Journal of Intellectual Disability - Diagnosis and Treatment

602-609

Authors: Oksana V. Zashchirinskaia

Objective:The purpose of this work is to study the characteristics of communication in children with intellectual disabilities. Background:The study of the specificities of communication in children with intellectual disabilities has become more and more relevant in the past few years. Method:The methodological basis of this study was the combination of various theoretical methods of cognition. Results:In the process of writing this work, the author studied the techniques of verbal and non-verbal communication. The works of Russian and foreign authors, as well as methods of improving communication in children with intellectual disabilities, were considered. It was found that the impact of intellectual disabilities with mild mental retardation on the cognitive, behavioural and emotional-personal spheres of the communicative process naturally entails the emergence of serious difficulties in establishing contacts with people around, and therefore in the process of social adaptation of the child in general. Conclusion: The practical significance of this work lies in the study of the characteristics of communication in children with intellectual disabilities, which will be useful for psychologists, teachers and medical workers. The study and research of this topic will provide further opportunities for the development of a program of psychological influence to optimise communication for children with intellectual disabilities and their adaptation in society.

619-632

Authors: Oksana V. Zashchirinskaia

Objective: The purpose of the study is to investigate the specific features of non-verbal communication in children with intellectual disabilities in the dynamics of psychological impact.Background: Gestures are one of the most important components of non-verbal communication. The development of non-verbal communication in children with intellectual disabilities contributes to their normal social adaptation.Method: To study the current state and dynamics of the development of the ability to recognise and understand gestures in the process of psychological influence, factor analysis was used by the principal component method with the use of varimax rotation. To verify the applicability of factor analysis to the selected variables, the Kaiser-Meier-Olkin measure of sample adequacy and Bartlett's sphericity test were used. Results: The data of the study showed that, depending on the level of intelligence or, more precisely, on the diagnosis given to the child, there are differences in the dynamics of the development of the components of non-verbal communication. Children with mild mental retardation display lower results than children with mixed specific disorders of psychological development and children with a normative level of intellectual development. Conclusion: The results obtained in the process of this study can be applied in practice by teachers and psychologists when working with children with intellectual disabilities.

642-649

Authors: Oksana V. Zashchirinskaia

Objective: The present study was conducted to identify the features of nonverbal communication in children. Background: Nonverbal communication is a significant aspect of interpersonal communication. American scientists have found a strong correlation between low ability to recognise facial expressions, interpretation of postures, and gestures with communication difficulties. Experimental data indicate a positive relationship between the social status of an individual and the ability to interpret nonverbal signals. The general dynamics of the development of a child with disabilities are subject to the same laws as ordinary children. But the peculiarities of children associated with a disturbance of the intellectual sphere lead to the limitation of possibilities to obtain information from the outside world, a change in the methods of communication, difficulties of social adaptation, and impoverishment of social experience. Method: Students of the first-grades of educational institutions of St. Petersburg were the survey sample. Several public and special schools were randomly selected in order to form the most detailed picture of the development of nonverbal behaviour in children, as well as to obtain the most representative sample for our study. A total of 128 children took part in the study – students of the first-grade (average age – 7.4 years; 47 girls, 81 boys). Results: A programme of psychological influence was developed to optimise the nonverbal communication of children with intellectual disabilities. Conclusion: With psychological influence aimed at the development of nonverbal communication among primary schoolers with intellectual disabilities, more intact mental functions associated with the implementation of emotional and behavioural components were taken into account.

657-661

Authors: Liza Naviy, Gulmira M. Rakisheva, Nina M. Stukalenko, Saule A. Murzina, Assem T. Duisenbina, Marash T. Koshanova, Guldana N. Kazhatova

The article aims to study scientific and methodological features of the ways to enhance students’ learning activities in the context of higher education.The study's theoretical significance is derived from the in-depth analysis of the development of students' learning activity. The study offers the framework of characteristics for the concept of “students’ learning (cognitive) activity”. The main used methods were: analysis, peer-assessment, self-assessment. The interview method was used to make a cognitive profile of the participants, taking into account their psychological characteristics.The authors developed and scientifically tested educational model based on module curricula and interactive teaching methods to enhance students’ learning activity. The authors also reflected the dynamic of the learning activity of the students with disabilities participating in the experiment. The results proved the effectiveness of the developed model of enhancing students' learning activity by using interactive teaching methods. It was concluded that the module curricular and active teaching methods help enhance students with disabilities' learning activity and make them more responsible in respect to the results of their study.

673-678

Authors: Nabi Nazari

Background: Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) continues to rise at an astonishing rate. As many schools attempt to create an inclusive environment conducive for students with autism to support academic success, we must recognize the teacher's role in creating an inclusive classroom. Using a student-specific teaching self-efficacy measure might provide more useful information for supporting teachers' beliefs for teaching students with ASD. Teachers with high self-efficacy have a positive impact on student achievement. The purpose of this investigation was to develop an instrument that can be used to measure teachers’ self-efficacy for effectively working with students with ASD. The original version of the scale was translated and back-translated into Persian, followed by a pilot study. A sample (n=633) of university students was recruited. Results indicated that the scale represented a unidimensional construct with acceptable internal consistency. Exploratory factor analysis demonstrated the unidimensionality of the TSE-ASD. The maximum likelihood confirmatory for the 12-item TSE-ASD model indicated excellent model fit indices (χ2/df=2.60, CFI=0.956, SRMR=0.049, PCLOSE >0.05, RMSEA=0.062, 90% CI [0.052, 0.082]). As for criterion-related validity, The Pearson correlation coefficients between (TSE-ASD score) and self-regulation (r= 0.72, p<0.01) revealed a large correlation and linear regression indicating that TSE-ASD significantly predicted self-regulation, b = 0.69, p < 0.001. Using a student-specific teaching self-efficacy measure might provide more useful information for supporting teachers' beliefs for teaching students with ASD. The findings provide evidence that TSE-ASD is a reliable and valid instrument for assessing teacher self-efficacy for teaching students with Autism Spectrum Disorder in educational settings among Persian speaking individuals.

688-697

Authors: Alexey Kokoshko, Nurilya Nurilya Maltabarova, Aigul Abduldayeva, Galiya Smailova, Nasrulla Shanazarov

To date, intensive care medicine, anesthesiology, and resuscitation are medical spheres that deal with lifesaving issues, particularly the treatment of patients in critical or life-threatening situations. The profession of anesthesiologist-resuscitator is relatively new, although it has centuries-old prehistory. The study aims to identify personality traits that predispose to the formation of emotional burnout syndrome in anesthesiologists-resuscitators. The research was performed at the Anesthesiology and Resuscitation Departments of the regional healthcare facilities in Astana and Akmola cities. Findings obtained through this research confirm the hypothesis that personality traits in anesthesiologists-resuscitators are factors that facilitate the development of emotional burnout syndrome. Such a discovery necessitates the prevention of personality destructions as well as the establishment of conditions to reduce them in the case of occurrence. Proper arrangement of the work schedule and a favorable working environment allows preventing the emotional burnout among employees.

710-718

Authors: Yaroslava Z. Vasylkevych, Olha M. Lomak, Iryna M. Zozulia, Diana V. Kochereva, Oksana M. Kikinezhdi

The purposeof the study was to identify the specifics of creativity in student age and the peculiarities of socio-psychological adaptation in a politically and economically unstable environment, as well as gender and micro group patterns of the relationship between creativity and adaptability. The methods such as the Guilford-Torrance method, “Desire for creativity” Scale, Kettell test, Methods of Moreno sociometry, Leary’s method, and Dembo-Rubinstein method were used to monitor the variables. The study identified that non-verbal creativity develops in individuals aged 16-17 years. The creative attitude to life develops in the ones aged 17-18. At the age of 18-19, creativity becomes the most integrated into the system of personal characteristics are motivational and personal components of creativity, which form positive connections with the fundamental adaptive personality characteristics, which indicates a greater adaptiv e resource of creatively oriented individuals. It was also found that boys, compared to girls, were more prone to leadership, more persistent, assertive (E), more emotionally stable (C), calm (O), and also more independent (Q2). Girls were more likely to feel guilty, anxious (O), more sociable, open(A), sensitive, and vulnerable (I). The study found that students with a high level of development of divergent thinking and its components (cognitive factors of creativity) carry out interpersonal communication (as a component of adaptation) most flexibly and effectively making students less prone to depersonalisation and reducing the risk of emotional exhaustion and maladaptation.

730-739

Authors: Phan Trong Ng, Vu Dung, Le Minh Nguyet, Vu Thi Khanh Linh, Hoang Thanh Thuy, Nguyen Thi Tinh

Academic anxiety is one of the major problems in student psychology across the world. It applies equally to students of all ages, from elementary school to college and university students.Research shows that learning online is an effective way to defuse feelings of academic anxiety. Elimination of anxiety is clearly visible regardless of age, gender, or prior online learning experience. The study aims to identify academic anxiety as one of the most important reasons for moving to online learning or blended learning in secondary school.The study investigated academic anxiety among secondary school students in Vietnam. After surveying 677 students in classroom learning, the results showed that 13.7% of secondary students suffered from frequent anxiety, and 3.0% of them suffered from very frequent anxiety. Lower anxiety was observed among students actively participated in-class activities, and students with excellent academic performance. These factors can be optimally enhanced through blended and online learning. There were no differences in academic anxiety among male and female students, urban and rural students. There was a moderate correlation between a student's anxiety level and pressure of the school, parental expectations, students' motivation for high performance, and especially, among students who have the melancholic temperament. And the influence of these negative factors can also be optimally reduced with the help of online learning.Regression model could provide useful suggestions for parents, teachers and students in reducing academic anxiety for students, including the use of full or blended online learning.

749-758

Authors: Svitlana M. Kalishchuk

In psychology, the world's multidimensionality is manifested in the study of consciousness, in identifying the methodological foundations of psychology and psychology of consciousness. The structure of the multidimensional world of a man is described from the point of view of the subject's understanding of the characteristic features of the realities where man lives. Aims of study are to formulate and consider the problem of the world's reality and the multidimensionality of the reality of the individual in the perspective of the semantic architecture of consciousness and within the framework of a holistic model of representation of the psychology of understanding the human world. The pragmatic aim of the present research is to set a quantitative measure in which a person is drawn into virtual reality (TER).The meta-analysis of publications with quantitative empirical data reporting on the results of staff training using virtual and augmented reality. The criteria of the search were that articles must be published exceptionally in peer-reviewed journals and be issued not older than in 2017. The platform for the effective search was the Google Scholar search engine. The transfer efficiency factor (TER) was the key element of the analysis. All gathered data extracted from the relevant literature sources were interpreted through observation, description, quantitative calculation, complex analysis, methods of comparison, generalization, and abstraction method. Although learning conditions with more virtual immersion lead to slightly worse results than real learning conditions, most people show similar results after learning, regardless of the level of virtual immersion. The inhomogeneity of acceptance by individuals of virtual reality is found out in quantitative data of the considered studies. The average score for the performance of each training condition represented in the scientific works considered for this study, as well as the 95% confidence interval, was calculated. It was found out that the value of TER 0.5 turned into a percentage by multiplication by 100%, indicates that training on the simulator can reduce the time of personal training by half. Presence is a psychological phenomenon that occurs in the human mind, not in specific technologies. The usage of virtual reality in learning affects the sense of presence and immersion. It directly affects an individual's perception of world reality. At the same time, the individual consciously accepts the picture of simulated reality, which emphasizes the multidimensionality of the individual's reality.

770-776

Authors: Beisenbayeva Zhaina, Sangilbayev Ospan, Mukazhanova Elmira, Kassymova Gulnar, Bersugirova Tolganay

Today, considering professional specialists' needs, the content and technology of training in career counseling from the perspective of practice are not sufficiently developed. Thus, a search for new forms, methods, and means of conducting career guidance with students is necessary. This article offers a broad range of technologies and their optimal combination in career guidance work with pupils in the integrated system “School – University.”A leading approach to the study of this problem is an integrative approach that leads to the necessity to use traditional and innovative technologies that contribute not only to effective assimilation of knowledge but also an early social adaptation of the prospective adolescents to university conditions.The present study consists of a needs assessment of students' career guidance and career counseling programs in the university. The research is based on a survey developed on a sample of 120 students from the Almaty schools. The collected data has been both qualitative and quantitative. The students have been inquired about their professional path, about their career decisions, personal and professional values, abilities and competencies, intentions for the future, etc. The study's most relevant results show that: students are poorly informed about job opportunities, their expectations for the future are not connected with their own knowledge and abilities, they do not have a coherent career plan, and they encounter major barriers in the career decision process. The results are important for career counselors as they can be used to develop career guidance programs in the university environment.Purpose of the research: to theoretically substantiate and experimentally test the pedagogical conditions of vocational guidance for senior schoolchildren in the context of specialized education.The article is valuable for teachers and faculty of educational and vocational institutions to organize and conduct career guidance with students, applicants, and students.

784-790

Authors: Shalabayeva Laura, Baisultanova Saya, Alimbayeva Saule, Ibrayeva Magripa, Abdigapbarova Ulzharkyn

The article's psychological diagnosis of master students' personal, professional development is considered a process of professional socialization and professional development. Undergraduates, as future researchers, teachers of educational activity are required to have certain professional qualities. The research aims to determine the dynamics of professional development of graduates in science and pedagogical process. For this purpose, the method Cattell (16PF, scale C), the diagnostic questionnaire of personality status and traits (FPI), a questionnaire of Otto Lipmann (1 variant), the questionnaire of "The level of subjective control," by J. Rotter have been used. While studying, it was underlined that master students possess: increased externalities trends in personal and industrial relations (i.e., the main areas for the teacher relationship), strengthening conservative tendencies in behavior, as opposed to radicalism and other professional qualities for teaching and research activities. Successful undergraduate is characterized by a greater tendency to depression, compared to less successful, he is more sensitive, competent, internality, and responsible for achieving, and creative. It was noted that the factor structure of variant individuality-personal features of undergraduates includes the factors of "professional competence," "professional motivation," and "professional internality."

799-804

Authors: Abizhanova Assem, Nurazkhan Almaz, Kabylov Daulet, Mombek Aliya, Kanapiyanova Raushan, Tugelbayeva Gulmira, Aimbetova Ulbossyn

The essence of the concept "creative thinking" is considered, and its working definition is formulated. Special attention is given to the identification of pedagogical foundations of future teachers' creative thinking development, which accounting will promote the increase of the efficiency of the considered process. Future teachers' creative thinking development is advantageously realized in the course of students’ vocational training, during which it is necessary to rely not only on mental development regularities knowledge (theoretical thinking, creative thinking peculiarities, sustained attention, imagination, and integration of memory) and students' individual characteristics (maturity of motivation to creative activities, the maturity of speech, volitional powers) but also on the competently organized didactic process (training to work with the concepts and their use, application of the system of creative tasks, developing the ability to overcome intellectual difficulties). Results of students’ activity studying on the basis of creative tasks have shown that creative thinking skills development depends on the students' thinking orientation in the processing of the received educational information; Also, creative thinking skills development depends on students' subjective attitude towards tasks, that is going to be helpful them during the educational process.This study aims to examine the essence of the concept of "creative thinking" and identify pedagogical foundations for its development in future teachers. The following methods of scientific and pedagogical research are used to achieve the objectives: the methods of theoretical research: the analysis of psychological and educational literature; methods of empirical research: students' activity products' studying, observation, conversation, pedagogical experiment.

270-279

Authors: Nadiia V. Bilousova, Tetiana V. Hordiienko, Nataliia M. Demchenko, Olena S. Filonenko, Artur A. Bobro

Objective:The paper covers the issue of organisation of educational space of primary education in the conditions of establishment of the NUS. The purpose of the study was to determine the specific features in the organisation of educational space in foreign educational institutions and to provide recommendations for the organisation of educational space of the NUS.Background:The school begins with the organisation of new educational space as a carrier of symbolic information, which ensures additional opportunities for the cognitive, aesthetic, ethical development of the subjects of the educational process. The ideas of organising the educational space of foreign countries, with a clear division into the physical environment, curriculum, human factors, are embodied in the practice of the New Ukrainian School (NUS) to organise opportunities to meet the needs of the educational process while having its own features.Method:The authors used communicative, cognitive, transformative, systematising and control methods of teaching during the research.Results:The concept of "educational space" is described; models of organisation of educational space are presented. The paper provides the analysis of an array of works of scholars, which cover various aspects of the definition of educational space. The educational sources, which are determined by the Methodical recommendations on the organisation of the educational space of the New Ukrainian School, are analysed.Conclusion: Recommendations are given to future primary school teachers on the organisation of educational space and educational sources in classrooms of modern primary school. The general conclusions concerning the investigated problem are formulated.

288-297

Authors: Iryna V. Ievtushenko, Yevheniia М. Kaliuzhna, Olena O. Nezhynska

Objective:The purpose of the study is the theoretical substantiation and testing of the methodological apparatus for determining the possibility of self-improvement and maintaining the level of personal psychological attitudes for social and professional interaction.Background:The individual is perceived in the social environment as complex integrity having specific sets of its own properties and definitions. The implementation of professional standards, the creation of new organizational and psychological mechanisms in society puts forward new requirements for personality. Method: The article presents a model for the formation of a qualitative perception of the possibilities of correcting motives and personality traits, which impact on the social interaction of a person.Results:Analysis of the obtained results allowed to admit the effectiveness of authors’ experimental methodology. The authors show that the structural support for the development of the psychological characteristics of addictive individuals should be based on an understanding of the boundaries of social and professional interaction and the determination of the possibilities for its adjustment. Conclusion:The authors presented a model for the formation of a qualitative perception of the possibilities of correcting motives and personality traits. This, in turn, forms the possibility of defining a complex that contributes to additional social interaction between the components of the social structure.

307-311

Authors: Sholpan S. Khamzina, Aigul M. Utilova, Tattigul Zh. Shakenova, Gulmira A. Suleimenova, Ella Y. Sarsembayeva, Gulomkodir М. Bobizoda

Objective: The authors provide justifications for changing the current education system, updating the teaching and methodological approach in school specialised education. The paper investigates the issue of fashioning students' research competence through the technology of project activities. Background: Project activity has become widely used since it combines the theoretical and practical parts of the science under study, which allows to set up a connection between its components. Research competence is an integral feature of a student's personality, which manifests itself in a willingness to take an active research position.Method: The authors conducted an experiment to study the problem of improving the quality of students' knowledge upon studying biology in senior school. The participants in the experiment were 120 students of the 10th and 11th years of a specialised school for children with psychological disorders.Results:The authors developed a methodology for the fashioning of research competence. The results of the conducted pedagogical experiment confirmed the validity of the initial assumptions regarding the influence of the use of research teaching methods in biology lessons aimed at improving the quality of biological education.Conclusion: Through project activities, students with intellectual disabilities learn to work in a team. Despite the fact that teamwork is uniting, each of the students learns to independently set the purpose and tasks of the study, analyse the sources presented, present the results of their activities to others. The main signs of project activity include the fact that students learn the technique and technology of working with the project. Project activity allows for the fashioning of students' research competence during the lesson, thereby enabling students to unleash their potential.

321-326

Authors: Nurzhamal T. Oshanova, Shirinkyz T. Shekerbekova, Ainur E. Sagimbaeva, Gylnar C. Arynova, Zhadyra S. Kazhiakparova

Objective:The purpose of this study is to form the arithmetic musical competency of students on the basis of Al-Farabi’s theoretical musical heritage. In this context, the work “The Great Book of Music” is of great importance. In this work, he gives not only a scientific explanation of the origin of sounds as properties of matter but also gives an idea of the arithmetic principles of the emergence of harmony and musical melodies.Background: Musical competence is described as an ability and an aptitude to adequately perceive and emotionally respond (react) to music, to transfer musical perception into the ability to think using artistic images. In school, its formation occurs during the study of a discipline "Music", among special subject competencies that form within this subject an arithmetic musical competence can be distinguished.Method:Judging from the musical theory composition method, Al-Farabi suggests an innovative method to improve the musical development of students with intellectual disabilities which consists of the individual preparation of a training plan.Results: As a result of this study, it was determined that the problem of the formation of arithmetic musical competence in the learning process is relatively new and insufficiently studied. Arithmetic musical competence can be formed on the basis of teaching the method of the musical theory of composition Al-Farabi.Conclusion:The experiment results allows for the conclusion about the advantages of the formation of musical competence of students via knowledge of music theory.

336-350

Authors: Inna P. Rohalska-Yablonska, Nataliia I. Melnyk, Sofiia O. Dovbnia, Tetiana A. Lisovska, Nelia A. Perkhailo

Objective: This paper is directed at development and experimentally test the effectiveness of the system of socio-pedagogical support of socialization of the individual; determining the pedagogical conditions for ensuring the harmonious socialization of children in preschool education. The basis of the analysis of the project of social and pedagogical support of the child’s socialization is its humanitarian direction.Background:The relevance of the study is the creation and development of a system of socio-pedagogical support of personality socialization in preschool childhood was confirmed.Method:The implementation of certain tasks was carried out using a set of research methods: the theoretical method, which allows a systematic analysis of philosophical, psychological, sociological, cultural, and pedagogical scientific and methodological literature on socialization, education, and personal development; the empirical methods (observation, interviews, surveys, questionnaires, testing, the study of documentation), which allow to comprehensively consider the specifics of pedagogical activities of teachers to implement the socialization process and levels of socialization of children.Results: The results of the experimental test of the system of social and pedagogical support of personality socialization in preschool childhood developed by us proved its effectiveness, which confirms the quantitative and qualitative changes in the levels of socialization of preschool children.Conclusion:The paper established the state of awareness of preschool teachers with the processes of socialization of the child in preschool childhood; criteria, indicators, and levels of personality socialization in preschool childhood; the pedagogical conditions for the effective course of the process of socialization of children in preschool educational institutions.

358-369

Authors: Aizhan Zh. Sapargaliyeva, Dinara Ye. Muratbekova, Ryszhamal K. Aralbaeva, Saule S. Zhakipbekova, Aizhan S. Shynybekova

Objective:The purpose of the experiment was to determine the level of knowledge of future primary school teachers about dialogical speech in the lessons of a discipline “Self-knowledge” (content component), their ability to apply this knowledge in the process of developing the dialogical speech of primary school students with mental disorders (operational component) and the comprehensive using of knowledge about dialogical speech in the process of educational activity (motivational component).Background:Professional training of future teachers of primary schools is currently one of the pressing problems in modern Kazakhstan. One such way is the introduction of a practice-oriented competence of the future primary school teacher. This involves the formation of professional competence of a primary school teacher, his ability to solve typical professional problems on the basis of acquired knowledge and experience.Method:For determining the preparation of future primary school teachers for work on the development of dialogical speech of primary school students a pedagogical experiment consisting of ascertaining and formative stages was conducted. Results:Scientific research on the methodology of speech development is aimed at finding methods, techniques, and forms of training that increase the effectiveness of such important components of the learning content as language and speech competence, which are part of the communicative competence of pupils. In scientific pedagogy and psychology, the purpose of education and training is to develop a child's personality. The development of personality is considered as a long process of acquiring the culture of the people. Speech culture is an integral part of the general culture, so speech development is the most important task of forming the personality of a preschool and primary school pupil. The key role in psychological development is played by external, oral, monological, dialogical, and written speech.Conclusion: Interrelation of the investigated components can serve as a description of the level of preparedness of future primary school teachers.

377-387

Authors: Nazira P. Tangkish, Yussubaly N. Kamalov, Gulnur Aripzhan, Hanzada Kairakbaeva, Gulnara Duisebaeva, Ainur S. Erbota

Objective: The relevance of research is determined by the fact that it allows identifying the main criteria by which the development of a teacher is ensured both at the level of personal development and at the level of improving labour functions. The authors understand the complex development of personal and social-labour functions of a teacher as self-development in the process of fulfilling professional relations.Background: Each of the participants in the educational process must meet the requirements set by state educational standards. With that, the personal qualities of a teacher should be fully correlated with the necessity of improving labour parameters.Method: The effectiveness of the introduction of pedagogical conditions, which had a significant impact on the professional self-development of teachers, was tested experimentally with the use of anthropocentric and activity-based approaches to studying the problem, as well as with the use of the statistical method. Results:The analysis presented in the paper showed that the indicated pedagogical conditions contribute to the formation of professional motivation, focus on the professional self-development of teachers, a high level of aspirations, awareness of the value of individual professional self-development, the ability to notice shortcomings, develop social skills and communication skills of teachers.Conclusion: It was determined that the socio-psychological climate in an institution, where there is organisational support from the administration and informational support from other specialists, contributes to the development of operational-activity and reflective and value-based components.

396-405

Authors: Botakoz Zhekibayeva, Assemgul Kalimova, Zhanar Sarsekeyeva, Serafima Ossipova, Gulpara Zhukenova

Objective: The study aims to identify the possibility of using a set of methods that a future teacher can apply upon working with schoolchildren, and value-based attitudes, which subsequently develop the students' desire to learn.Background: The model for preparing the teaching staff for work at school presupposes the presence of not only the already approved tools for assessing the quality of education but also the development of teaching principles. For this purpose, the structure of integrated education is applied, which forms the possibility of holistic comprehension of the surrounding world for schoolchildren and the use of technologies for sustainable education on the part of the teacher.Method: To develop the above methods and attitudes, a pedagogical experiment was performed. In order to study the level of cognitive activity of young schoolchildren, experimental work based on the gymnasium was conducted.Results: The authors demonstrate that integrated learning can be achieved only if the younger schoolchildren are prepared and discovered their individual way of thinking and desire for knowledge. The study identifies the possibility of using a set of methods that a future teacher can apply upon working with schoolchildren and value-based attitudes, which subsequently develop the students' desire to learn.Conclusion: The authors have concluded that the use of the integrated learning methodology allows to expand pedagogical techniques and use them natively in high school.

413-420

Authors: Aigul M. Beisenbayeva, Saltanat K. Abildina, Saltanat A. Feizuldayeva, Kamshat B. Kopbalina, Zhanargul K. Kurmangaliyeva

Objective:The level of research skills of children with inclusion depends on the teacher's researc h competencies. To develop them, a future teacher must constantly conduct research and practical work in his own learning process.Background: The formation of research competence in primary school children with disorders is formed on the basis of a common desire for knowledge of the world, due to age-related characteristics and social conditions of education. The task of a teacher in this vein is not only to structure the cognitive interest of younger students but also to integrate educational research competence into the age group.Method: In preparing the study, students were required to deeply analyse information regarding the state of the issue, a comparative description of various modelling options and research methods, an analysis of their advantages, disadvantages, and the choice of a model and research method that would be adequate to the assigned tasks.Results:Future teachers' willingness to present the teaching material is considered, and also the willingness to raise discussion questions and thus form additional research material. The authors of the article show that such competence is formed in the process of formation of general research competence and can be expressed in a number of definitions that require additional training of a future teacher.Conclusion:There is a need to form research competency directly with teachers, who shape the future research qualities of “special” schoolchildren, which in turn forms the future of a scientific nature.

430-436

Authors: Svitlana H. Dubovyk, Alexander Ya. Mytnyk, Nataliia O. Mykhalchuk, Ernest E. Ivashkevych, Nataliia O. Hupavtseva

Objective: This study deals with the issues of preparing future educators for the development of students' emotional intelligence. The study aims to identify the most important aspects of future teachers training in the framework of this task, to identify the main factors that should be paid attention to when training teachers, whose tasks in the future will include the development of emotional intelligence of school students.Background:Particular attention is paid to the study of the training of teaching staff for the development of emotional intelligence in students with psychological disturbances. The object of the study is the branches of pedagogy of higher education aimed at educating qualified teaching staff that can effectively solve the tasks of developing the emotional intelligence of elementary school students.Method:In the study, methods of system analysis of the subject matter are used, based on a detailed examination of the studies of the material available for research, with a qualitative analysis of all the collected information.Results:Based on the conducted studies were formed recommendations on the training of teachers for future practical activities within the framework of the issues under consideration, which are summarised as follows: in training, attention should be paid to working with educational games, the task of which is to develop students' skills in identifying and evaluating emotions, their own and of students participating in the game, the study and analysis of works of classical literature, as a method of learning to think, analyse and develop the emotional sphere, training in the implementation of special exercises for the development of the emotional sphere.Conclusion:The study has important applied value in terms of expanding the understanding of emotional intelligence and the need for its development, starting from the lower grades of high school.

443-450

Authors: Sandugash K. Moldabekova, Gaini K. Dlimbetova, Nina M. Stukalenko

Objective: The paper's main purpose is to analyse approaches to the development of multilingual education and the development of speech teaching skills in the special education system.Background: Improving the special education system is challenging because it takes a long time to change. The learning process must include the possibility of educating all groups of the population.Method: During the study, the current state of the implementation of multilingual education within the framework of the Kazakhstani educational process was analysed, national and regional features of the process under study were investigated, prospects for its further improvement were considered.Results: Based on the results of the study, scientific, methodological, and theoretical foundations of the development of multilingual teacher training in a modern educational institution are summarised; educational and methodological aspects of the issue are described.Conclusion: The results obtained are of theoretical and practical importance for inclusive multilingual training of teaching staff and the improvement of teacher education in general, the implementation of leading ideas for the modernisation of all professional education.

460-471

Authors: Oksana B. Petrenko, Tetiana S. Tsipan, Zhanna H. Stelmashuk, Nadiia M. Hrynkova, Liudmyla M. Balika

Objective:the study is aimed at analysing the problems of forming the skills of educational activities of an individual, leading approaches that outline the range of solutions to education problems, features, and possibilities of these approaches to elucidate the totality of effective methods and techniques for special education pedagogical specialties in students.Background:education in higher education institutions (HEI) or another educational institution is based on the formation of an individual who has achieved the basic characteristics of his development in the process of professional development and in the framework of cooperation.Method:the experimental method was used in work during 2014-2019, in which 219 students of experimental groups and 213 students of control groups participated.Results: The authors determined the possibility of using student training tools as a specialist and a socially responsible person using pedagogical tools implemented in a digital educational environment.Conclusion: Students can be trained in pedagogical higher education directly using digital technologies. Thus, working with similar technologies will not require additional training in the implementation of practical work in further professional activities.

485-496

Authors: Roza Sh. Sydykova, Adalyat A. Yussupova, Galimzhan K. Berekeshev, Torgyn A. Smailova, Nauryz T. Kuldanov

Objective: The main goal of the work is to analyse future music teachers' pedagogical process and its impact on the creative potential of the individual.Background: Pedagogical work has always been creative since its main purpose is to build, create a personality, develop, affirm the spiritual principle in a person. In addition, the activities of a teacher are carried out in constantly changing situations, requires consideration of all conditions. Therefore, the main task of a teacher is to transfer his creative potential with special educational needs.Method: theoretical methods were used for research, which allowed us to determine the role of music in students' development.Results:It was established that the formation of artistry in the process of teaching vocals is understood as a complex motivational-semantic education. It has been determined that the strength of the students' spiritual attraction to their mentor largely depends on the presence in his individual appearance of such a purely personal quality as an attraction, introduced by psychologists in scientific use for more in-depth ideas about the artistic and communicative possibilities of a person.Conclusion:The results of the study made it possible to determine that an integrated approach to musical and pedagogical activity helps to solve pedagogical problems using musical art tools that combine a complex of special, psychological and pedagogical, general scientific, methodological knowledge, skills with the leading role of general pedagogical abilities.

505-518

Authors: Tatyana V. Zuyeva, Adel T. Nyssanov

Objective: Compilation and partial testing of a career guidance program for students with special training in high school.Background: A modern teenager is formed as a personality in the conditions of a constant increase of prestige of a profession and readiness of the labour market for the formation of subject-matter specialists. Each teenager chooses a profession based on their current market situation and their perception of it not only by technical capabilities but also by social, cultural, and value orientations. In this regard, early identification of professional preferences and the establishment of a system of work with schoolchildren, point-oriented to the choice of a profession, is relevant. The relevance of the work is determined by the fact that such a choice is made without the ability to determine success in a specific professional field in advance.Method: The main content of the formation of teenagers' knowledge and skills for professional activities in the sociocultural environment were the disciplines of the variable part of the curriculum and the special course "Features of professional activity in the sociocultural environment”. The methodology for creating and implementing a special course is focused on the formation of the basic components of readiness for professional activity in the sociocultural environment: personal, interactive, and reflective (evaluative).Results: The article not only analyses the current experience of career guidance but also proposes to analyse the situation of teenagers' susceptibility to such guidance basing on different components. The practical significance of the study is determined by long-term projects, which are considered as a probabilistic improvement of socio-economic development and improvement of the quality of work in various industries, and at the personal level – sociocultural development and socialisation of teenagers.Conclusion: The career guidance of teenagers should combine not only a story of a target audience about the benefits of a profession, but also about ways of communication and formation of a definition of technological way to bring information about the choice of profession.

527-537

Authors: Inokentii O. Korniienko, Beata V. Barchi

Work has always been a domain where individuals experience distress. However, in the current pandemic and into the unforeseeable future, job loss and unemployment stress will only exponentially increase. This manuscript represents the vision in vocational psychology which aimed to find out how the perception of the reasons for job cuts of males and females shifted in the first stage of the lockdown, to check and to compare the male’s and female’s ideas about the causes of their own long-term unemployment and their ideas about possible ways out of the unemployment in the situation of a COVID lockdown in Ukraine.Methods:The research agenda includes exploring of the unemployment crisis among participants who were divided into three age groups of both gender: younger (18-25-year-old), middle (26-35-year-old), older (36-50-year-old). To characterize unemployment in the pandemic period, the questionnaire consisting of three scales was developed. It aimed to discover the reasons for job cuts, the ideas about the causes of the participants’ unemployment, and possible ways out of the unemployment situation. Student t-test was used to determine if the means of two sets of data (male and female of different age groups) are significantly different from each other.Results: It is revealed that the unemployment in Ukraine among all groups of workers showed the different perception of the reasons for job cuts; their ideas about possible ways out of the unemployment in the situation of a COVID lockdown in Ukraine, which showed the generation gap in the job cuts perception and the basics of the interaction between the employer and the employee.Conclusions:The study provides deeper insights into the labour market and its personal perception by males and females of different age groups in the first stage of a COVID lockdown. Concerning results, considerthe passivity of the unemployed, their inertia and unproductive employment strategies, a decline in trust to the media as employment search, and a growing tendency to despair of the ability to find a job. On the positive side is a growing understanding of education importance.

548-559

Authors: Olena D. Glavinska, Irina M. Ovdiyenko, Oleksandra V. Brukhovetska, Tetiana V. Chausova, Maryna S. V. Didenko

Research Objective:the article discusses the mutual influence of professional self-realization and the psychological well-being of specialists of caring professions. Methodology: correlation and comparative analysis in different professional groups of specialists. The study involved 465 volunteerswith work experience of 3 to 40 years: teachers, doctors, medical personnel, psychologists of state and private enterprises. Several standardized self-reports were used to collect data: Ryff’s Scales of Psychological Well-being, Professional Burnout Questionnaire, Kokun’s Professional Self-Fulfilment Questionnaire, Gura’s Workplace Satisfaction Self-assessment Survey, Tkalych’s Work-Life Balance additional scale. The use of the open questions allowed clarifying some phenomenological manifestations of professional self-realization among specialists of caring professions, as well as to clarifying the external and internal determinants of self-realization.The authors tested the hypotheses about the influence of several factors on the level of psychological well-being: belonging to a certain professional group, the degree of self-realization, as well as age, gender, and length of service. The results of the study present the structure of well-being and features of self-realization in different professional groups. We proved that professional self-realization is a significant factor in the formation of individual components of psychological well-being: self-acceptance and competence. However, in some cases, high scores for professional self-realization may be associated with burnout and the desire to leave the job. The conclusionscontain recommendations on organizational agency and direct psychological interventions that ensure the psychological well-being of specialists of caring professions.

567-572

Authors: G. Menlibekova, E. Zhumankulova, A. Kurmankulov, S. Ybray, K. Balazhanova, Tussupbekova Gulmira

Scientific and technical progress in era of globalization, as well as socio-economic changes occurring in the global world requires the enhancement in the field of science, education, and culture also lead to the innovations on pedagogical science, modern school, and the development of the teacher personality. The school faces the task of forming a comprehensive and harmoniously developed personality. Along with this, the vocational orientation of the student's personality already at the school level becomes most relevant, especially with the introduction of a 12-year education at school. Among all above mentioned, a special place is given to a social pedagogue's personality, since his professional activity acquires qualitatively new characteristics. Social pedagogue is a link between the school and other institutions, between parents and students, and can carryout their work in multifunctional areas such as socio-pedagogical, psychological-pedagogical, socio-legal and socio-economic sphere. Social pedagogue should also assist students in the professional orientation todevelop themselvesin competitive environment.This research aims to analyze the formation of professional training of future social pedagogy teachers in the conditions of the University. And in order to achieve this goal to do some tasks. We need to describe the process of professional training of teachers and do research on its condition at the university level.All these areas contain various aspects of the activity, and the preparation of future social teachers at the university level should be systematic, practice-oriented, and carried out at the very early stages of preparation at the University. Accordingly, the requirements for the quality of training should also change.

580-585

Authors: Belegova Aliya, M. Bulakbayeva, E. Barangulov, A. Kenjan, S. Koshimbetova, Tussupbekova Gulmira

Changes in the socio-political and economic guidelines of modern society have led to the advancement of new requirements for a university graduate to his preparedness level. A market economy with the fierce competition requires specialists who are sensitive to creative work, highly professional, mobile, capable of finding and implementing new, effective forms of organizing their activities.The research problem is to search for pedagogical conditions that ensure the formation of professional-pedagogical reflection in future teachers in the process of studying at a university.The purpose of the research is to identify the level of developed skills in reflexive culture and experimentally prove the pedagogical conditions for the formation of professional-pedagogical reflection of the students of the educational faculties and enhancefuture teacher reflexive culture, especially of the teacher of physical training.Drawing on educational practices at the Abai Kazakh National Pedagogical University (KAZNPU) further, this paper presents the results of the future teacher reflexive culture (RC) enhancement process. It presents various content-based approach models-including those that have been developed at the KAZNPU and, examines the decision-making process of future teacher reflexive culture enhancement for a particular educational setting.This research comes to the conclusion that during the development of future teachers’ reflexive culture, it is necessary to use the set of methodological tools supporting the educational process.

100-106

Authors: Gholam Reza Shamsaei, Shahram Rafie, Zeinab Rahimi

Background and Objective: Although current evidence has demonstrated the efficacy and immunity of Alteplase, further studies are needed to evaluate its functioning in the therapeutic system. This study aims to assess the effect and immunity of tissue plasminogen activator (tPA) in the treatment of acute ischemic stroke (AIS).Methods: This study was conducted as a retrospectiveobservational study on patients with AIS referred to Ahvaz Golestan Hospital in 2017-2018. By using the hospital database, demographic information, the cause of lack of thrombolytic therapy, the onset of symptoms and admission were extracted. The National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale (NIHSS) at the time of referral, 24 hours after treatment, and at the time of discharge, the modified Rankin Scale (mRS) scores at discharge time and 3 months after discharge, complications and mortality at the time of admission and 3 months after discharge were recorded.Results: The mean of the event to needle (hrs) was significantly lower in the tPA group (P <0.0001), and delay in visiting time and loss of golden time were of the main reasons for not receiving tPA in the control group. The mean difference and the decrease in NIHSS score 24 hours after admission and discharge in the tPA group was significantly higher (P <0.0001). At the time of discharge, the mean score of mRS in the two groups was not significantly different. Three months after treatment, the mean score of mRS in the tPA group was significantly lower than that in the control group (P <0.05). The percentage of patients with bleeding complications was higher in the tPA group (7.27%) than that in the control group (4.89%). The percentage of deaths during the hospital stay in the tPA group (3.64%) was higher than that in the control group (1.63%).Conclusion: Patients with AIS under intravenous thrombolytic therapy with tPA showed improvement in functional measurements and neurological outcomes compared with the control group. Lack of significant difference in the rate of complications and mortality between the two groups indicated the safety and high efficacy of thrombolytic therapy in patients with AIS.

112-116

Authors: Gholamreza Shamsaei, Shahram Rafie, Fatemeh Pourshams

Background and Objective: Attempts have been made to confirm the diagnosis of stroke at the earliest stage and to prevent the development of neurological deficits. Tissue plasminogen activator (tPA) plays a logical role in the treatment of acute stroke by converting plasminogen to plasmin, and recent studies have shown that the drug can be injected up to four and a half hours after the onset of symptoms. The present study aimed to evaluate the effect of an in-hospital intervention to reduce door to needle (DTN) time in acute stroke patients.Methods: This epidemiological case-control study was performed on patients with acute ischemic stroke from September to March 2016 (n= 25) (group A) who were treated with tPA according to stroke guidelines. Their basic specifications, DTN and Door to Computed Tomography scan (DTC) time were recorded. Then, from April to August 2017, an intra-hospital recipe for tPA injection was provided by investigating the obstacles and causes of intra-hospital delays. Subsequently, stroke patients receiving tPA from September to March 2017 (n= 23) (group B) were examined, and their DTN and DTC were compared with patients in the first group.Results: The mean DTN and DTC in group A were 67.27±28.83 and 30.40±10.59 minutes, and in group B, were 45±25.98 and 22.17±8.50, minutes, respectively, which made a significant difference between the two groups (P=0.005, P=0.006, respectively). The percentage of patients with DTN less than 60 minutes increased from 52% in group A to95.6% in group B. The percentage of patients with DTC less than 25 minutes decreased from 32% to 69.56% (P<0.001). The percentage of patients with symptomatic cerebral haemorrhage increased from 12% to 8.7% (P<0.001). The percentage of patients with independent ambulatory (mRS: 0-2) at three months after discharge increased from 48% to 56.5% (P=0.003). The mortality rate also decreased from 24% to 13.4% (P<0.001).Conclusion: By resolving the causes of intra-hospital delays and using a proper team program, the mean DTN and DTC of patients receiving tPA were reduced. This decrease in DTN time was accompanied by reduced complications in the form of reduced symptomatic cerebral haemorrhage and mortality and improved prognosis.

124-132

Authors: Olga Emishyants, Andrii Trofimov, Antonina Hrys, Mariia Pavliuk, Olena Shopsha, Angelina Tereshchuk, Svetlana Polishchuk

The article considers the concept of the social maturity of adolescents in the context of the development of creative abilities. The relationships of social maturity with socialization, social creativity and innovative thinking of adolescents are researched. It is found that girls are more likely to move from the previous to the next level of social maturity. It is found that with age, the ability to social creativity develops. There is a connection between the level of social creativity and the levels of social autonomy, social morality and social activity of adolescents

142-147

Authors: Zaryana Olexyuk, Aiman Konkabayeva, Gulnaziya Alshynbekova, Gulmira Tykezhanova, Sholpan Nugumanova, Manara Mukasheva

In the last decades of the 21st century, the problem of a significant increase in the number of children with disorders in mental and somatic development has become particularly acute. Often there are neurotic conditions caused by the influence of various psycho-traumatic factors: the growth of scientific and technological progress and related changes in all areas of human life activity. In this regard, shifts occurred in the structure of the incidence among the population towards an increase in the proportion of diseases associated with nervous and psychic overstrain. One of the most vulnerable age groups is children of preschool and primary school age. Untimely diagnosed neurotic disorders in children, as a rule, turn into protracted forms of neurotic conditions and subsequently become chronic. This, of course, affects the adaptation of the individual in society and the further quality of life. This study, aimed at assessing autonomic regulation in preschool children with different psychological status, allowed to reveal the activity of the sympathetic and parasympathetic link of the autonomic nervous system (ANS) by the method of cardiointervalography according to R.M. Baevskii. We examined 127 children aged 4-5.5 years old. The average statistical indicators characterizing the regulation of heart rate (HR, HF, LF, VLF, LF/HF, TP, SI) in preschool children in various groups (neurosis, pre-neurosis, anxiety, and normal) were determined. The study revealed changes in the regulation of heart rhythm in children with neurotic disorders, which indicates an increase in the influence of the sympathetic circuit of autonomic regulation and a decrease in parasympathetic influences. Overstrain of vegetative centres in children with neurosis and pre-neurotic conditions is determined by high psychoemotional stresses.

159-166

Authors: Marianna Tkalych, Iryna Snyadanko, Natalya Guba, Yuliia Zhelezniakova

Objective: The study aimed to explore the work-life balance concept, assessing the level and the peculiarities of work-life balance.Background: The paper covers the psychological reconstruction of the concept of "the work-life balance" in terms of its implicit understanding and differentiated diagnosis.Method: The main research methods are: theoretical – the study of literature on the research problem; empirical – a study on the methodology for assessing psychological well-being, as well as methods of descriptive and analytical statistics.Results: It has been designed an inventory based on 16 statements divided into the work-life balance components by means of the factor analysis. Satisfaction with work and family roles have been found to have additive effects on happiness, life satisfaction, and perceived quality of life. The basic strategies in social and psychological programs in organisations have been analysed as focus strategies, "resource/refusal" strategies, adaptive strategies. Adaptive strategies are the ones helping to adapt to problems arising at work or/and at home.Conclusion: Empirical findings suggest that involvement in multiple roles can improve psychological and mental health by buffering negative effects such as reduced. The use of individual adaptive strategies with the resource increase strategy perfectly contributes to the work-life balance achievement.

174-180

Authors: Shahram Rafie, Davood Kashipazha, Navid Sabahi

Background and Objective: Given that a small percentage of people with ischemic stroke are treated with recombinant tissue plasminogen activator (rtPA) in Iran, it is necessary to use appropriate educational methods that, in addition to raising the awareness of patients about stroke, lead them to refer health centres early. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effect of new methods of training warning signs of acute stroke on thrombolytic therapy.Method: This was a community-based empirical intervention study in Ahvaz, Iran, in 2018. Initially, educational content was provided, including warning signs of a stroke, its risk factors, and the need for prompt referral to a well-equipped treatment centre for thrombolytic therapy. This content was used to prepare brochures, pamphlets, posters, and training sessions for health care personnel. Before starting, immediately, and three months after the training course, a questionnaire was used to assess staff knowledge of stroke symptoms and the need for rapid patient referral for FAST-based thrombolytic therapy. Also, the timely referral of patients with suspected stroke to hospital, as well as their thrombolytic therapy during the six months after the intervention and the similar six months in the previous year were compared.Results: The level of knowledge was significantly increased at the end of training (P<0.0001). Although this average was reduced three months after completion of training, the difference was not significant (P = 0.42). Based on the results, the number of stroke patients referred to hospital in golden time (less than 4.5 hours) from the beginning of training to 6 months after the end of the course (n = 54) was increased compared to the same period last year (n=38). The number of thrombolytic patients from the beginning of the training course to 6 months after the course (n=38) increased compared to the same period of the previous year (n=21).Conclusion: Based on the results, the implementation of educational programs was reported to be effective in raising public awareness of stroke symptoms and the need for prompt hospital referral for appropriate and timely treatment.

188-195

Authors: Aiste Diržyte, Aleksandras Patapas

Objective: This study aimed at identifying the relationship between socioeconomic status and psychological well being in the Lithuanian population.Background: Socioeconomic status implies that not all individuals have equal opportunities to achieve their goals, because not everyone has equal access to education, health, even business support services, and the psychological well-being of some may be significantly reduced solely by lack of material resources.Method: The main method of research in the article is an interview method at the respondent's home. Also, various assessment tools were used in the Lithuanian population survey. In this survey, the authors applied the following scales: Flourishing Scale; The Satisfaction with Life Scale; The Cantril Self-Anchoring Striving Scale and The Positive and Negative Emotional Experience Scale.Results: The results of the study showed statistically significant differences in psychological well-being (psychological flourishing, life satisfaction, happiness, positive and negative emotional experiences) between different income quintile groups, with average psychological well-being constructs in the lowest income quintile being about twice lower than in the highest income quintile. The study showed that the mean ranks of the happiness score in the most deprived group were almost seven times lower than in the middle class.Conclusion: The research has established that strong and lasting negative emotional experiences are related to diminished well-being and can cause direct and indirect public damages. Authors indicate that additional research is needed.

205-210

Authors: Raugash K. Nurmaganbetova, Aychurek T. Kaldybayeva, Nurjan K. Sartbekova, Ayzat K. Umirbekova, Elvir M. Akhmetshin

Objective: The study aims to explore the readiness of future teachers for the implementation of education in the inclusive environment.Background: Inclusive education, which is intensively included in the practice of the modern school, raises many complex issues and new challenges. The teachers need specialised training in the field of correctional pedagogy to provide professional assistance and training for children with the oppositional defiant disorder.Method: The main method of research in the article is the study of literature on the research problem and a questionnaire survey method which was participated by 247 teachers of comprehensive schools of Karaganda Region.Results: During the analysis of the results of the survey, it was noted that many teachers were not ready for full and optimal communication with children with disabilities in development. The authors identified the conditions for the formation of professional and personal readiness of the teacher to work with children with disabilities.Conclusion: The transition to inclusive education requires the participation of all specialists of the education system and the availability of fundamental theoretical developments. The main problems of teachers who will have to work in the environment of inclusion are related to their theoretical training and practical skills of teaching this contingent of children.

219-224

Authors: Myron Y. Varii

Objective: The article researches the essence and bases of functioning and development of the consciousness (conscious level of the human psyche) in the context of the psychic and energetic conception of the psyche and psychic.Background: There are thousands of writings about consciousness. However, operational and functional processes of conscious perception of the world and self, understanding of various connections in this world, determining of attitude to it and self and forming responsibilities for results of interaction are described unclearly almost in all psychological conceptions.Method: To disclose the human consciousness, the following methods were used: analysis, synthesis, comparison, abstraction, generalisation and grouping of existing knowledge about a human, functioning of the human psyche.Results: It has been proved that the conscious is the plurality of different psychic, about which human is aware.We hav e found out that the personal unconsciouscontains phenomena that are in the subconscious, not in the unconscious because "came" from consciousness.Conclusion: This plurality is the basis of forming psy-programs of different degree of complication and perfection to transform the world as external psyche through activity, behaviour, their comparison with previous experience, isolation of "Self" from the environment to analyse it and consciousness from different perspectives.

233-243

Authors: Mahmoud-Reza Panahi-Bazaz, Mostafa Feghhi, Mohammad Malek Ahmadi, Aram Mohamad Jafary, Mohammad Sadegh Mirdehghan

A cataract is an ocular complication of diabetes mellitus, and the risk of developing diabetic macular oedema (DME) increases in cataract surgery. This randomized, single-blind clinical trial study was conducted on 45 eyes (39 patients) with stable diabetic retinopathy with cataract to compare the efficacy of three therapeutic procedures in the prevention of DME after phacoemulsification through intraocular lens implantation. After cataract surgery by phacoemulsification, the patients were randomly assigned into three groups. The group A received 1.25 mg of intravitreal bevacizumab, and group B received a sub-tenon injection of 40 mg triamcinolone at the end of the surgery. The group C received topical diclofenac drops every 8h for four weeks after the surgery. Results showed there was no significant difference in the demographics and clinical features, central macular thickness, and systemic condition of the three groups at the beginning of the study. There was a significant difference between the preoperative and postoperative periods (i.e., three months after surgery) in the three groups regarding mean macular thickness; however, the difference among the three groups was not significant in the post-operative periods. The DME after cataract surgery occurred in 4 eyes (26.67%) in the diclofenac group and three eyes (20.00%) in the intravitreal bevacizumab andthree eyes (20.00%) in sub-tenon triamcinolone groups. According to results, the administration of these three therapeutic procedures can be beneficial in the prevention of DME in patients with cataract and diabetic retinopathy

254-261

Authors: Owoade Philip Adeleke, James Abua Ewa, James Eburikuri Olayi, Samuel Orim Orim

This study investigated the impact of intellectual disability (ID) on the family economy in Calabar, Cross River State, Nigeria. The cost of parenting a child with ID in Nigeria is overwhelming as there is no state provision for the care of this group, consequently imposing burden onthe parents. Parents of persons with ID in Calabar South Local Government Area, Cross River State, Nigeria, constituted the study population. The study sample includes 150 parents of persons with ID. Intellectual Disability and Family Economy Assessment Scale (r = 0.877) was used for datacollection. Data were analysed using frequency count and percentage. The study revealed that ID significantly affects the family economy and education of siblings and persons with ID in Calabar, Cross River State, Nigeria. The impact of ID on the family economy in the study area is generally negative. Nigerian government should put in place the necessarysocial facility that will help reduce the impact of the disability on the families.

9-15

Authors: Agustini Utari, Kirin Basuta, Tri Indah Winarni, Joyce Lo, Guadalupe Mendoza Morales, Sultana M.H. Faradz, Flora Tassone

Fragile X Syndrome (FXS) is the most common known inherited form of intellectual disability (ID), caused by a CGG repeat expansion of the FMR1 gene. The aimed of the study was to screen FMR1 mutation among the ID population followed by cascade testing in a remote area. A PCR-based method was used to screen FMR1 expanded alleles using dried blood spot cards in Flores Island, one of the very remote areas in East Indonesia. The screening included 130 males and 81 females from three schools of children with ID. The screening identified three individuals with expanded alleles including two full mutation males and one premutation male. No expanded allele was detected in females. A second blood sample for confirmatory diagnosis was done using Southern blot. Cascade testing in a remote area of Indonesia found a multigenerational family with a large number of cases with FXS. FXSscreening of ID populations followed by cascade testing in positive FXS family in a remote area with challenging accessibility is recommended.

25-32

Authors: Ghorban Hemati Alamdarloo, Fatemeh Soosan Jabbari, Alizamen Moulaee Arpanahi, Marziyeh Gholami

The purpose of this research was to investigate the role of impulsive behavior in the prediction of the emotional/behavioral problems of adults with intellectual disability (ID). The statistical population included all adults with ID who were being trained in vocational rehabilitation centers, supported by the State Welfare Organization of Iran and the educational organization for children with special needs, in Shahrekord, Iran, in 2017-2018. The sample consisted of 134 adults with ID, selected through convenience sampling. The Barratt Impulsiveness Scale Version 11 (BIS-11) was used for measuring the impulsive behavior and The Developmental Behavior Checklist for Adults was used for measuring the emotional and behavioral problems. The collected data were analyzed using the Pearson correlation coefficient and simultaneous multiple regression. The results showed that impulsive behavior was a positive and significant predictor for emotional/behavioral problems and its subscales (P<0.01). Impulsive behaviors could predict emotional/behavioral problems such as self-absorbed problems, disruptive problems, antisocial problems, depressive problems, communication and anxiety disturbance and social relating problems. Therefore, designing and implementing preventive and interventional programs to improve the impulsive behavior of adults with ID appears to be necessary to reduce their emotional/behavioral problems.

41-51

Authors: Karakat M. Nagymzhanova, Ryskeldy A. Aykenova, Bakhytkul U. Baikhozhaeva, Aliya M. Suguralieva, Nina V. Vlasova

Objective: The problem of creating effective labour productivity is relevant for public and private sector organisations due to market volatility and determines important in addition to the introduction of optimal tools in the working process, the creation of the favourable environment in the staff team and as a consequence of the prevention of emotional burnout among employees.Background: In conditions of social and economic instability in the CIS countries and competition in the labour market in a wide range of specialities, it leads to the increase of competencies and requirements for employees of the industry, and as a consequence increases their responsibility to the society.Method:A retrospective research method was applied to identify cause-and-effect relationships and patterns between all components of the phenomenon of emotional burnout in the labour process.Results: In the course of the research, a standardised Professional Burnout questionnaire was used. Also, criteria and a grading scale were identified, the results processed using statistical methods in the SPSS 17 data processing programme.Conclusion: On the basis of the results of the research conducted, practical recommendations were formulated, the implementation of which will help reduce the level of emotional burnout among employees of the organisation.

60-68

Authors: Alexina Li, Zhanat Baktybayev, Gulnar Ospanova, Mariya Koishibayeva, Kymbat Kanapiyanova

The purpose of this study was to show that photographs have a psychological meaning, as people basically print and store the most significant photographs. And depending on the hierarchy of one's own values, a person will store the corresponding photos. People choose those photographs where there are especially significant events or especially significant people. Therefore, in this way the psychological meaning is imposed on the photo. Learning person's way of life in psychology can reveal psychological implementations, which are connecting personality with its necessities, values, and world views in general. And these psychological implications can be found in photographs of special personal importance. The most precious photos people have been keeping throughout their lives can be psychologically meaningful according to their values. This article details the experimental methods provided by the quality analysis. Since we are pre-limited by 10 pictures, we already have a psychological sense of them. The hierarchy of the selected pictures and the individual differences between the people also take an important place within the study.

76-86

Authors: Diana M. Sabol, Liudmyla I. Melenets, Olha P. Tretyak, Viktoriia M. Shcherbyna, Anastasiia Yu. Kulbediuk

The objective of this study was to find out the level of emotional intelligence of preschool teachers-methodologists with the purpose of further professional advancement (enhancing their emotional competence). Tools applied for collecting and processing statistics were the following: survey results, methodologist’s checklists of observation of conducting classes by the teacher, N. Hall’s Emotional Intelligence Test, questionnaires for parents. There was also a survey of training participants followed by written feedback. STATA software was used for data processing, and the online TextAnalyzer utility was used to process free responses from the parent questionnaires. It is found that the system of formation of emotional intelligence, based on the training we have developed, has a positive impact on the development of emotional intelligence of preschool teachers-methodologists. The above approach enhances the knowledge of preschool teachers about their emotions, senses and feelings, contributing to the development of their ability to understand their own emotions. After the training, 7.14% of the participants showed a low level as opposed to the initial level of 33.33%. The medium level rose significantly, from 60.0% to 78.6%. And the high level of awareness of emotional intelligence in teachers has increased more than twice - from 6.67% to 14.29%. The arithmetical mean for raw scores also increased - from 43.87 to 57.54, thus confirming that the system used in training allows developing strategies for modulation of their emotions, introducing the training participants to the techniques of expression of their emotions and developing a range of emotional competency skills aimed at overcoming emotive situations. Since during the analysis of the lessons by the methodologist the teacher had to respect both the positive and negative response of the methodologist and since respect is a component of leadership, we can say that the feedback contributed to the development of leadership qualities of teachers. Regarding pedagogical skills, provided that the teacher constantly works on self-improvement of emotional intelligence, we state that the level of the teacher’s pedagogical skills also improves. We consider it reasonable to further explore the possibilities of developing the competence of emotional intelligence in future teachers during their study in higher educational institutions and preschool teachers.