Journal of Intellectual Disability - Diagnosis and Treatment

136-142

Authors: Md. Assadik Alam, Md. Sahab Uddin, G.M. Sala Uddin, Farzana Yasmin Swapna, Md. Shah Amran

Background: Attention is the state of applying the concentration to something and it's strongly linked to academic performance. The drive of this study was to analyze the academic performance and attention of undergraduate students. Methods: The study was implemented on 139 undergraduate students of Bangladesh selected from 9 universities from April to August 2018. In this study to investigate the attention of the students, the Uddin’s Numeral Finding (NF) and Typo Revealing (TR) tests were used. Results: In the NF test male students with last semester cumulative grade point average (CGPA) of 3.47 (highest) exerted the maximum 40% attention but female students exerted only 33.3% attention and their last semester CGPAwas 3. Students with age > 22 years exerted maximum, 70.55%, and 35.2% attention in NF and TR tests respectively with last semester CGPA of 3.56 (maximum). In the NF and TR tests, highest, 89.73%, and 50.33% attention respectively were reported by 1st-year students with last semester CGPA of only 3.70. High-socioeconomic status students with last semester CGPA of 3.43 (lowest) exerted maximum 75.30% attention in NF test. There were no significant associations between variables.Conclusion: Attention is a very rudimentary function that often is a forerunner to cognitive functions. Individual differences in academic performance have been linked to differences in attention and intelligence.

149-153

Authors: E. Baltabayev, E. Saidakov, E. Telakhynov, Sh.A. Mendigaliyeva, A. Kulzhabayev

Sport has relatively recently ceased to be an applied institution of social life. If earlier the sport had a strictly defined additional orientation (for example, it served the purposes of increasing the combat training of the army), then after the Second World War, sport becomes a means of demonstrating the prestige of the state, reaching the international level. Sport becomes a professional activity and an independent direction of the commercial life of the society. This paper is a preliminary research which gathers quantitative and qualitative information about social bonding for two categories of stake-holders: intellectually disabled athletes and partners from mainstream schools, training and competing in unique teams. This approach aimed at: identifying the perception of self-concept and self-esteem among ID athletes in relation to their social integration, determining the way ID athletes think they are perceived by their school friends and partners within Special Olympics events, identifying the positive effects on both personal and social levels, by participating in Sports events, identifying the partners’ perception related to the athletes’ abilities and possibility to advocate in this respect.All data confirmed that regular training and Sports competition attendance leads to greater social inclusion, an interesting self-concept and self-esteem perception of the athletes, as well as certain inside ways of viewing the positive outcomes of delivering such educational programs

63-76

Authors: Md. Tanvir Kabir, Hasina Yasmin, Umme Salma Khanam, Mohd. Raeed Jamiruddin, Md. Sahab Uddin, Mohamed M. Abdel-Daim

Dystonia is the third leading movement disorder arising mainly from the damage of basal ganglia or other parts of the brain that control movements. The objective of this review is to represent the detailed profile of dystonia. A computerized literature review was conducted in authentic scientific databases including PubMed, Google Scholar, Scopus, Science Direct and National Institutes of Health (NIH) etc. Terms searched included dystonia, risk factors, etiologies, clinical features, classification, pathology, guidelines, treatment strategies, primary and secondary dystonia. Initially, 97 articles and 9 books were extracted but finally, 64 articles and 7 books were used. After analysis, we found that causes of dystonia could be acquired or inherited and dystonia can be classified based on age at onset, etiology, and distribution of the affected body parts. The risk factors of this heterogeneous disorder could be trauma, thyroid disorder, hypertension, life habits, occupation, use of drugs and genetics. A significant number of articles were found which signify the ability of brainstem and cerebellar pathology to trigger the symptoms of dystonia. Since antipsychotic drugs are the most commonly prescribed among the people with intellectual disability (ID), therefore they possess a greater risk to experience antipsychotic drugs-induced movement side effects including acute dystonia, parkinsonism, tardive dyskinesia, and akathisia. Depending on various manifestations and causes, there are several treatment options including oral medications, intramuscular injection of botulinum toxin, neurosurgical procedures and occupational therapy.

84-88

Authors: Marfuga Absatovna Absatova, Sabira Nishanbaeva, Toleuzhan Baibolovna Nurpeisova, Kalipa Tursunovna Atemova

The relevance of the research topic is due to the diversity and complexity of the tasks of human education in the 21st century. The modernization processes taking place in the modern Kazakhstani society created a deep crisis of many aspects of social life, including negatively affecting the value orientations of the younger generation, led to the devaluation of family values, alienation of youth from institutions of upbringing. This significant transformation partly led to a change in the orientations and priorities in the educational process of students. Analysis of the activity of higher education institutions in the education of family and moral values among students in the process of teaching and educational work made it possible to identify contradictions between: - the acute need of modern society for the upbringing of family and moral values among students and the underestimation of the significance of the process of family education in general; - the existing traditionally developed approach to determining the content of forms and methods of instruction and the objective needs of a qualitatively new attitude to the education of family and moral values among students in the process of education and educational work. This study allowed us to draw the following conclusions. The essence of the concept of "value" was substantiated, the content of the concept "family and moral values" was clarified on the basis of the analysis of scientific psychological and pedagogical literature. Experimental work was carried out among students of 1,2,3 courses of the specialty "Pedagogy and Psychology" of the Kazakh National Pedagogical University named after Abay, within the framework of which they tried to determine whether the family value is significant in the student environment. Justification of the novelty of the work. The authors attempted to reveal for the first time among students of a pedagogical university their real relation to the family, to family and moral values.

96-104

Authors: Gulnar Orynbek, Akbarkan Dauletali, Orazakynkyzy Farida, Koishigulova Lyailya, Bissenbayeva Zhanat

As we live in global village, there are several inner circle native English speakers around the world. Furthermore, there are people who live in out circle and speak English as a second language, the rest who live in expending circle and use English as a foreign language. The increase use of English as an international language more people believe that the necessity of some knowledge about English language should be known, since it provides the awareness of learners beliefs about English language learning as well as it expands the job opportunities. This study can be significant in two parts (theoretical and practical). Firstly in theoretical part this research can be a new area in English language learners' beliefs in applied linguistics worldwide, and this study can offers information about Kazakhstan University students' beliefs about English language learning. Secondly in practical level, this research would help EFL teachers in Kazakhstan for understanding of their students' beliefs about English language learning, and also can be a guideline to the teachers in their teaching methods as well as for the learners understanding of their own beliefs about English language learning.

110-114

Authors: Aitenova Elmira, Shalabayeva Laura, Abdykadyrova Tursynay, Abdualieva Zhazira, Baikulova Aigerim

The reorientation of society to the market relations was required major changes in the system of vocational education. When employment, the employer is interested not store of the oretical knowledge of graduates of higher and secondary special educational institutions, but their preparedness to fulfillment of professional activities in this area. In connection with these requirements of employers and society in our country, were started the implementation of dual system of education. There has developed the innovative labor market in Kazakhstan. And it is necessary to review the traditional approaches in system of vocational education. However, the educational institutions cannot to shift to the new goals of specialists training yet. "Duality" means "double unity, duality". Dual training, as showed the practice of European education system is the product of close cooperation between educational institutions and employers for successful professional and social adaptation of future specialists. Together with this, given manuscript demonstrates the necessity of dual oriented education in educational system of the Republic of Kazakhstan for enhancement the professional preparation of the specialists

119-124

Authors: Izteleuova Lyazat, Mukhamedeyev Takhi, Mukhamedeyeva Irina, Bekishev Kuandyk, Yenseyeva Venera, Rakhipova Saira

The article presents the analysis of the components of monitoring as one of management tools for the higher education (HE) system at macro- and micro-levels. The aim of the article is to identify problems of its organization and implementation in the system of professional education on the whole and in higher educational institutions in particular, as well as to analyze the application prospects of monitoring. The conducted research has revealed that although monitoring techniques have been used in the education system widely and for a long time, insufficient account has been taken of opportunities emerging from their direct impact on the effectiveness of education quality. In using monitoring as a tool for assessing higher education quality, various problems arise. Monitoring, in this case, is not a universal tool; but if it is adequate to the existing conditions and its results are correctly used, it can essentially improve the quality of the education process and of its outcomes.

131-135

Authors: Koshanova Gulyash, Mamayeva Venera, Kulzhagarova Bazarkul, Shuakbayeva Rakhat, Saparbayeva Sholpan

Pedagogical education in Kazakhstan has reached a new level of development. Changes occurring in the value, target, functional and other spheres of modern education require adequate identification and scientific and pedagogical comprehension. The essence of these changes, affecting both individual national structures and the world community as a whole, can be designated by the term "˜integration". Confrontation is replaced by an association that implies a complex interaction between interests of individual subjects of integration and requires a qualitatively new level of management and regulation of such interactions. The dynamics of change in various areas determines the shifts in the geopolitical, economic, social and other conditions of human activity. The objective of this article was to examine evaluation of training in higher education as an integral part of teacher daily work. A questionnaire was administered to a group of teachers, who responded to several items related to these six dimensions: discipline, characteristics of the course, evaluation tools, evaluation practices, communication between teacher and student, and involvement of teachers in improving learning assessment.

31-35

Authors: Fernando-J. Palomar- Mascaró

We present a case of a female who suffered a right cerebral infarction, which caused left Homonymous hemianopia. She couldn't walk alone or do tasks of near vision, like reading. We used Palomar's prisms and visual therapy online with stimulation exercises and spatial localization for his rehabilitation. The patient was able to totally recover the central visual field in one year of treatment, being able to walk alone with the far visual aid.

43-48

Authors: Tri Indah Winarni, Hardian Hardian, Suharta Suharta, Annastasia Ediati

Introduction: sexual and reproductive rights in individuals with intellectual disabilities (ID), particularly in developing countries, are often neglected. Although affected individuals never complained, the problems were found augmented from the affected families. Over the last two decades, parents and professionals acknowledged sexual and reproductive right and try to accommodate these needs. Indonesia, a developing country with a strong religious and culture beliefs may has different perspectives on attitudes towards sexuality in individuals with ID which respect the sexual and reproductive right augmented from the affected family. The aimed of this study was to explore the attitudes towards sexuality on individuals with ID. The findings are expected to contribute to the movement in recognizing sexual and reproductive health and rights (SRHR) in individuals with ID. Methods: thirty participants were included in this study consisted of supporting staffs of rehabilitation center for disabled individual, parents, religious leaders and community. Participants fulfilled the two sets of Attitude to Sexuality Questionnaires towards individuals with ID (ASQ-ID). Results: the attitudes towards sexuality in males were found similar with females with ID, age did not play a role in the attitude towards sexuality in ID. Indonesian attitudes towards sexuality in individuals with ID was found the most conservative compared to other countries with the mean of sexual right was 3.7±0.22, parenting was 3.5±0.30, non-reproductive sexual behavior was 3.4±0.49, and self-control was 3.4±0.73. Conclusion: the attitudes towards sexuality in individual with ID is somewhat negative, strong culture and religious beliefs /and values may have strong influence.

1-7

Authors: Jennifer Wood Kanupka, Kathryn N. Oriel, Cheryl L. George, Lindi Crist, Kaitlyn Deardorff, Danielle Douglass, Kiersten Prenger, Rebecca Ulicny, Danielle Wirick

Children with Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) often demonstrate disturbed sleep behaviors that negatively impact daytime behavior. The purpose of this study was: 1) To determine if participation in aquatic exercise improves sleep duration in children with ASD, and 2) to examine the social validity of the intervention. A within-subjects crossover design over an 8 week period was used. Participants were assigned to the intervention (aquatic exercise 2x/ week for 1 hour) or the control (no exercise) condition for 4 weeks; they then switched conditions for 4 weeks. Sleep habits were recorded using the EMFIT QS sleep monitor. The IRP-15 was administered to parents after completion of the intervention to establish social validity. Mean sleep duration for intervention versus control was compared using the Wilcoxon-Signed Ranks Test. Statistically significant improvements (p=0.012) in sleep duration were observed (intervention:Â 9.27 hours vs control 8.37 hours). Descriptive statistics were used to analyze IRP-15 data indicating the majority of parents strongly agreed that aquatic exercise had a positive effect on their child's sleep. Results suggest that participation in an aquatic exercise program may lead to improved sleep duration in children with ASD, and is a socially valid intervention.

14-24

Authors: Joana Prata, Rui Coelho, Wenn Lawson

Research on the autism spectrum (AS) has expanded tremendously over the last two decades with exciting insights into underlying neurobiology. Neuroplasticity, the remarkable ability of the brain to form new connections as a result of experience, is not limited to specific parts of the brain nor does it have a time limit meaning that growth and learning are on-going processes. In this review we explore the impact of the attitude of acceptance, enthusiasm and learning through motivation on brain development in children on the AS. The first part of the review focusses on the impact of attitude on social, emotional and cognitive development, while the second part focusses on the impact of attitude on brain biology.