Economica

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Authors: Iulian MUNTEAN, Diana CIOBANU, Natalia VIHOCENCO

The article provides an analysis of the problem of positive attitude towards work, environment and society. These components play an important role in the way of attitude manifestation and are crucial for performance of individuals and entire society. Happiness is a lifestyle. Happiness can be learned.

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Authors: Sergiu PETROVICI, Sergiu MIRZA

This paper considers the specifics of the cereals market research and the concept of the strategic development of the cereals market based on marketing approach. Special attention is paid to the evaluation of the marketing potential as a means of finding out the advantages and disadvantages of competitiveness regarding the development of the cereals sector in the country. For greater clarity authors formulated the main improvable directions of the cereals market mechanism in the Republic of Moldova.

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Authors: Veronica MIDARI

Vocational education and training is a priority for Moldova. The purpose of technical vocational education reform is to ensure synergy between education and economic system, so the national economy to benefit from quality workforce. The traditional model of VET system is out-dated. In this context the experience of other counties with different models of organization of VET system is very relevant, namely the dual education model, the model of enterprise within the school, market model (based on the workforce demand of employers), the model of institutionalization of mechanisms for interaction between education and the economy. In order to revise local traditional way of organization of VET system is important to analyse the specific aspects of nontraditional models. In parallel with the streamline of national VET system is necessary to institutionalize the adequate mechanism of interaction between education and economic systems. The article presents a description of institutions needed for ensuring the social dialog for the development of VET system.

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Authors: Petru BACAL

The paper gives a complex analysis of the methodology of taxes for use of biological resources in the Republic of Moldova. There have been identified the main problems of implementation of those taxes and made recommendations for its optimization. The area of centralized application of fees for use of biological resources is very limited, being focused on harvested timber from state forest fund. The tax revenues for wood are very small to support the conservation and restoration costs of forest resources. The main recommendations made by the author for reforming of taxes for use of biological resources are focused on extension of taxation area and on increasing the quantum of payment for harvested timber.

10

Authors: Irina ROITMAN

Contemporary tourism industry is in the process of globalization. This fact determines the development of the concept, standards and methodology of estimating the quality of tourism services. The author investigates the current state of affairs related to the theoretical, methodological and applicative developments which are important issues to be taken into account for both, international and national, tourism in order to be competitive in a market under globalization.

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Authors: Nadejda BOTNARI, Ana NEDELCU

All companies claim performance. Financial performance represents the objective of any enterprise, because only through performance a company is able to grow and progress. The first step that leads to control and eventual performance is its evaluation. Performance measurement is necessary, because thereby businesses have the ability to assess the level of the achieved objectives, to evaluate their performance and to develop goals for improvement. Performance evaluation contributes to the prosperity of the enterprise by highlighting the strengths and weaknesses of the business through a better understanding of consumer needs and identifying opportunities to improve its activity.

5

Authors: Alina IANIOGLO

This article reveals the essence and features of calculating the break-even point and the financial safety margin. There has been presented the methodology of determining the level of economic security, depending on the values of considered indicators. This dependence is shown in the graph for ease of application. There has been calculated and determined the level of security on the example of a certain agricultural enterprise of the ATU Gagauzia.

6

Authors: Grigori BORTA

It is difficult to imagine modern world without information technologies. They are widely used on domestic, corporate, state and international levels. But even though these technologies offer multiple benefits, they can be used for both good and bad. Sometimes, users are eager to sacrifice security of their personal data for the sake of convenience. The damage of this domain’s existence is obvious. For example, according to the data provided by FBI, during the last 14 months, malefactors have stolen around 215 million US dollars using just a single scam, related to compromised corporate e-mail addresses. 1198 of the victims were US citizens, and 928 citizens of the other countries, thus totalling the number of victims to 2126. It is important to note, that US citizens suffered much more damage, totalling 180 million US dollars, or in other words, 84% of total damage done.

8

Authors: Tatiana DIACONU

During the first years of independence, the Republic of Moldova has focused its external policy, especially commercial, more to East than West. Lately there has been a decisive trend of external policy directed to the integration of the Republic of Moldova with EU, currently becoming a major priority with opportunities, especially for agro-food sector. This article aims to evaluate the export potential of agro-food products of the Republic of Moldova in various market segments, examining also the opportunities they might have, either on the EU market, or the case when was opted for integration into the Customs Union.

8

Authors: Boris CHISTRUGA, Dumitru SIMONOV

The article addresses the issue of energy security in terms of energy intensity. Development of the economy is closely related to the availability of energy resources, ensuring energy security and energy efficiency, so that the energy sector is an important element of the economic and social activity. The evolution of the energy consumption is closely correlated with economic growth and energy intensity represents qualitative and quantitative expression of the efficiency of using energy resources. For the Republic of Moldova it is particularly important to act for increasing energy efficiency since it improves country’s competitiveness and reduce external energy dependence in the context of rising prices and the difficult geopolitical environment.

9

Authors: Natalia MARINOVA

This paper explores the use of artificial neural network applications in resolving complicated classification problems. The main target is to outline the most important economic areas where they can successfully be applied and to reveal their capabilities for relatively correct predictions of an emitted bond’s rating. To achieve these goals we have investigated the specialist literature dedicated to the existing problems and have analysed some empirical data from different author’s works.

10

Authors: Ion BOLUN

Seven situations of „votes-decision” (VD) methods of monotonicity, with their expansion path specification covering a wide range of possible situations, are defined. General properties of monotone VD methods are identified and the monotonicity state of parties’ influence power related to the input parameters of six defined situations, are elucidated.

5

Authors: Lilia COVAS, Andreea GRADINARU

The premise of the present paper is the acknowledgement that one of the major oversights of the economic discipline has been the gap created between its social science side by definition and its object, which is the study of human interactions. The study of any human activity should never overlook the generating factor, which makes economic interactions possible: human beings. In this respect, the purpose of the current paper is to give a great importance to human behaviour. In order to reach this objective, we will provide an overview of a new branch of economic science which questions the postulates of traditional economy, namely, the behavioural economics. This appeals to knowledge from psychology and other social sciences, studies the individual with its manymanifestations and holds the human behaviour as the main hypothesis.

7

Authors: Rodica CERNIT

In modern conditions, an important target for municipal entities is solving the problems related to the financial crisis and creating conditions for further innovative development. The main condition for stable operation of municipal entities is ensuring a balance between the local budgets based on real appreciation of the financial situation of financial entities.

7

Authors: Constantin ANGHELACHE, Mădălina-Gabriela ANGHEL

This paper proposes two analysis models for the Gross Domestic Product, by taking into account the correlation between the employment rate and the GDP per capita indicators and respectively the final consumption. The correlation is established and analysed through linear regression, and the models are thoroughly tested against potential issues.

8

Authors: Elena NIREAN

In the process of transition to a competitive economy that characterizes the last decade of the development of the Republic of Moldova, in the conditions of acute economic crisis and shortage of resources, particular importance belongs to the efficient use of existing resources and, above all,human resources, which in their capacity as provider of labour, determine the successful functioning of the other productive elements. The use of the “labour” factor is not perfect. The size of labour supply does notalways meet labour demand, the imbalance between them leads to the phenomenon of underemployment and unemployment.

9

Authors: Petru BACAL

In the present paper is performed a comprehensive analysis of the methodology and implementation of tax for the use of subsoil. There have been identified the main achievements and problems of subsoil tax reform and proposed optimization recommendations. Amount of the fees for the use of mineral resources varies only in relation to the costs of their extraction. The current methodology does not account of qualitative and quantitative differences of these resources and their operating conditions, the environmental damage caused the cost of restoring the fertile layer of soil and affected groundwater. For achieving measures to protect of subsoil is allocated an insignificant part of the revenue, and environmental and economic effects of these taxes are reduced. A difficult problem is massive tax evasion and numerous unauthorized quarries.

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Authors: Boris CHISTRUGA, Vasile -Valentin STAN

The turbulences caused by an economic crisis are so complex that the rise of a problem creates a series of other issues which, in turn, cause problems with respective effects. The health system is one of those directly affected by the crisis, and in turn, created negative effects on human resources, the main element to activate a healthy economy.

11

Authors: Rodica HINCU, Svetlana BILOOCAIA

Based on a comparative study of the capital markets’ characteristics in developed and developingcountries of the European Union and the Republic of Moldova, conducted from the perspective of indicativeand functional approach, the present article highlights the main challenges to improve the local stock market and identifies the main directions of modernization, so as to ensure the fulfillment of its specific functions.

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Authors: Elena BADARAU

Fraudsters send fake emails or set up fake web sites that mimic Yahoo!’s sign-in pages (or the sign-in pages of other trusted companies, such as eBayor PayPal) to trick you into disclosing your user name and password. This practice is sometimes referred to as "phishing" — a play on the word “fishing" — because the fraudster is fishing for your private account information. Typically, fraudsters try to trick you into providing your user name and password so that they can gain access to an online account. Once they gain access, they can use your personalinformation to commit identity theft, charge your credit cards, empty your bank accounts, read your email, and lock you out of your online account by changing your password. If you receive an email (or instant message)from someone you don't know directing you to sign in to a website, be careful! You may have received a phishing email with links to a phishing website. A phishing website (sometimes called a "spoofed" site)tries to steal your account password or other confidential information by tricking you into believingyou're on a legitimate website. You could even land on a phishing site by mistyping a URL (web address). Is that website legitimate? Don't be fooled bya site that looks real. It's easy for phishers to create websites that look like the genuine article, complete with the logo and other graphics of a trusted website. Important: If you're at all unsure about a website, do not sign in. The safest thing to do is to close and then reopen your browser, and then type the URL into yourbrowser's URL bar. Typing the correct URL is the best way to be sure you're not redirected to a spoofed site.