while they establish their business in the city. Further, they have accepted and established their current condition in Iloilo City especially on health and functioning, economic status, psychological and spiritual and family domains.

82-86

Authors: Ronald O. Ocampo, Normalina P. Usita

Charcoal has been used for healing various diseases, as antidote to poisoning and as purifying agent to filtered water. This study is conducted to utilize charcoal as additives in making cakes. Specifically, it is intended to determine the acceptable level of charcoal when used as additives in the production of brownies, dark brown chocolate, and chiffon cakes. It can be concluded that an addition of 1 tablespoon of bamboo charcoal gave the highest sensory evaluation to brownies and 3 tablespoon to dark brown chocolate .The control ( no charcoal added is still the best treatment for chiffon cake.

96-102

Authors: David. I. Takor, Clement O. Iji, and Benjamin. O. Abakpa

This paper sees interest as a mother of attention and prerequisite for meaningful learning that if generated and sustain in students’ study of algebra will positively affect their study of mathematics in general. Thus, the paper examined the effect of mathematical manipulatives on Upper Basic Education One students’ interest in algebra. Two research questions were asked and two research hypotheses formulated and tested. Algebra Interest Inventory (AII), a 30-item instrument was developed by the researchers. The instrument was validated by five experts, two in mathematics education, one in measurement and evaluation and two mathematics teachers. The reliability of AII was computed using Cronbach Alpha (

111-118

Authors: Elenor M. Reyes, Arnold D. Arellano, John Paolo B. Dela Vega, Joriel R. Jimenez, Rupert John C. Quindong

Poultry is a great potential industry particularly in Batangas Province. The method of feeding chicken needs to be considered as chicken must be fed regularly to be more productive. The conventional method of feeding chicken is the need to continuously provide the food, be alert and conscious on the food remaining in cages and to feed the chickens in a correct period of time to avoid the decline of the production. Growers also find it difficult to manage their businesses effectively because they need to be around the cages every now and then to monitor the poultry. Timing and exactness are the key to provide a uniform time in feeding the chickens. This will benefit the owner of the business in terms of time and effort. Another advantage of this project is in terms of savings to the owner of the poultry business. This technology was designed to automatically feed chickens at a given period of time and to give alarm when the feeds are running out of supply. The power to be supplied to this prototype will be drawn from the sun by means of solar panels and will be stored in typical car battery. The feeds will be stored in a container and evenly distributed by using a conveyor to the feeding basin of the poultry. It will be more efficient than manual conventional way of feeding because less effort will be needed in feeding the chickens and less feeds will be wasted. In addition to that, the stored power can also be used for lighting purposes for the growers to save energy and energy bills.

127-134

Authors: Jo-Mari T. Llamoso, Bryan Harley C. Babaran, Rachel P. Ebreo, Lein Aira M. Hernandez, Jovit C. Mahia

Bioethanol is a form of quasi-renewable energy produced from common agricultural crops like cassava, corn, potato and sugarcane. In order to improve the conversion process, Simultaneous Saccharification-Fermentation process was developed. Saccharification and fermentation are done simultaneously in order to decrease enzymatic end-product inhibition thus producing a better yield. Such process involves the use of bioreactor for controlling parameters like temperature and pH where enzymes can perform its best. In this study, Simultaneous Saccharification Fermentation-Distillation apparatus was designed and developed mainly for the production of bioethanol from cornstarch. The design was based on the idea that there existed so many studies about biomass conversion to bioethanol, but still the country’s modern technology could not suffice the completion of such bioreactor. Design considerations were brought up to enhance the performance of the apparatus. The efficiency of the prototype was measured by comparing the %ethanol obtained from the prototype to that from the laboratory scale. Results from the laboratory experiment and the prototype testing were 6.48%, 6.76% and 7.43%, 9.53% respectively. The mean percent ethanol of the prototype exceeded the mean percent ethanol of the laboratory sample thus proving its efficiency. Temperature ranges during saccharification and fermentation process was resolved thus improving both the yield and process efficiency. Also, the manual laboratory experiment was a laborious and uncontrolled one while the prototype was easy to use and had the capacity to measure and control all the important parameters of the process.

139-150

Authors: Teodorica G. Ani

Economic activity requires a streamlined regulatory environment and effectual policies that are transparent and accessible to all. The study aimed to explain the effect of ease of doing business to economic growth among selected economies in Asia for the year 2014. The study covered 29 economies in East Asia, Southeast Asia, and South Asia. Ease of doing business is determined by the ten Doing Business indicators (DBI) of the World Bank. In the study, Gross Domestic Product (GDP) was used as the proxy variable for economic growth. Descriptive research was the research design used. Multiple regression determined the effect of doing business to economic growth. Compared to other economies, Singapore has the best regulatory performance. It achieved the easiest to do business to five indicators, namely, Starting Business, Registering Property, Protecting Investors, Trading Across Borders, and Enforcing Contracts. In addition, China showed the highest economic growth. The study found out that the variations in ease of doing business was explained by dealing with construction permits, getting credit, registering property and trading across borders. Dealing with construction permits and getting credit have negative effect to Gross Domestic Product while registering property and trading across borders have positive effect. Trading across borders greatly affect gross domestic product among selected countries in Asia. The research proposed inputs to policy which may increase the awareness of local government units of different economies on the simplification of the policies of the different components used in measuring doing business.

160-166

Authors: Neres Ann S. Manguiat, Ovette C. Marco, Catherine Mae N. Miranda, Krizzalyn O. Moren, Rhonel L. Recio, Rejie C. Magnaye

Synthesis gas formation which can be transformed to useful compounds through biomass gasification is perceived as one promising process of biofuel production. A construction, design and development of an efficient and small-scale wood-fired gasifier prototype was made at Batangas State University. This study included the costs and specifications of materials, the design, components and percent conversion of the biomass to syngas by obtaining the amount of the residue. Set of operating conditions were determined so as to achieve a good performance of the gasifier; otherwise it adversely affected the operation of the prototype. The gasifier operates in a condition in which the air flow rate is 560 - 610 cm3/min wherein the valve is half-open and the blower is turned on after 20 seconds. The gasifier will be closed after a minute of start-up. With these conditions, the gasifier works accordingly to a smooth operation. Syngas was composed of methane (2.32 % volume), carbon dioxide (10 % volume), carbon monoxide and minimal amount of hydrogen. Two (2) kg of woodchips with 90.75% conversion was the best amount of feed suited for the operation of the gasifier. This innovation comprises a method which efficiently converts the feedstock thereby enhancing the energy of the syngas produced with by-products at minimum acceptable value. The wood-fired gasifier will be a very helpful tool in contributing to the resolution of pressing social and environmental problems such as energy security and local agricultural waste pollution.

167-171

Authors: Michael Olarewaju Ogundele, Bitrus Dambo Gyot, Gambo Maurice Bwoi

The paper examined the strategies for managing ethical issues for enhancing research integrity in Nigerian educational system. The paper therefore looked at the concepts of ethics and research integrity, the unethical issues being perpetrated among various authors during their research conducts. The reasons why the various authors perpetrate unethical attitudes in their educational research conducts in Nigeria educational. The need to promote ethical value orientation in the conduct or researches in Nigerian. The strategies for resolving ethical issues in research conduct were advocated. It was however recommended among others that ethical value orientation should be integrated into the teaching-learning of research methods in Nigerian higher education. It was however concluded that effective management of ethical issues in the educational research will surely enhance research integrity in the educational research in Nigeria and at the global level.

178-185

Authors: Seth B. Barandon

A government project to be worthy of financing should be geared towards generating not only income but also social and economic benefits to various stakeholders.This descriptive-survey assessed the socio-economic feasibility of the establishment of an extension campus of Camarines Sur Polytechnic Colleges in Balatan, Camarines Sur. It determined the socio-economic characteristics of the respondents and their perceived benefits for the residents of Balatan, business sector, local government unit, and the prospective enrolees in Balatan. Convenience sampling was used for the 106 respondents chosen randomly. Data were gathered thru interview using 3-item guide. Follow-up questions were posed to elicit information that will support prior answers. Data were organized and quantified using percentage. Results revealed that the perceived benefits are opportunity for employment within Balatan, prospect to establish new business, and increase in tax collection. Additionally, other benefits identified are the increase in literacy rate, development of tourism industry, and opportunity for infrastructure development. The proposed project will significantly contribute to the social and economic development of Balatan.

1-9

Authors: Ann Krizzel A. Aban, Lauro L. Fontanil

Involving students in a lecture is an important but not an easy task that every lecturer must encourage. This task becomes even greater in a math class that is composed of eighty to a hundred sixty students. In 2007, the University of the Philippines Los Baños (UPLB) started offering some of its basic math courses in lecture-recitation set-up. This shift and many other factors drove most math instructors of UPLB to widely use presentation software, such as the PowerPoint (PPT), to deliver their lectures. The non-stop use of these softwares, however, seems to have negative effects on the students when it comes to maintaining their involvement in a lecture discussion for they tend to be more passive spectators. On the other hand, adding countdown timers strategically on some parts of the discussion seems to lessen such negative effects. This study determined the effectiveness of using countdown timers in maintaining students’ involvement in a lecture of MATH 27 (Analytic Geometry and Calculus II), a course in UPLB commonly taken by sophomore students. Results show that the effectiveness of countdown timers, as perceived by the students, is independent to students’ genders and degree programs, but is dependent to the colleges where the students belong to. Also, some effects of countdown timers are significantly correlated to various data from students’ profiles. It was concluded in the study that the use of countdown timers is effective in maintaining student’s involvement in MATH 27 lectures and might also be useful in other math lecture classes.

19-27

Authors: Zuchri Abdussamad

Improvement of employees’ performance at government agencies can be done in several ways, for instance, through giving appropriate compensation, motivation, creation of conducive work environment, and through education and training. In addition, comfortable work environment, coordination and communication are factors supporting the performance of the employees in order to reach goals and objectives decided. This research was conducted to find out to what extent the influence of communication climate in an organization on the employees’ performance at Industry, Trade, Cooperation, Small and Medium Enterprise and Investment Agency of Gorontalo city. This research uses survey method and correlational analysis. The result from this research expected to develop employees’ performance development model through organizational communication climate. This research revealed that there was a significant influence of organizational communication climate toward the employees’ performance at the agency of at the Industry, Trade, Cooperation, Small and Medium Enterprise and Investment of Gorontalo city. Through a simple linear regression formula of Y=21.811 + 0.359 X and the correlation value of 0.476 and the determinant coefficient of 0.227 which means that there was a significant influence of organizational communication climate toward the employees’ performance of 22.7% and the rest 77.3% was influenced by other factors that were not investigated in this research.

39-49

Authors: Sonia S. Carbonell

This study aimed to provide valuable information about the realities of the Queen pineapple (QP) farmers in Camarines Norte, highlighting their farming practices and worldview about sustainable development. Most of the respondents are owner-operator having a mean farm size of 1.33 hectares devoted to queen pineapple farming and crop diversification with two to seven crops combined to augment income. Cropping pattern employed by most of the respondents is multiple cropping, specifically intercropping, rotational cropping, and fallowing. Soil nutrient and weed management of most respondents is conventional: inorganic fertilizers and chemical based, respectively. However, pest control management by most of the respondents is of the alternative method. Overall, QP farmer respondents were found to be practicing alternative farming methods. The problems cited by the respondents were mainly production, marketing and communication-related. The respondents showed that they have moved towards alternative farming. However, more attention should be given to soil nutrient and weed management practices. Strengthening communication-related activities, improved technology, and ensured availability of resources is necessary to have good avenue for change. These findings should make agencies concerned to promote alternative farming and sustainable agriculture. The significant attributes of the QP farmer respondents can be used as entry point for any development program to fully advocate alternative farming among the local people as a social movement.

58-67

Authors: Michael C. Godoy

Ergonomics (also called human factors engineering) is the study of human characteristics for the appropriate design of the living and work environment. It is applied in various industrial areas which includes transportation.Tricycle being one of the most common means of public transportation in Lipa City has various adaptations to suit the culture, and environment. The purpose of this study is to analyze the variability in design of the tricycles in Lipa City, Philippines and propose a standard ergonomically designed tricycle sidecar seat for a greater population. The study was conducted at 26 tricycle terminals with 232 tricycle samples within Lipa City proper including the public market area where 400 commuters were given questionnaires to determine the risk factors associated with the existing tricycle sidecar seat design. Anthropometric measurements of 100 males and 100 female commuters were obtained together with the sidecar dimensions of 232 tricycles to substantiate the observed variations in design. Using the design for the average and design for the extremes, it was found out that most of the tricycles in Lipa City, Philippines have inappropriate inclined seat and lowered sidecar seat pan height which can result to leg and abdominal pain; narrowed seat pan depth which caused pressure on buttocks and legs; narrowed backrest width which can cause upper and low back pain; low backrest height that can pose upper back pain; which can also result to abdominal pain; inclined backrest and limited vertical clearance which can cause upper back pain and neck pain. The researcher proposed a sidecar seat design standard which can be used by the Land Transportation Office, and Land Transportation Franchising and Regulatory Board to provide ease, comfort, and convenience to the passengers.

76-82

Authors: Darin Jan C. Tindowen

As it celebrates its 50th year of life of mission and excellence, the University of Saint Louis, Tuguegarao City, Northern Philippines is facing challenges posed in the education apostolate, and one of which is to uphold a good institutional image of being a truly Catholic institution. This study aimed to assess the level of Catholicity of the university along the five key area standards which are communicated vision and mission, religious curriculum, prayer and liturgy integration, service and social justice, and ecumenical initiatives as perceived by the respondents. Two thousand six hundred twenty respondents across the Louisian community were considered in the study through a descriptive survey and Focus Group Discussion. Results show that the respondent school manifests a Very High level of Catholicity along the five key area standards. Moreover, results of the independent sample T-test and Analysis of Variance test reveal that gender, religious affiliations, and student’s educational level affect the level of Catholicity of the respondent school. The study concluded that the University of Saint Louis is a Catholic institution forming and training Jesus’ disciples of today. As an offshoot of the results of the study, a three-year sustainability program for the Catholicity of the institution was developed.

90-103

Authors: Emily Luib-Beltran

The study described the production of intonation pattern of the Non-English major student teachers during their on-campus teaching. The qualitative research method was used to analyze the data and describe their intonation patterns. The utterances were investigated in distinction between falling and rising intonation of wh-questions and yes/no questions. In the conduct of analysis, an interview guide was used to gather data on the language profile of the student teachers. Data confirm that the student teachers’ mother tongue (Filipino) was commonly used in most of their verbal exchanges activities. It is worthy to note that the utterances of the student teachers displayed evidence of intonation patterns variation on wh-questions and yes/no questions. The erratic production of intonation patterns of the student teachers was resulted from the common linguistic phenomenon in which they tended to carry the intonation and pronunciation rules from their mother tongue (Filipino) into their English spoken discourse. This qualitative research study implies that there is an interference of Filipino language in the production of the student teachers’ intonation patterns which describes the Philippine English intonation pattern for wh- questions and yes/no questions. Forthcoming studies may obtain more valued insights by gathering geographically varied samples that would include student teachers across disciplines.

110-119

Authors: Ryan V. Dio

The general expectancies of the enhanced basic education curriculum in the Philippines focuses on the performance standards which can be expressed when students are able to produce products as evidence that they can transfer or use their learning in real-life situations. One way to assess students achievement is through an engaging activities that would require them apply the knowledge and skills acquired in the subject as the outcome of their learning. This descriptive method of research employed content analysis procedures and survey in describing and assessing the significant feature of the mathematical games as potential learning devices developed by the high school students through an engaging task assignment. It utilized purposive sampling techniques in the selection of the respondents and the submitted write-ups of mathematical games for analysis as typical sample in this study. The study revealed that the high school students developed mathematical board games with different objectives and mechanics as inspired by their learning, experiences, hobbies, and interest. Mathematical concepts and processes along numbers and number sense, measurements, algebra, geometry, and probability and statistics were integrated in the game through question card and mechanics of the game itself. The groups of students and teachers have high level of agreement as to the workmanship and usability, mechanics and organization, relevance to instruction/learning, and fun and enjoyment of the game as revealed by their assessment from very satisfactory to excellent level. Results implied that teachers in any subject area may use students’ engagement project as teaching strategy to produce products and performance that would provide evidence of students’ learning. The school curriculum makers may consider the students’ output as subjects of research for further improvements, exhibits, and classroom utilization.

128-134

Authors: Marichu C. Libres

Descriptive survey method through actual resource assessment was conducted to determine the species diversity of macro-benthic invertebrates in the mangrove forest and seagrass beds of Eastern Bohol, Philippines namely: Anda, Candijay, Mabini, and Ubay. The 4 representative sites were chosen through random sampling. In each municipality, the researcher selected a representative area wherein 3 transects were laid perpendicular to the shoreline. The assessment in each transect covered a strip of 4 m by 50 m. All macro-benthic invertebrates intercepted within 4-meter to the left and right of the transect line were identified, counted and listed in a slate board. The data gathered were subjected to Shannon-Weiner Index and Kruskal Wallis Test. In mangrove forests, results revealed that Anda got the highest species diversity index of 1.66 with 11 species. The lowest value which is 1.15 was recorded in Candijay having only five macro-benthic invertebrate species. In the 4 municipalities, a total of 12 species representing 3 phyla were identified. In seagrass beds, 19 taxa of macro-benthic invertebrates were recorded belonging to three phyla. Based on the findings, the researcher concluded that macro-benthic invertebrates in eastern part of Bohol is diverse both in mangrove forests and seagrass beds. Moreover, there is no significant difference in the species diversity among the four representative sites.

144-156

Authors: Jose Ariel R. Ibarrientos

Descriptive survey using questionnaire was employed to determine the extent of implementation and effectiveness of the Student Affairs Services Program of Camarines Sur Polytechnic Colleges in the Philippines for School Year 2012-2013. Generally, administrators, teachers and students articulated that CSPC’s Student Affairs Services Program was effectively implemented. Of the services provided, Guidance and Counselling and Housing Services show lower significant results in terms of effectiveness. T-test shows that there is no significant difference between its implementation and effectiveness. Significant agreements between the three groups of respondents were identified using the Kendall Coefficient of Concordance. Improvement of the delivery of CSPC’s Student Affairs Services Program will be effective upon adopting the researcher’s Comprehensive Development Plan.

163-170

Authors: Ian Christian P. Cosido, Cristian John Urtola, Rhea Mae A. Ponce, Reynaldo B. Inocian, Rebecca Leslie J. Cabras

This study determines the economic potential of chicharon business in Carcar City, Cebu, Philippines. It answers these objectives to: (1) check its profile with reference to: capitalization, volume of products, types of products, marketing, profit and number of workers; (2) ascertain its problems; (3) assess its economic potential to different stakeholders, namely: business owners, workers, vendors, and the community; and (4) evaluate its effects to the other sectors of the city.This study used an ethnographic design with naturalistic observation, interviews of key informants, field notes, and supported with secondary data. KIs were interviewed through interview guides, during their most convenient time. To observe ethics, names of KIs and other stakeholders were held confidentially. The findings were validated through expert triangulation. The chicharon business contributed to Carcar’s small scale industry. Despite various challenges faced; it continued to grow, contributing to the socio-economic development. Its potential cascaded to other economic sectors, especially for the city’s viability as a tourism hub. For further investigation, these are hereby recommended: culture and heritage advocates may continue to find ways to preserve the city’s centuries old delicacy; adoption of new technologies to make the products competitive in local and global markets; and follow up studies to sustain the business’ economic potentiality. Government agencies may continue its present programs to sustain the business; strong financial assistance; improved environmental sanitations; programs and trainings, efficient machinery to help the business prosper and make Carcar a potential tourist destination.

179-186

Authors: Ronald O. Ocampo, Glenor Ancheta, Jenny Mae Baddo, Winealyn Dugay

Traditional classroom situation where students are taught predominantly of lecture-discussion method put the classroom in a mathophobic atmosphere. Oftentimes, students exposed to this classroom atmosphere lead to math anxiety and eventually hate the subject and the teacher. Addressing this, varied interactive strategies to create an atmosphere of discourse has been developed and promoted. The use of instructional games has been viewed as one strategy that promotes active learning inside the classroom. Instructional games support constructivist learning and social learning. This study is aimed at developing, validating and evaluating card pairing games for specific topics in Math 8. The Research and Development model ( R& D) was used. The card pairing games was validated by subject experts and experts in developing games. In evaluating the card pairing games, the Quasi-Experimental Pretest-Posttest design was used. There are six card pairing games developed for specific topics in Math 8; the card pairing game is highly valid based on the result of the validation; Students exposed to card pairing game become more intact (homogeneous); Students exposed to card games enhance academic performance. It is recommended to test the effectiveness of card pairing games to other group of students; Encourage math teachers to use the developed math card pairing games for classroom instruction; Develop other card pairing game for specific topics in math.

1-8

Authors: Joanalyn C. Estioco, Maylen G. Eroa

For a time, pronunciation teaching and practice has been put aside in many English language classrooms perhaps due to the belief that pronunciation is a weak measure of a person’s English proficiency. The declining English proficiency of Filipinos, especially in speaking, is something that needs to be given careful and immediate attention. The response of the education sector in this issue is highly critical and necessary more than ever before. Since higher educational institutions provide the final frontier of education and training before participants become part of the local and international work force, these institutions are in the best position to make significant interventions; thus, this study. This experimental research aims to investigate the effects of using multimedia drills in college students’ English pronunciation training. First, the most common pronunciation errors are identified; second, a pre-test-post-test experiment is performed to test if the use of multimedia drills help minimize the errors; finally, a pronunciation module is developed. The findings of the study reveal that the most common pronunciation errors are /ð/, /z/, /θ/, /æ/, and /i/. Two tests are used in the experiment: listening and speaking tests. In the listening test, the experimental group performs better than the control group; however, in the speaking test, the experimental group also performs better than the control group but the difference is not statistically significant. The effect of the use of multimedia drills on the experimental group is significant for the listening test but not for the speaking test; hence, the multimedia drills has an effect in improving the perception of the critical English sounds but not their production. It is therefore recommended that pronunciation training be conducted for a relatively longer period so that the use of multimedia drills may have a significant effect on the students’ production of English speech sounds especially those which pose the most difficulty.

14-21

Authors: Ivy Corazon B. Panelo

The study aimed to analyze the Passion for Philippine Social Transformation in the Novel Ilustrado of Miguel Syjuco. In view of the prevailing social problems encountered in the Philippines such as social injustices, corruption, and the like, and the need for transformation or change of its societal structures, the researcher’s interest being a literature teacher is aroused or stimulated. The qualitative approach was used in this descriptive study of the novel of socio - political nature in order to project a social transformation through critical investigation on the values projected in it . Hence, the study used analytical approach, psychological approach, philosophical or moral/ethical approach, and sociological approach in analyzing its content. Results showed that social transformation in making wise preferences, having smooth family relationship, and decreasing social injustices apparently were the social transformations depicted in the novel . The author’s rejection to join politics and desiring to expose social ills were the major incidents in his life that showed his passion for soc ial change. The structures of the society that needed to be changed were moral values of the leaders, personal interests, Filipinos culture, and the motives of the politicians to maintain their hold in power. The use of symbolism as the predominant literary device gave the readers clearer picture of the condition of the society and understanding of the author’s passion for Philippine social transformation. The moral ethical values of courage in saving other’s lives from devastation, honesty to self and to t he country, devotion to Filipino writings and writers, faith in God, and forgiveness reflected in the story were made alive and real in the readers.

34-40

Authors: Macey A. Mahawan, Ma. Francia N. Tenorio, Jaycel A. Gomez, Rosenda A. Bronce

The study focused on the Characterization of Flour from Avocado Seed Kernel. Based on the findings of the study the percentages of crude protein, crude fiber, crude fat, total carbohydrates, ash and moisture were 7.75, 4.91, 0.71, 74.65, 2.83 and 14.05 respectively. On the other hand the falling number was 495 seconds while gluten was below the detection limit of the method used. Moreover, the sensory evaluation in terms of color, texture and aroma in 0% proportion of Avocado seed flour was moderate like and slight like for 25% and 50% proportions of Avocado seed flour. On the otherhand, the taste of the biscuits prepared with 0% Avocado seed flour was moderate like, in 25% proportion of Avocado seed flour were slight like and in 50% proportion was neither liked nor disliked. The overall acceptability results for 0% proportion of Avocado seed flour was moderate like and slight like for 25% and 50% proportions of Avocado seed flour. Furthermore, t he computed p values for the comparison of the level of acceptability in terms of color, texture, aroma, taste and overall acceptability of biscuits using 0%, 25%, and 50% avocado seed flour were lower than 0.05. Thus the null hypothesis is rejected.

46-53

Authors: Rebecca M. Nunesca, Aile T. Amorado

This study aimed to use and apply lean tools as ways of improving manufacturing systems that lead to reduction of wastes and standardization of cycle time. Model A in Line 1 at sewing section was the focus of the study. The researcher used questionnaires, 5S Audit checklists,and Time Study forms in information-gathering and cycle time-computation . Based on the observation done, the company does not have a standard operation time. Similarly, the researcher observed non - value activities such as unnecessary transportation and manual counting , and there were also product defects due to poor 5 S and WI P inventories . After considering lean tools , using process flow and cycle time analysis, the standard time was determined. Likewise, the non - value a dded activities were reduced, thus productivity was improve d. After lean implementation, 100% efficiency was achieved, the rejection rate was reduced to 0.08% and zero WIP inventories in Line 1 became a practice . Lean tools brought significant changes in providing smooth process flow and productive operations , which in turn, give a remarkable contribution in achieving company’s goals , focus on the customers , giving quality products at the right time and at the right place. Therefore, the full implementation of BY Garments would contribute in gaining more profits .

62-67

Authors: Boyet L. Batang

Reading is done to extend one’s knowledge, to enrich one’s experience and to develop desirable attitudes, habits, skills, and interests in reading. It is the most useful means for learning among students. Employing Metacognitive strategies enable student s to comprehend easier and read faster. This research aims to draw the relationship between the awareness on metacognitive strategies and reading comprehension levels of prospective pre - service secondary teachers. Results revealed the respondents’ readin g comprehension level had a significant relationship towards Metacognitive strategies they apply in understanding text in English that is, those who apply effective strategies in reading had higher comprehension level in reading. It is recommended that th e teachers should teach and emphasize the advantages of applying Metacognitive strategies in reading. Thus, students’ reading comprehension level will be enhanced.

76-81

Authors: P e a r l J o y c e Berana, J o m a r i Montalbo, D a r y l Magpantay

The nth triangular number, denoted by T (n), is defined as the sum of the first consecutive positive integers. It can be represented in the form of a triangular grid of points. As a result, this study discusses the triangular numbers and its properties.

90-98

Authors: Kim Rommel Panaguiton, Jose Roland Paulma, Angela Chan, Erika Grace Dimaala, Carl Vincent Mondejar, Rhodella Ibabao

The aim of this study is to assess the level of service quality of the Iloilo Dinagyang Festival, one of Philippines’ most prominent cultural festivals. Current festival studies are focused on the quality improvement of service organizations and recreation industries. Nevertheless, being an abstract concept, the measurement & analysis of service quality is still under continued development with numerous models applicable for different tourism activities. In lieu with this, the researchers aim to put into context the gap mentioned by making an attempt to measure the level of service quality of the 2014 Dinagyang Festival using one of the leading service quality assessment models. Purposive sampling with thirty foreign tourist respondents was used in this study. The Childress-Crompton model was utilized to assess the respondents’ perception of service quality based on four key service dimensions. The study concludes that foreign tourists who attended the festival were satisfied with the event’s generic and specific entertainment features, and neutral with regards to information sources and comfort amenities. As to the over-all relative level of importance of the four dimensions, the ranking is in accordance with existing literature. Furthermore, statistical tests revealed significant differences on how the different sexes and age groups rated some of the festival’s key service dimensions. In conclusion, improvements in the festival should focus on cleanliness, information dissemination, and refinement of comfort amenities.

109-117

Authors: Erich D. Cruz

This study aimed to evaluate Worktext in Drafting Technology 4 (Mechanical Drafting) for Ba chelor of Technology (BT) major in Drafting Technology. It was conducted at University of Rizal System with twenty Drafting and Mechanical Technology professors as respondents . The study used the descrip tive evaluative method to describe and evaluate the developed Worktext in DT 4 using the questionnaire - checklist in gathering data. They were asked to evaluate the worktext through the following: objectives, contents, activities, presentation and style, organization, creativity, evaluation, accuracy, com pleteness and appropriateness. It was found out that the developed worktext with respect to objectives was highly agree, contents was highly agree, activities was highly agree, presentation and style was agree, creativity was highly agree and evaluation w as highly agree. Meaning that the items with highly agree interpretations attained excellent level of acceptability while those with agree interpretations obtained extensive level of acceptability with fully achieved and above average Drafting standards, respectively. It was also found out that the developed worktext in terms of accuracy was high, completeness was very high and appropriateness was likewise ver y high. The researcher recommends that the developed Worktext in Drafting T echnology 4 may be ad opted for use by the Bachelor of Technology major in Drafting Technology students.

125-137

Authors: Aile T. Amorado, Leo Angelo B. Dimayacyac, Marinel B. Medrano, Rhea C. Velasquez

This study aimed to determine the optimal location for BUKLOD-UNLAD Multi-purpose Cooperative (BUKLOD)’s CERDO Real Meat products distribution centers and to identify the market condition once the optimal location was identified. The said cooperative from Dagatan , a barangay of Taysan, Batangas , Philippines identified the need to create distribution center specifically in District IV of Batangas Province due to the growing demand for their real meat products in the area . Hence to address this need, a study to identify for its optimal location was requested by BUKLOD from the researchers . First, interviews with the management and members of the cooperative were done by the researchers to identify the requirements in establishing a distribution center . In the same way, consultations with the 7 municipalities of District IV were piloted to inform them accordingly about the said project . Moreover the researchers also referred to t he Co mprehensive Land Used Plan 2012 - 2022 of each municipality provided by the Provincial Planning and Development Office along with geographical maps gathered from the Provincial Engineers Office to acquire specific data on locations of the involved municipalities. Through various facility planning tools such as Factor Rating Method, Analytical Hierarchy Process and Center of Gravity , the researchers identified Rosario , Batangas as the best location for establishing the distribution center . After a market study was conducted, the researchers further proved the viability of establishing BUKLOD’s CERDO’s products’ distribution center in the area.

150-157

Authors: Maulana Yusup, Aan Hardiyana, Iwan Sidharta

The development of information technology is to create the paradigm shift in public services by government agencies, particularly in the payment of taxes. The purpose of this study is to determine the user's perception of e - billing in paying taxes. The study population were employees of the 17 companies in the textile and garment industry in Bandung, West Java and the sample was taken by simple random sampling with as many as 269 people involved from 17 indust ries in textile and garment units . Analysis of data was using Structural Equation Modelling (SEM). The results showed that there was a significant effect of perceived ease of use, subjective norm, perceived usefulness, facilitating condition of the attitud e, toward the attitude and the intention to use. Thus, it is evidence that e - billing based services may be one way to improve service of government agencies to facilitate the payment of taxes.

1-9

Authors: Edi Waluyo, Ali Formen

This paper describes preliminary findings of a study on Indonesian teachers and parents’ perspectives of quality preschool program. It departs in one hand from the context of the Indonesian government massive promotion of early childhood programs and on the other hand of the country top-down, government-dominated quality system. Moreover, it is contextualized within the growing body of literatures, which emphasizes the centrality of quality issues to early childhood service and the notion that quality is a complex, contextual, multifaceted construction and idea. This study found that even though parents and teachers’ constructions of quality share some commonalities with those of the government-constructed ones, they significantly differ. The government-constructed quality framework for example emphasizes on teacher formal qualification, but teachers and parents have moved beyond such formality and urged the importance of teacher personal character.

17-23

Authors: Magdalena M. Ocbian, Mary Anne F. Suod, Jhonson G. Garduque Jr., Leny F. Bringino

Several studies have proven the superiority of using mother tongue in improving the pupils‟ performance. Research results revealed that using a language familiar to the pupils facilitates reading, writing and learning new concepts. However, at present, teachers are confronted with the insufficiency of instructional materials written in the local dialect and accepted by the end-users as possessing the qualities that could produce the desired learning outcomes. This descriptive evaluative research was conducted to address this problem. It determined the level of acceptability of the six researcher-made big books as mother tongue-based reading materials in Bulusan dialect for Grade 1 pupils. The big books were utilized by 11 Grade 1 teachers of Bulusan District to their pupils and were evaluated along suitability and appropriateness of the materials, visual appeal and quality of the story using checklist and open-ended questionnaire. Same materials were assessed by eight expert jurors. Findings showed that the big books possessed the desired qualities that made them very much acceptable to the Grade 1 teachers and much acceptable to the expert jurors. The comments and suggestions of the respondents served as inputs in the enhancement and revision of the six big books.

29-35

Authors: Elisa D. Gutierrez, Kerstin Mae L. Amul, Rafael M. Carpio, Adrian Rex M. Toledo

The study aimed to determine the effects of selected fermentation parameters on bioethanol production from ripe carabao mango (Mangifera indica) peelings. Based on the results of the study, untreated peelings has compositional analysis in w/w% of 41.51%, 32.10%, 25.94% and 20.05% of extractives, holocellulose, alpha cellulose and acid insoluble respectively. On the other hand, after dilute acid pretreatment, the compositional analysis of extractives, holocellulose, alpha cellulose, acid insoluble lignin, acid soluble lignin and hemicelluloses were 15.71%, 76.01, 73.21%, 48.88%, 5.57% and 2.81% respectively.Findings also showed that there is a significant difference in the aforementioned properties before and after undergoing dilute acid pre-treatment.

43-49

Authors: Alade Y. Saliu, Rotimi A. Gbadeyan, Jackson O. Olujide

The prevalence of civil disorder and cultism in higher institutions of learning in Nigeria and the apparent inability of security operatives to stem the tide has continued to be a source of concern to both the Government and Individuals in recent times. This study examines the effect of organisational commitment on job satisfaction among security operatives working in Nigeria universities. In this study a sample of three hundred (300) security operatives were selected from both public and private universities in Kwara State. Data were collected through self-administered questionnaire and analysed through Descriptive, Comparative, Regression analysis and Spearman Rank Correlation. The findings revealed that these security operatives, a positive relationship exists between organisational commitment and job satisfaction with affective commitment having little or no significant relationship and continuance commitment having significant positive relationship. The study also found that the level of affective commitment was significantly lower than the other components. The study thus concludes that there is a significant positive relationship between organisation commitment and job satisfaction amongst the security operatives. Based on the findings, it was recommended that the selected Universities should focus on improving affective and normative commitment among security operatives in order to be able to deal with the problem of high job turnover and poor performance.

59-65

Authors: Rowena R. Abrea

This study explores the co-curricular and extra class activities of selected Tertiary Education Institutions (TEIs ) in Batangas Province and the impact of these activities to students’ development. The descriptive method of research was utilized with the use of a questionnaire as the main data gathering instrument, supplemented by documentary analysis, interview and focus group discussion. Respondents of the study were 16 administrators, 96 faculty members and 494 student officers from nine selected colleges in the province. Frequency, percentage, ranking, weighted mean, and one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) or F-test were the statistical tools used in the study. Results of the study revealed that all the colleges have recognized student organizations, and its membership except in student government was based on students’ interests. The goals were in line with the vision and mission of the institution and membership fee was the primary source of fund. The respondents assessed that there was an extensive participation of students in co-curricular and extra class activities. The strategies applied were effective and delivery systems were frequently used by the students’ organization. It was found out that the administration was supportive in student activities specifically in the use of physical facilities. The findings revealed that the identified activities contributed to a great extent to students’ mental, social, physical, behavioral and moral development. The strengths of the activities were evident, however, weaknesses were sometimes observed. A management guide on co-curricular and extra class activities was the output of the study.

72-77

Authors: Rufina C. Rosaroso, Nelson A. Rosaroso

The study described how performance-based assessment was used in selected higher education classrooms in Cebu City, Philippines. Purposive sampling was used in the selection of six students from one sectarian and one non-sectarian institutions of higher learning. A qualitative content analysis was used in analyzing the key informants’ verbatim accounts, gestures and other factors. Motivation to learn, self-regulation and willingness to work in group were the emerging categories/themes identified in the study.

85-92

Authors: Romel M. Aceron

Teaching English advanced grammar and composition to college students is important as it provides them with high level of understanding and competence in the language. It guides them in putting words together into sentences and makes them orally produce sounds clearly and effectively. This paper aims to determine the attitudes and behavior towards advanced grammar and composition teaching among freshman college students of Batangas State University. Descriptive method of research has been used to analyze and interpret data. The following instruments such as self-made questionnaire, focus group discussion, data analysis, interview guide, have been utilized to gather data. To analyze and interpret data, mean scores have been used. Pearson’s (r) Product Moment Correlation Method has been utilized to treat the null hypothesis with regard to the attitudes and behavior of the students towards advanced grammar and composition teaching. Based on the findings of the study, the students sometimes understand and feel the subject matters, i.e., morphology, phonology, grammar and usage, and mechanics and composition writing. They are also sometimes ready in particular lesson and activity which are given to them in class. The study also reveals that there is no significant relationship between the students’ attitudes and behavior towards AGCT. In this regard, college students taking advanced grammar and composition course must be well-motivated to understand, and must have the readiness to perform the activities entail in the subject areas of morphology, phonology, grammar and usage, and mechanics and composition writing through teacher’s varied approaches, strategies, researches, and integration.

100-106

Authors: Froilan G. Destreza

Technologies have reached the classroom. It is one of the means of teaching strategies nowadays. Multimedia projectors have become one of the teaching tools the teacher cannot bear without it. The concept of making this tool to be interactive and easier to use was far conceived by the researcher. The researcher’s objective was to develop such tool and evaluate it according to its portability, simplicity, robustness, user-friendliness, effectiveness and efficiency. The respondents of the project were both the students and teachers of Batangas State University ARASOF-Nasugbu. The researcher has developed different prototypes for the interactive pen and tested in different environment and demonstrated the “know-how” of the project. The project was built using a simple infrared light emitting diode (IR LED), infrared tracker, and software which computes, detects and interact with the application program. Evaluation of the project followed the demonstration. The project got a high acceptance according to its portability, simplicity, robustness, user-friendliness, effectiveness and efficiency. The researcher is recommending the full implementation of the project in the Batangas State University ARASOF- Nasugbu and for better enhancement of the project by eliminating the pen.

113-116

Authors: Christopher M. Cordero, Neil M. Mame

A new method to solve the solution set of polynomial inequalities was conducted. This research provides a novel method in solving the solution set of polynomial inequalities, in addition to other existing methods.

124-128

Authors: Mali Mokaramanee, Wisanee Sintrakul, Anchalee Chantapho

This investigation was deigned to develop a teacher’s handbook for desirable characteristic creation from heritable literature for Thai youth in schools in Bangkok. The conceptual framework was developed by analyzing four pieces of heritable literature: Ramayana (King Rama I Issue), I-nao (King Rama II Issue), Khun Chang – Khun Phan (National Library Issue) and Phra Aphai Mani (Sunthorn Phu Issue). The research results found that there are nine current problems that need to be overcome in order to develop desirable characteristics for youths in schools. There are additionally eight desirable characteristics that need to be developed among youths, based on the statement of the Office of the Basic Education Commission. The investigation found that families, social media, community and religious leaders and schools all have an important role in promoting or creating desirable characteristics for youths. The content analysis found that all but one piece of heritable literature analysed contained content according to the eight desirable characteristics for youths. The handbook developed from the four pieces of heritable literature could be divided into four books for each piece of literature, which can be used as classroom teaching materials to create desirable characteristics for youths.

133-139

Authors: Diana, M.

Art, one of the elements of human culture has been evolving over a long time. It is a product of working which involving skills, creative, sense, thought and heart sensibility to produce a piece of work, beauty, and harmony. The aim of this research was to find art activities for children with personal intelligence. In term of my hypothesis, children have ability to adapt and confidence to show their feelings, also demonstrate cooperated work with others. Singing and drawing were used as treatments to present how it all works to show any influence for children in the classroom. These activities were chosen in order to capture the condition as singing and drawing were rarely used by teachers in managing children in the first time they came into the classroom. Researcher discovered that drawing was one of the activities teachers used only in a spare time, otherwise as a stimuli to adjust children in the new place. This condition also happened in singing activity, teachers tend to introduce national anthem and let students only to memorise the songs. Using T-test for analysing the data, researcher found out that Fsum= 3,604 and Ftable = 2,861. It meant that there was a significant interaction between singing and drawing activity with personal intelligence to children adaptation skill.