Journal of Intellectual Disability - Diagnosis and Treatment

200-208

Authors: Tri Indah Winarni, Tanjung Ayu Sumekar, Susilo Wibowo, Randi J. Hagerman, Sultana M.H. Faradz

This study was done to determine the risk of anxiety and depression symptoms among fragile X premutation carriers. Hamilton anxiety rating scale (HARS) and Hamilton depression rating scale (HDRS) was administered by trained physicians to measure the severity of anxiety and depression symptoms, respectively. Caregiver distress factors which directly contribute to caregiver burden in particular degree of relationship with the child, number of FXS child, child institutional/educational status, number of hours spent providing care per day, and the degree of illness severity were documented. Thirty-one fragile X carriers (27 females, 4 males), aged 32-77 years participated in this study. Only 3.2% had anxiety symptoms, while depression symptoms were identified in 35.5% carriers. Number of hours of providing care/day were significantly associated with depression symptoms (p<0.001). The prevalence ratio (PR) of depression among individuals who had a distress score above cut-off was 3.2 (95% CI= 1.2 to 8.5) compared to those who had a distress score below cut-off with p=0.02. Fragile X premutation carriers are at a greater risk to develop depression symptoms related to the hours spent in caring for children with fragile X syndrome (FXS

220-226

Authors: Oksana Yu. Gerbali, Lesya N. Gumenyuk, Elena V. Sarchuk, Enver Ya. Kerimov, Nariman E. Karakursakov

The concept of "Fast Track Surgery" has been of increasing interest, which implies accelerated recovery and a decrease in the frequency of postoperative complications, namely, a decrease in the body's stress response to surgery. The study aimed to assess the effect of Fast Track Surgery on the degree of surgical treatment trauma based on the dynamics of the functional integration of hormonal components of the stress-realizing / stress-limiting systems in the perioperative period. The study was conducted in 3 groups of patients. Groups of patients are comparable in age, sex, diagnosis of an underlying disease, degree of operative-anaesthetic risk ASA, intraoperative parameters, which allowed to carry out an analytical evaluation of the results of the study as objectively and reliably as possible. In the postoperative period, the maximum increase in stress-realizing system parameters in all groups was registered in patients after 1 day after surgery, less significant after LSSI-F: the concentration of daily excretion of dopamine exceeded the preoperative values by 1.2 times, epinephrine 2.0 times, norepinephrine in 1.3 times. Along with the activation of the stress-realizing system, a dynamic increase in the activity of the stress-limiting system was noted: after LSSI-F, the level of GABA increased by 1.3 times, after TSSI, the GABA secretion increased 1.2-fold. Laparoscopic SSI in combination with "Fast Track Surgery" contributed to a decrease in the intensity of the patient's stress response to the operating injury, which, in turn, significantly increased the effectiveness of simultaneous treatment and the quality of life of patients.

231-236

Authors: Lyudmila Sergeevna Yermukhanova, Bekhzan Izbergenovich Kushimov, Azhar Nikolaevna Zhexenova, Mukhit Nauryzgaliyevych Turebaev, Nadira Kairatovna Salakhova, Ardak Zhenisbaikyzy Mukhanbediyarova

The purpose of this article is to study the cause-effect relationship leading to suicide based on the results of two questionnaires conducted in Marat Ospanov State Medical University (Aktobe city).Method: The study involves two questionnaire surveys (2016 and 2017 years) of 1,000 1st-4th year students of the West Kazakhstan Marat Ospanov State Medical University based on the Beck Scale for Suicidal Ideation (aimed at determination of the level of depressive state, the portrait of a suicide) and the second similar questionnaire involved 500 respondents of the same University using the Dembo-Rubinstein method in Prikhozhan’s modification, that is aimed at determining the level of self-esteem and aspiration.Results: The questionnaires conducted in Marat Ospanov State Medical University allowed to determine the levels of suicidal behaviour among young people and adolescents of Aktobe city as well as determine the criteria, levels and reasons of suicidal intentions in percentage and by gender criterion. The results are partially presented in the form of diagrams. Conclusions: The study may be used for developing the complex methodologies of suicide prevention among young people and adolescents in Aktobe city and everywhere in the world where such a problem arises sharply. Such a kind of study was firstly conducted with usage of declared methods in Aktobe city.

243-250

Authors: Maria Cristina Cossu, Matilde Conti, Veronica Di Palma, Maddalena Boccia, Umberto Sabatini, Cecilia Guariglia

Huntington Disease (HD) is an autosomal-dominant, neurodegenerative disorder, including motor, cognitive, emotional and behavioral symptoms. Motor symptoms used to set the clinical onset, typically emerge in the middle age. Here, we describe the case of a patient, who received a genetic diagnosis at 75 years and developed motor symptoms at 80. The Patient shows severe motor symptoms in the absence of personality changes or psychiatric disorders typically observed in HD. For what attain neuropsychological profile, it results unaltered apart from a specific deficit in emotion recognition and general slowness on executive functioning tasks, reflecting a specific trade-off between accuracy and rate of performances, that is a selective impairment in fine-tuning of resources. Both of these deficits in the Patient could be ascribable to the frontostriatal atrophy, evidenced by Computed Tomography. While deficit in emotion recognition is a well-known symptom in HD, a deficit in fine-tuning of resources regards a specific aspect of executive function. The ability of fine-tuning resources is the latest step in the development of executive functions, and it could be also the first level to be impaired in HD. We proposed that deficit in fine-tuning of resources could be the core of the neuropsychological deficit in late-onset HD

260-264

Authors: Ibragimova Tursunai, Kokazhaeva Amangul, Kuanbaeva Bayan, Batyrbayeva Gulniet, Zhanat Bissenbayeva, Kadyrova Saltanat

This paper describes the enhancement of the math skills of people with ID in the education process and development of the mathematics methodology. As well this research gives details of its piloting and evaluation with a cohort of learners with ID who were enrolled in an education course. The objective of the correctional school is to provide learners with the necessary math training, to introduce them into the big world of math, to make it an effective means of learning about the surrounding reality, development of thinking and moral perfection.All of the above determines the relevance of the problem of math education of children with mental retardation in the circle of calculations.The aim of the study is theoretically substantiated and experimentally test the system of correctional and pedagogical work on the math education of younger school children with intellectual disabilities in circle math classes.Learners with intellectual disability (ID) have to overcome many barriers and difficulties in order to access all levels of education and partake in college life. Thankfully, educational institutes around the globe are slowly beginning to examine how they can support the equal rights of individuals with ID. In Kazakhstan, one university has recently accredited an innovative education program for college learners with intellectual disabilities. The results of the study are presented by the emergent methodology’s which focuses on mathematics and realizes the important role that numeracy, which plays a great role in today’s society. Despite the increased emphasis on general mathematics education, the authors found there to be a dearth of research regarding the development of such a methodology for learners with ID.

274-281

Authors: Borys A. Yakymchuk, Nataliia V. Hurtovenko, Svitlana M. Makarenko, Serhii V. Albul, Nataliia A. Dobrovolska

The purpose of this study was to examine whether the activities aimed at developing creative thinking had rendered the social adaptation of adolescents with deviant behaviour smooth and evaluate the changes which had resulted from that engagement. The research data were collected through the use of project checklists, student learning outcomes analysis, interviews with teachers and parents, questionnaires. This study used SPSS and SmartPLS statistical analysis tools to analyze the above data and Textalyser application to process the focus group responses.The study found that the participation of the secondary school students with behaviour deviation in legacy projects make their social adaptation easier, improves their social skills and creative thinking style. This study confirms that there is a positive relationship between socially important creative activities, learning motivation and development of creative thinking styles. It has been found that, despite the considerable amount of research regarding the use of creative activity to develop social adaptation skills in adolescents, the problem of social adaptation of adolescents with behaviour deviation has not been sufficiently explored through engaging them in activities aimed at developing creative thinking. The process of social adaptation of adolescents with behaviour deviation is complex and the creative component is in place there, since it supplies the educational process with irreplaceable pedagogical tools that have the potential to "restart" the student’s physiological and psycho-motivational spheres

57-67

Authors: Kevin Xuereb, Wenn B. Lawson

An investigation was undertaken to explore the social environment in a mainstream classroom that housed both non-autistic and autistic students. The research focus was to see if engaging students in a particular programme, successfully reduced stigma. The research is founded upon the concept of autism as part of neurodiversity rather than only disorder. It posits affective and social outcomes of inclusive education can be a reality once stigma is exposed and autism, reframed. The literature reviewed yielded valuable insights into how best to support the rationale of this study to prepare typical classmates for entry of autistic children. Method:Via a single case-study, an engaging and interactive Peer Preparation Programme (PPP) provided opportunities for the pupils and the focus child to interact with each other; enabling them to acquire knowledge about themselves, each other, autism and ways to minimise the negative impact of stigma. Results:Findings indicated a considerable increase in empathetic attitudes, spontaneous interactions, peer awareness, positive peer imitations and peer advocacy. Conclusions:To reframe autism within mainstream classrooms, although conscious this is a single case-study, the program helped pupils comprehend the sensitive issues of social stigma and encourage empathy in practice

77-85

Authors: Jean A. Rondal

A curative perspective on Down syndrome is pointing out. Experimental work regarding chromosome correction and corrective action on genes and proteins is yielding positive results. They open the way to advances in dealing with aneuploidies and may end up markedly changing the life of the individuals affected with these conditions at the same time, several molecules are in the research pipeline of cognitive pharmacotherapy. The paper summarizes these advances and set them into perspective for the future of Down syndrome. Research on the effects of the amyloid cascade in the etiology of Alzheimer disease, which is more frequent in aging persons with Down syndrome, is also analyzed. Its potential for improving early diagnosis and paving the way for stabilizing the condition at least in the first stages is also discussed

97-101

Authors: Wang Haiyan

The search for the best possible form of interaction between modern and traditional medicine in China is quite a controversial issue. It is established that there is a number of social and philosophical viewpoints concerning the problem of integration of modern and traditional medicine, including the following: their integration is impossible; Chinese and modern medicine can be combined in terms of mutual complementation in treatment practice; the integration is quite likely. The author proves that an important prerequisite for the solution to this problem is understanding of the role of the worldview factor and traditions of the Chinese population. The search for the ways to integrate traditional and modern medicine is possible only provided that there is necessary political support from the state.

109-113

Authors: Arash Bayat, Soheila Nikakhlagh, Ehsan Naderifar, Parisa Majlesi, Negin Moradi, Majid Karimi, Hossein Bagheripour, Manzar Majlesi, Nader Saki

Background and Objective:Cochlear implantation influences acoustical and perceptual characteristics of voice in CI children. However, there is limited knowledge of the type and amount of influence of multilingualism on these characteristics of voice in CI children. The present study aimed to comparatively investigate fundamental frequency (F0) between two groups of bilinguals and monolinguals in children who recently underwent CI.Methods: This was a cross-sectional comparative study conducted on Persian-Arabic bilingual children (n=25) and monolingual Persian children (n=25) matched in age and gender. All children had congenitally profound hearing loss and received a unilateral CI before the age of two years. The participants were asked to sustain the vowel /a/ and vowel /e/ on a single breath for 4 seconds, and the F0 value was measured using Praat software. For each participant, the F0 was measured three times and then averaged as mean F0. Results: Our findings indicated no significant differences in terms of mean F0 for the vowels of /a/ and /e/ in monolingual and bilingual groups (p>0.05).Conclusion: Bilingual Persian-Arab children with CI display vocal characteristics that are largely comparable with those of their monolingual Persian peers with CI.

119-133

Authors: Nabi Nazari, Davod Mirzaei Far

This cross-sectional study conducted to develop a model for predicting academic achievement of universitystudents by investigating the relationship between teaching skills, academic emotions (positive and negative), and academic stress associated with Mindset (growth and fixed) using structural equation modeling. The statistical population consisted of 360 students of the Islamic Azad University of Hamedan who were selected randomly using a relative stratified method. The study was descriptive and correlational. The data were analyzed by SPSS version 25 and SmartPLS version 3.2.8. First, the validity of the model was estimated using Cronbach's alpha, composite reliability, convergent validity, and divergent validity; then, the coefficient of determination, effect size, and Stone-Geisser criterion were calculated for evaluating the structural model. The results showed that the validity and adequacy of the suggested model were suitable. Thus, it could be used in different situations by experts in related areas. The relationship between growth Mindset and academic achievement was significant; growth Mindset moderated the effect of negative emotion and stress on academic achievement the crucial role of professor skills in the academic achievement of students was confirmed directly or through its effect on positive emotion. The effect of teaching skills was not significant on the academic achievement of students with fixed Mindset, while the effect of academic stress confirmed on these students. Therefore, the identification of students with fixed Mindset and psychological interventions for these students can be useful in their academic achievement and their mental health

142-149

Authors: Svitlana V. Gordiichuk, Irena E. Snikhovska, Alla M. Harlinska, Serhii M. Hryshchuk, Liudmyla M. Chumak, Liudmyla M. Kalinina

Purpose: to define the dynamics of physical development indicators among medical college students in 2017 and to compare it with the results of the previous study of 2005. Method: The inclusion criteria were: no health complaints at the time of the examination, no chronic diseases in family medical history, no deviations from the norm in clinical and laboratory tests. The selected young men were examined by medical specialists (neuropathologist, ophthalmologist, otolaryngologist, therapist, surgeon); detailed clinical, laboratory and diagnostic tests were conducted: X-ray; spirography; electrocardiography; dental examination; ultrasound examination (cardiovascular, thyroid, abdominal, urological); biochemical blood testing. The participants were subdivided into two groups: Group 1 (students (n=140) who studied at Zhytomyr Medical College in 2004-2005) and Group 2 (students (n=150) who studied at Zhytomyr Medical Institute in 2016-2017). Results: According to the results of studying the dynamics of anthropometric, functional and psychophysiological indicators of physical development among Ukrainian medical college students (n=290; 17-21 years old) in 2017, comparing them with the results of the previous study, conducted in 2005, the tendency to gain in body mass in average values from (0.88 ± 0.26) to (2.7 ± 0.67), in body mass index from (0.88 ± 0.26) to (1.38 ± 0.38), in the fat component from (8.70 ± 0.22) to (9.36 ± 0.21) was established. Conclusions: An increase in body mass index, the fat component in medical college students was revealed, which is related to problems in the quality of the students' diet. Though the muscle mass has increased, and the study indicates that there is insufficient physical activity; sustainability and concentration of attention indicators tend to decrease under the influence of intensification of the educational process. The dynamics of the indicators under analysis indicates the stabilization of the growth process in Ukrainian male students

157-161

Authors: Abizhanova Assem, Almukhambetov Berikzhan, Kanapyanova Raushan, Mukhanova Ainur, Zhapalova Kamila, Kapessova Taniya

One of the priority tasks of school education is the formation of personality and its basic culture, including aesthetic one. However, the influence of art on the education of a person depends to a certain extent on his aesthetic development. It brings pleasure and enjoyment only to a person who has the appropriate training and is sufficiently aesthetically educated.The task of the correctional school is to provide students with the necessary aesthetic training, to introduce them into the big world of art, to make it an effective means of learning about the surrounding reality, development of thinking and moral perfection.All of the above determines the relevance of the problem of aesthetic education of children with mental retardation in circle embroidery.Purpose of the study is theoretically substantiated and experimentally test the system of correctional and pedagogical work on the aesthetic education of younger school children with intellectual disabilities in circle embroidery classes.

170-178

Authors: Hlib A. Prib, Zlata V. Gromova

Resistance to organizational change as a facet of psychological resistance of an individual is a widespread phenomenon through which countries, organizations and individuals suffer significant losses. The increasing amount of articles and scientific papers researching the phenomenon of change resistance published for the past 50 year serves as an indicator that the problem of people resisting the implementation of change has not yet been fully studied. Yet the relevance of the issue is far from decreasing as companies keep sustaining considerable losses with the desired changes failing to be implemented as suggested by multiple studies. We believe there is an insufficiently researched aspect of this issue. The purpose of the article is to establish a clear connection between resistance to organizational change and psychological resistance. We believe that such a connection attesting to change resistance being a psychological phenomenon will shift the focus of future research from the organizational or managerial standpoint to viewing change resistance in a psychological dimension. A thorough analysis of previously conducted studies serves as a basis for revealing commonalities between the reason for change resistance and psychological resistance. A chart representing own classification of the reasons for change resistance and psychological resistance illustrating the similarities of the two phenomena can be found in the article. The present study further explores the connections of various strengths that can be seen between the two phenomena and proposes a summary spreadsheet demonstrating the research findings. The article concluded a comparative classification of the reasons for PR and RC appearance, it was stated the connections differ in terms of strengths and permanence.

188-199

Authors: Borys A. Yakymchuk, Iryna P. Yakymchuk, Iryna O. Vakhotska, Irina V. Sundukova, Yaroslava O. Lohvinova

In periods of social change, creativity is the leading resource for human adaptation. Therefore, in the learning process, it is important to provide for the development of creativity both as a professional skill and as a general life competence. This work aims to elucidate the features of the formation of creativity and intelligence of students in connection with their position in interpersonal relationships. We measured various creative abilities of 224 students of the Faculty of Physical Education (a set of tasks from the tests of creativity by Torrance and Guilford); general intelligence (Raven’s Progressive matrices) and sociometric status (Moreno’s method, the criteria of educational achievements, informal-emotional communication and sports team leadership were used). It is shown that in the learning process, students significantly increase the level of general intelligence, verbal and practical (everyday) creativity increases. The uneven dynamics of the manifestations of different types of creativity depending on the stage of learning was revealed: during periods of intense adaptation, a redistribution of cognitive efforts to achieve more significant and relevant goals was observed. Eight different types of combinations of creative abilities and general intelligence that determine the diversity of students’ adaptation strategies have been identified. Direct correlations and nonlinear relationships between the severity of various cognitive abilities and sociometric status are described. The balance of intellectual and creative processes, their effective use in various situations of interpersonal interaction is the key to gaining social authority

31-36

Authors: Vadym N. Goncharenko

The pathogenetic aspects of stress on reproductive health and fertility of a woman are multi-vector, this is justified by the need for timely diagnosis and the development of new approaches to differentiated treatment of PA.Objective: to determine the characteristics of the hormonal profile, the psycho-emotional state and changes in the bioelectric activity of the brain in women with stress-induced psychogenic amenorrhea (PA).Material and Methods:The main group included 54 women with PA from 19 to 37 years, the control group – 25 healthy women from 18 to 35 years. Blood plasma FSH, LH, E2, P, Pr, DHEAS, C levels were checked by the immuno-enzymatic method, bioelectric activity measurement of the brain – with an electroencephalography, women psycho-emotional status – by the Spielberg-Hanin test, statistical data processing was performed using Windows SPSS 11.5.and was carried out by means of standard methods.Results: Patients were divided on 3 subgroups depend on significant (р<0.05) Prl or C or their combination levels increasing. The presence of nonspecific signs of activation of the structures of the brain stem in patients with PA was established by EEG with significantly (р<0.05) higher frequency. The analysis of the psycho-emotional status of women showed a high level of personal and reactive anxiety.Conclusions: The revealed features of hormonal imbalance and psycho-emotional status in women with PA indicate the necessity of involving adjacent specialists - neurologists and psychotherapists for timely and adequate examination with the appointment of differentiated pathogenetically substantiated treatment

47-52

Authors: Kamrani Solmaz, Khatere Tooba, Mohammad Zaefizadeh

Breast cancer is the most common cancer and a common cause of death, which occurs due to cancer among women in the world. Cancer cells need a lot of energy to their uncontrolled growth, so it seems that the expression of the enzyme in the Krebs cycle is changing. There are some reports about mutations and altered expression of succinate dehydrogenase, fumarate Hydratase,and isocitrate dehydrogenase in human cancers.This research aimedto investigate the role of magnetite nanoparticle Oleuropein on the Krebs cycle proteins expression on the breast cancer cell line. Oleuropeinis one of the polyphenoliccomponents in olive trees and has some benefits in some diseases,including cancer.In addition to testing the viability test MTT (3- 4,5 Dimethylthiazol-2-yl -2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide) assay, in three levels of Oleuropein 0ppm, 300ppm, 600ppm proteomics analysis was also performed in cell line MCF7 in this study. The results ofdifferential protein spots identification into two-dimensional electrophoresis and matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry (MS-MALDI-TOF-TOF), showed that fumarylacetoacetatehydrolase, succinate-coenzymeA ligase and isocitrate dehydrogenase1 are differential proteins upregulated after treated with 300ppm and 600ppm of oleuropein. It seems that Nano Oleuropein is a booster of Krebs cycle with upregulation of Fumarylacetoacetase, succinate-CoA ligase, and isocitrate dehydrogenase1. Uncoordinated Overexpression of some Krebs cycle protein can be one of the inhibition mechanisms on the breast cancer cell line under Oleuropein treatment

1-8

Authors: Oksana H. Oleksiyenko, Oksana M. Martsyniak-Dorosh, Sergii V. Mishyn, Oleksander M. Buryanovatiy, Borys A. Yakymchuk

The main objective of this research is to explore how effective and efficient the convergent use of traditional and smart technology tools could be when deployed in fostering leadership competencies of the students in the settings of tertiary vocational education. The experiment involved the students of two universities doing the elective course “Do Better Your Leadership Skills Up”. Having been split up into two halves, the first part of the focus group used thetraditional forms of educational process, while the second one additionally used the software like CogniFit, Lumosity, BrainHQ, NeuroNation, Brain Metrix, Eidetic, Fit Brains, BrainExer 2.0. At the entry stage, the pedagogic surveys had been used as well as the cognitive function test to study the cognitive capabilities of the focus group students. We used a multi method approach of combining the close-ended and open-ended questions to get the feedback and the above cognitive test to measure the output of the study. Quantitative methodshad been used to analyze the data and such Covariance-based Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) software as SPSS AMOS had been applied to evaluate the results because cognitive function of a person includes sub-components of latent constructs. Textalyzer software had been used to process the students’ responses to open-ended questions of the questionnaire for the most commonly used positive words in the texts, which helped us to identify broad categories of responses. Here, the most commonly used words we had distinguished were “involvement”, “improvement”, “gamification”, “motivation”, “speed”, “concentration”, “memory”, “current studies”, “future job”. Then we distributed the answers by the frequency of the identified words. The responses, which fell under no category, had been analyzed manually. The experimentally obtained data shows that integration of the smart technology into traditional learning environment increases students’ involvement by 23%, personal transformation by 18% and motivation by 17%. Our study proves that the convergent mode of instruction brings more benefits to the students in terms of fostering cognitive aspects of leadership competencies in the process of vocational training than the traditional mode. We found that the converged pedagogical mode enhances the collaboration and involvement of all the stakeholders of educational process. It makes students achieve the greatest personal satisfaction through enhanced self-esteem, efficiency gains, a sense of continuous personal achievement and enhanced autonomy and experimenting with their own learning strategies. We suggest universities (of Ukraine, specifically) to provide training to the teachers with all the latest technology, which seems essential for teaching. Academic institutions (of Ukraine) should also invest into research in the area of the educational-purpose use of smart technology

21-26

Authors: Yessimgaliyeva Tlekshi, Kurmanbayeva Lyazzat, Anasova Kalamkas, Eshmetova Gulnar, Mukhabayev Nurtaza

Many communication scholars and researchers agree that students with oral communication disabilities should be trained to be effective communicators and that effective communication strategies need to be taught to those students to improve their communication skills. They further agree that if students are not taught effective communication strategies, they will rely on the policies that do not work well, such as borrowing from language and avoidance strategies. Therefore, the author developed a way of teaching communication strategies to students with oral communication disabilities. This way is based on the concept of scaffolding, interaction hypothesis, and the social cognitive theory.