International Journal of Humanities & Social Science Studies

01-10

Authors: Dr. Abhijit Chakraborty

Surendra Kumar Chakraborty’s novel ‘Narishakti Ba Aushrumalini’ is regarded as the first successful social novel in Barak Valley. Here an attempt has been made to study the place of this novel in the light of development of the tradition of the novels written in Barak Valley given special emphasis on the social, cultural aspects of the Valley.

20-26

Authors: Payel Dutta

Of all the methods of knowledge perception (pratyaksa) in by for the most important, for the obvious reason that it in the most fundamental. It supplies the corner stone of philosophy of the world. In Indian Philosophy almost every school has its own theory of Perception. The term ‘Pratyaksa’ is both used for Pratyaksaprama (perceptual knowledge) and Pratyaksa Pramana (Perceptual method). In this paper I explain the nature of Pratyaksa Pramana. In Indian Philosophy knowledge is divided into Pratyaksa and Paroksa. The term pratyaksa etymologically consists of the two elements prati which means to, before and aksa which means sense-organ or aksi which means eye. So in common par lane it has come to mean present to or before the eyes or any other sense-organs. For this, most of the Indian philosopher define perceptual knowledge as which in generated from the contact between sense-organ and object. So the sense-organ plays a key role in the context of perceptual knowledge or pratyaksa prama. The nyaya philosopher considers sense-organs as the extra ordinary cause ( asadharana karana) of perceptual knowledge. Technically they say ‘prama karanam pramanam’. In this paper I also discuss how sense organ would be the karana of perceptual knowledge.

41-47

Authors: Mamoni Mahato

Narendranath mitra , assaulted in the war dispute agitation, is a short story writer in the twentieth century . The life of this century is woven in the warp and woof of expectation and non-pro-curement , void of love , taciturnity and mechanism and ideal and degradation . Naturally there is much repercussions of complexity and conscience in the literatureI am trying to clarify how the flow of short story in twentieth century literature touches the feelings moods and becomes the carrier of modern idealism. Narendranath mitra is the short story writer of the fourth decades in the twentieth century. The decade is called as the transition period of Bengali short story. The real , vivid picture of erosion of middle class values , the changing position of women have been reflected in the writings of Narendranath Mitra. In his story, the weal and woe, laugh and cry, pleasure and sorrow in the lifestyle of the middle class society have been painted clearly. He has shown the dream of freedom from the bandage of society depending on love of women, respect and fraternity under the circumstances of refugee problem, riot and after war atmosphere. Despite the atmosphere of dejected and despondent world he has unveiled the path of transition lightening the ray of hope from the gloomy state. The women society being influenced by the ideology has declined to tolerate the authority of patriarchal Society. By earning themselves in the society they want to live with self respect to experience the right to education and the right to women. It bears the indication of strong protest against the injustice of worn-out Society. The movement in women’s advancement has gained a new milestone in the twentieth century after the renaissance in nineteenth century literary movement. The progressive thinking of women gains a new dimension in Narendranath Mitra’s short stories ‘ Avinetri’, ‘Abataranika’, ‘Mahasweta’, ‘Ras’, ‘Setar’, ‘Pratibhu’, ‘Chhoto Didimoni’ etc. The women characters in these short stories have gained the dignity of modernism shunning ideas and notion of middle class sentimentality.

56-61

Authors: Dr. Champak Deka

The concept of liberation or mokṣa occupies a prominent place in Indian philosophical and religious traditions. Among the four puruṣārthas, viz., dharma, artha, kāma and mokṣa, the last puruṣārtha i.e. mokṣa is said to be concerned with the spiritual aspect of human life. Mokṣa is said to be paramapuruṣārtha, i.e. the ultimate value. This is where both the philosophy and religion meet in Hinduism. The Viṣṇupurāṇa is one of the important Mahā-purāṇas and also the primary sacred text of the Vaiṣṇava branch of Hinduism, which today probably has more adherents than any other Purāṇas. The Viṣṇupurāṇa is regarded as a highly authoritative work from the standpoint of religion and philosophy. In this Purāṇa, the concept of liberation occupies the position of the supreme importance. It holds that the realization of identity between the self and God or Absolute breaks the fetters of this worldly existence. This state is called the state of liberation. This Purāṇa mentions the different paths of liberation of the self and at the same time emphasizes its preference for the path of devotion or bhakti. Here an attempt has been made to highlight the doctrine of liberation as depicted in the Viṣṇupurāṇa.

70-80

Authors: Mohana Basu, Dr. Snehamanju Basu

Encroachment means any physical obstruction and any object or structure of any kind or character placed, without the authority of law, either in, under or over any kind any city street or any other public property in which the city has an easement or other interest. The problem of pavement encroachment is an issue of major concern in the urban areas. It typically has a slightly negative meaning ,hinting at something that intrudes on something and then spoils in someway. Large scale migration into the urban areas are responsibe for encroachment of the pavements as the migrated people fail to find proper shelter and hence end up living on the pavements. Street vending which includes commercial installation of stalls by tea shop owners, hawking etc encroaches the pavements and creates problem for the pedestrians to their easy access to the pavements. The issue of encroachment is a burning problem in the cities of the urban areas so it needs urgent attention. In most of the urban areas the encroachment is mainly done by the hawkers.

95-103

Authors: Dr. Manoj Kumar Mishra

Nationalism creates and recreates a sense of distinctive identity and autonomy based on the Enlightenment idea of human freedom that enables people to survive in a modern world in which unpredictable change has become the norm. While, in the medieval world, the feudal states invoked religion and cultural resources to make people servile, the modern state invokes identity in a language of serving people in order to help them attain freedom and happiness. However, the modern states end up in leveraging the dominant sections of the society because the privileged sections of a community cleverly use identity to foster their socio-economic interests by camouflaging private interests under the cover of the Enlightenment ideas of equality, liberty and justice and welfare of the masses.

117-126

Authors: Dr. Thamarai Selvi

The telenovela was a genre that most were familiar with regardless of cultural background; it had been the outcome of Mexican popular culture for many decades. In fact, telenovela had become popular outside Mexico and Latin America in Europe, Asia, and Africa. The Mexican telenovela reproduced the values of Mexican society: the nuclear family was presented as a social model, while Catholicism and the worship of La Virgen de Guadalupe were emphasized. Ann Uribe stated that telenovelas contributed to the formation of Mexico as an imagined community. Furthermore, in Mexican telenovelas the love affair was always central, with the family used as a model of an ideal society. She also emphasized the sexual conservatism in the genre and the stereotypical, “machista” representation of women, who were either virgins or already married, and who were completely faithful and devoid of sexual desire; they were devoted to and identify with the La Virgen de Guadalupe.” Characters were Manichean with female roles constantly replicating the puta/virgen dichotomy, while male characters were very masculine in appearance but often weak in character and easy to manipulate. Often the plots revolved around a love triangle. This triangle featured either two male suitors competing for a woman or two women competing for the love of a man. In the latter triangle, the women were represented either as the ‘good’ virginal maid or the ‘bad’femmme fatale . . . In the end, the ‘good’ and ‘love’ triumphed over evil and the good woman always got the man.

138-156

Authors: Dr.Damanhuri

Hadith about pee standing studied is the hadith Khudhayfah recorded by al-Bukhary. In sanad hadith narrators there are five, namely: Adam, Shu’bah, al-A’mash, Abu Wail and Khudhayfah. In a partial analysis then obtained results that: 1. All the narrators in the sanad of hadith existing, are fully qualified: thiqah. Except for one qualified as thiqa. 2. All the narrators respectively meet with the transmitters as his teacher, namely: connexion of the sanad is muttasil. 3. Matan of Hadith was not shadh, meaning that it is not contrary to the argument of Naqli, either al-Qur’an and hadith with higher sanad quality. 4. Matan of hadith does not also exposed to illat, meaning that it is not contrary to the argument of Aqli, both with a healthy mind, senses, history, and science . Thus it is concluded that the hadith is sahih lidhatih. In the simultaneous analysis, it was found that: first the hadith has 3 (three) hadith of tabi’ But because of the quality of these hadiths have quality of sahih, the existence of hadith of tawabi’ can not improve its quality. Second,the hadith has 1 (one) shahid that can increase the degree of hadith from ahad gharib into ahad aziz. So, the hadith increased into: sahih -‘aziz ( sahih by quality and ‘aziz in quantity).

157-164

Authors: Nabanita Bera

This paper attempts to make aware of the bad effects of stress on academic sphere and thereby points out how to identify the causes of stress and suggests some strategies for making school environment free from anxiety, stress and fear. Moreover, some stress training tips have been suggested so that the stress tolerance capacity of the students may be increased. The author’s ultimate aim of writing this article is to make conscious of all concerned to take desirable efforts so that the school children will relieve from stress and anxiety and the present traditional school environment will be shifted to a stress-free joyful friendly environment which will enable them become a complete well-being.

181-191

Authors: Vahid Rashidvash, Mahmoud Joneidi Jafari

A long standing and still unchallenged belief of historians is that the people of Europe, Iran and India, with the exception of Hungarians and the Finns, have their ancestry in common. Based on historical evidence and supports from archaeology, historians propose the existence of a pre-historic tribal confederation, called theoretically Indo-Europeans, who eventually spread out from their original homeland to cover the mass of land in western Eurasia. Their language, costumes and cultural characteristics survived in one way or another to the historical time and it is based on comparative studies of various Indo-European languages and cultures that the idea of a common ancestry first came to existence. The Persians are descendants of the Aryan (Indo-Iranian) tribes that began migrating from Central Asia into what is now Iran in the second millennium BC. The Persian language and other Iranian tongues emerged as these Aryan tribes split up into two major groups the Persians and the Medes and intermarried with peoples indigenous to the Iranian plateau such as the Ela mites. .

206-218

Authors: Deepak Kumar Dey

Children are both societal transformation agent and foundation for sustainable development. They as rights holders needs special attention from all duty bearers to realize their rights mainly right to development, right to survival and growth, right to protection and right to participation. Millennium Development Goals (MDGs) were instrumental and adopted by 193 counties from 2000 to 2015. During this period, Government of different countries in general and government of India in specific, had been significantly focused on how its comparative advantage and contributions could lead to significant gains in inclusive development in their regions respectively. It was evident that remarkable progresses were made by the countries however it was uneven and especially around the children issues. To continue the momentum with greater emphasis of universal, integrated and transformative agenda for sustainable development, in 2015, the United National General Assembly formally adopted a set of 17 Sustainable Development Goals (SDG) and 169 associated targets, of these, 48 are highly relevant and 47 are somewhat relevant to children.

235-242

Authors: Bobir GAYIBOV

This article analyzes the origin (genealogy) Sogdian rulers who occupied a significant place in the history of Central Asia. Sogd confederation united the territory of Samarkand, Kashkadarya regions of Uzbekistan and modern land attached to Panjikent in Tajikistan. Administrative center of Sogd confederation was Samarkand. Boards located in the valley of Zarafshan Panch, Maymurgh, Ishtihan, Kabhudan, Kushaniyya and boards located in the valley of Kashkadarya and Kesh Nakhshab, ruled from Samarkand. Showing description information about the problems in the Chinese sources. Particular attention is paid to the interpretation of the ruling in the kind of Afrasiab murals. Analyze the written sources and numismatic materials, the author comes to the conclusion that the ethnic origin of the Sogd dynasty linked with Turkish and Sogdian ethnic groups.

251-257

Authors: Nikunja Sonar Bhuyan

India has a long history of philanthropy. Post liberalization of the market, the concept of philanthropy has radically changed. With the emergence of new middle class, foundations and corporate social responsibility wings of various public and private sector firms, hundreds and thousands of people have been benefited in the education, healthcare and various other sectors. This paper tries to trace the evolution of Philanthropy and how it changed overtime in the Indian context.

266-278

Authors: Sanat Kumar Purkait, Soumyajit Halder

Present study deals with the fire accident in slum areas of Kolkata concerned mainly with two major slums namely Basanti Colony slum in Ultadanga and Tangra Slum. The study was overtaken to analyze the fire accidents in these above mentioned slums. For this purpose 50 samples were taken from these two slums by using simple random sampling by the means of questionnaire and personal interviews of slum dwellers. The data obtained from these analyzed and represented by various statistical techniques. The study revealed the causes of fire accident and its possible consequences. Here not only the causes of fire accident are discussed but also try to recommend the possible measures of mitigation. Keywords: Slum, Kolkata, Basanti Colony, Tangra, Fire accident

288-296

Authors: Yoon Sung Hong, Shaoshi Zou,Sang Hyun Park, Rujun Yan,

This research looks at the international relationship between China and South Korea in the context of cultural, economic, and historical factors based on a survey of college students in South Korea and China. According to the results, the respondents reported economic factors as the most important factor influencing China-Korea relations. Korean students reported economic factors as the most important factor, whereas Chinese students reported cultural factors. The respondents reported long cultural exchange as the most important cultural factor influencing China-Korea relations. Korean students reported long cultural exchange as the most important cultural factor, and Chinese students also reported long cultural exchange. The respondents reported political alliance/conflict as the most important historical factor influencing China-Korea relations. Korean students reported long history of China-Korea relations, whereas Chinese students reported political alliance/conflict. The respondents reported China-Korea trade as the most important economic factor. Korean students reported China-Korea trade, and Chinese students also reported China-Korea trade.