Revista Contexto & Saúde

e10324

Authors: Camila Weber Freitas , Keli Jaqueline Staudt ,Ana Melissa Rambo , Izabel Almeida Alves , Rosane Teresinha Fontana

The multi-resistant bacteria that are distributed in the hospital environment and become resistant are a major problem of contamination by healthcare professionals and patients. Thus, this research aimed to identify the microorganisms existing on drug preparation benches at the nursing units of a hospital institution. Sampling was performed with a swab sliding on the surface of the drug preparation benches. Twenty-one samples were collected, collected from the different surfaces of the units that attend to ICU-Neonatal, Maternity, Adult ICU, Pediatrics, Care, Clinic, Pre-surgical Unit, Post-Surgical Unit, Psychiatry, Ambulatory and Surgical Center. Isolates were identified by conventional microbiological techniques. The susceptibility tests were performed based on the CLSI protocol M100-S23, 2013. The analysis was done using descriptive statistics, by frequency distribution. With the exception of the Neonatal ICU, growths of pathogenic microorganisms were observed in the benches of all units evaluated. The microorganisms isolated were: Staphylococcus coagulase negative, Staphylococcus aureus, Acinetobacter baumannii, Candida albicans, Enterobacter agglomeransand Pseudomonas aeruginosa, where 75% of the species of Staphylococcus aureus were resistant to methicillin and Staphylococcus coagulase negative was resistant to methicillin antibiotic. In Unit E, the bacterium identified as Acinetobacter baumannii did not show multiresistance. It is concluded that there is a need for permanent health education for workers in order to strengthen hand hygiene and cleaning and disinfection of medication administration benches.

e10853

Authors: Jéssica Siqueira Perboni , Stefanie Griebeler Oliveira , Fernanda Sant’Ana Tristão

Aim: to problematize home care in relation to its organization, functioning and conduct of the conducts performed by health professionals in this scenario. Method: It was a qualitative research inserted in the Foucaultian Studies, carried out in a Home Care Service of a Teaching Hospital in the South of Brazil, with 12 health professionals. As a data collection technique, participant observation was used from April to August 2018. Data were organized and analyzed with Foucault’s tools: subjectivity and power. Results: Tactics used by health professionals for easier access to the home and the bodies of patients, as well as the establishment of power relationships, which make changes in the ways of life of patients and caregivers were highlighted. In addition, study points out the (im)possibilities of the service, mainly for maintaining the patient in the home environment. For home care to be possible, spaces are (re)configured, materials are made available, in addition to signaling the importance of having a family caregiver 24 hours a day. Conclusion: Control strategies in home care are established, so that the bodies of the chronically ill are governed, allowing them to remain at home, a space now institutionalized.

e10534

Authors: Livia Fernanda Siqueira Santos , Janiel Conceição da Silva , Daianne Santos de Souza , Livia Maia Pascoal , Adriana Gomes Nogueira Ferreira , Floriacy Stabnow Santos , Marcelino Santos Neto

The objective was to analyze the national and international scientific production about the spatial analysis techniques used in the detection of tuberculosis/HIV co-infection in the world. It is an integrative literature review, which used the PICo strategy to elaborate the guiding question: What is the scientific evidence related to the use of spatial analysis techniques in the detection of tuberculosis / HIV co-infection in the world? Searches were conducted in the LILACS, PubMed® and MEDLINE® databases, and in the SciELO electronic library in January 2020, using the descriptors “Tuberculosis (TB) HIV coinfection”, “spatial analysis”, “disease notification”, “risk area”,“ TB / HIV”,“ spatiotemporal ”isolated and / or combined. Articles available in full in Portuguese, English and Spanish were included, excluding dissertations, theses, literature reviews and editorial notes. 16 articles were analyzed, published from 2006 onwards. All used secondary data, with an ecological design. Area data analysis techniques, Bayesian analysis, global and local Moran, scanning statistics, Gaussian geostatic model and Krigagem were used to determine the heterogeneous distribution of the co-infection, with emphasis on the prevalence and mortality coefficients, especially in scenarios such as Brazil and Africa. The diversity of spatial analysis techniques identified, with emphasis on analysis of area data and Bayesian analysis, contributed to assessment and identification of risk factors for indicators of morbidity and mortality to co-infection, targets for action and planning of public health policies, enabling the implementation of actions focused on curative and preventive issues, based on the reduction of socio-spatial inequalities in different scenarios.

e12631

Authors: Letícia Coelho Silveira , Pedro Ian Barbalho Gualberto, Vinícius Vieira Benvindo , Beatriz Magalhães Pereira , Pedro Henrique Berbert de Carvalho, Luis Fernando Deresz

Along with the growing popularity of mountain biking (MTB), there was a corresponding increase in musculoskeletal injuries and pain related to the modality. This study evaluated the presence of injuries as well as musculoskeletal pain and numbness related to the practice of MTB in cyclists. This is a descriptive study in which injuries and musculoskeletal pain and numbness were evaluated by the Nordic Musculoskeletal questionnaire. Chi-square test, or Fisher’s exact test, were used to compare data proportions and a Multivariate Binary Logistic Regression model was performed to analyze injuries and musculoskeletal pain predictors. Of a total 243 participants (199 – 81.9% men), 28 (11.52%) reported injuries (6 – 13.64% women and 22 – 11.06% men) and 175 (72.02%) musculoskeletal pain (33 – 75% women and 142 – 71.36% men). The most-reported musculoskeletal pains were wrist/hand (115 – 47.33%), knees (44 – 18.11%), and lumbar (43 – 17.70%). According to the logistic regression, overweight/obesity was a predictor for musculoskeletal pain (OR=1.974, IC 95% = 1.105 – 3.526). Study results point out that the presence of musculoskeletal pain is superior to the presence of injuries, and that overweight/obesity is associated with musculoskeletal pain, indicating that these aspects must be considered while planning activities to prevent MTB-related injuries.

e12615

Authors: Milena Serenini ,Ana Poblacion , Renan Serenini ,Heloisa Jorge Mota , Lilian Gonçalves Teixeira ,Maysa Helena de Aguiar Toloni , José Augusto de Aguiar Carrazedo Taddei

Objective: Assess the proportion of cases of iron deficiency anemia among adolescents and discuss it in light of the health conditionalities of the Bolsa Família Program (BFP). Methodology: Quantitative cross-sectional study with a sample of 165 adolescents, ages between 10 and 18 years, both sexes, participating in the PBF in the municipality of Lavras-MG. Anemia was detected trough digitally puncturing a drop of blood using a Hemocue® portable hemoglobinometer. Food security status, nutritional status and food consumption were evaluated. Results: The prevalence of anemia was 26%, which is classified as a moderate public health problem. The presence of anemia was associated with the consumption of fried goods (p = 0.020), chocolate milk (p = 0.042) and stuffed biscuits (p=0.045). Overweight was found in 21.8% of female adolescents, and 12.6% of male adolescents. Food insecurity prevalence was detected in 42.5% of adolescents. Conclusion: Unpublished data on the high prevalence of anemia among adolescents participating in the BFP in the city of Lavras-MG are presented in this research. These results show that despite advances in the proposal of public policies to fight anemia, they are not reaching this age group. Specifically, the BFP is a public policy that contributes to the prevention and mitigation of anemia, however changes in its methodological design are necessary, especially its health conditionalities, by developing strategies that expand actions of food and nutrition surveillance in the context of the health of adolescents participating in the Bolsa Família Program.

e10245

Authors: Silvana Basso Miolo , Xavéle Braatz Petermann , Elenir Fedosse

Objective: To analyze the training for acting in Primary Care at graduation and in the Multiprofessional Residency in Health in the Southern Region of Brazil. Methodology: Quantitative study conducted with second year residents, graduates and dropout residents through a questionnaire sent via Google drive. The data were analyzed descriptively and presented using tables, tables and figures. Results: As for the opinion of Graduates, Residents and Residents who dropped out about their preparation for acting in Primary Care at the end of graduation, most considered it insufficient and precarious. It was observed that most graduates considered the contribution of the Multiprofessional Residency in Health to their professional performance in Primary Care to be full and adequate. Conclusion: The Multiprofessional Residency in Health in Primary Care has fulfilled its purpose of training for the Unified Health System. As a pioneer and regional, this study opens spaces for new discussions about the Multiprofessional Residency in Health Programs and the formation of professions from health to acting in Primary Care in health degrees in the Brazilian context.

e10590

Authors: Frederico Reis de Souza Borges ,Rayara Batista Lopes ,Sara Fernandes Correia , Mirlene Garcia Nascimento ,Constanza Thaise Xavier Silva

Objective: to describe the clinical-epidemiological profile of patients with hepatitis C notified in Anápolis, Goiás from January 2012 to December 2018. Materials and methods: This is an epidemiological, observational, descriptive and cross-sectional study of a quantitative nature. Data from the hepatitis C (HCV) notification form registered at the Epidemiological Surveillance Department of the Municipal Health Secretariat of Anápolis, Goiás, were collected. Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS®) program and significance level o value 5% (p <0.05) for all analyzes. Results: Assistance was offered to 239 patients between the years studied, ranging from 31 to 43 cases per year. Most cases were male (61.5%, p = 0.431) aged between 30 and 50 years (45.6%, p = 0.015) of brown color (64%, p = 0.029) and had 5th to 8th complete series (20.8%, p = 0.004). Genotype 1 was the most prevalent (67.5%, p = 0.644) along with the chronic / asymptomatic form (76.6%, p = 0.001). The source of infection was 23.0% of cases through sexual intercourse and 72.0% of notifications did not have this information (p = 0.019). Conclusion: The importance of knowing the prevalence of HCV is emphasized to understand its spread and, thus, to have subsidies for control measures in the fight against infection, in addition to the training to properly fill out the notification forms, since the omission of data directly interferes in the teaching and research, in addition to the quality of care.

e9569

Authors: Camila Albuquerque Queiroz , Keila Maria de Azevedo Ponte , Lucas Teixeira de Sousa Santos , Hermínia Maria Sousa da Ponte

The objective was to investigate the contribution of an Educational Technology (ET) to the prevention of Cardiovascular Diseases (CVD) in menopausal women. This is a participatory and exploratory descriptive research, with a qualitative approach conducted from November 2016 to March 2017 with women in the climacteric in Sobral-Ceará. The educational technology called the Heart of Women contributed in a playful way in learning, understanding, awareness, knowledge about Cvds and holistic look at their own health. In their evaluation there was an excellent adherence in relation to ET.

e10107

Authors: Lilian Elizabeth Cassia Leite Ladessa , Lucio Garcia de Oliveira Lucia Pereira Barroso , Lucas Melo Neves , Carolina Nunes França

This study aimed to estimate the prevalence of depressive symptoms in a sample of hospitalized elderly people, as well as their relationship with the chance of a death event 90 and 180 days after hospital discharge. This is a cross-sectional study, carried out with 213 elderly people admitted to a general-secondary hospital in the south of the city of São Paulo, during the years 2016-2017. Participants were asked to answer questionnaires about personal data, depressive symptoms and confounding variables, and were contacted again at 90 and 180 days after discharge. A logistic regression model was individually adjusted for health indicators; the null hypothesis was refuted when p<0.05. In this sense, a total of 42.5% of hospitalized elderly people had depressive symptoms. At 90 days, 26% of them reported worsening health status, 20.5% were readmitted and 18.7% progressed to death; those prevalences increased at 180 days. The presence of depressive symptoms increased the chance of a mortality event 180 days after hospital discharge. Thus, we conclude that the prevalence of depressive symptoms in this sample was higher than that found in previous studies. It is noteworthy that these symptoms negatively affect the chance of mortality after hospital discharge, so we suggest the early identification and treatment of these symptoms during the hospitalization of patients.

e12752

Authors: Bruna Hinnah Borges Martins de Freitas , Marcus Vinícius Mizoguchi , Ana Julia Cândida Ferreira , Amanda Paganini Lourencini, Marcos Douglas Marques Rodrigues , Milena Santos e Silva

This study aimed to describe the perception of the academic community in health study field about interprofessionality. This is an exploratory-descriptive research with a qualitative nature carried out with the academic community of health courses at a public university in Cuiabá, Mato Grosso, Brazil. 24 remote interviews were carried out with students, course coordinators and professors. The empirical material resulting from the interviews was submitted to a content analysis technique recommended by Bardin9 . With the analysis of the interviews, it was possible to identify three categories with descriptions of how the academic community understands the concept of interprofessionality in health study field, as well as realizing its potential and foreseeing the challenges to be overcome. We believe that the community which participate in this study has a good understanding of the concepts and assumptions of education and interprofessional collaboration in health and that, taking into account its potential, they look forward to its incorporation in the university and in health services in order to foster an expanded and qualified health care.

e12886

Authors: Fernanda Carlise Mattioni , Liliane Spencer Bittencourt Brochier , José Gabriel Ferroni Leão , Priscila Tadei Nakata Zago , Cristianne Maria Famer Rocha

Objective: to identify and analyse health promotion practices, aimed at groups and collectives, carried out by Primary Health Care (PHC) teams in Brazil in the last five years. Method: Integrative review, based on crossing the descriptor and/or MeSH “Health Promotion” with the keywords “Primary Health Care” and/or “Primary Health Care” in Lilacs, Ibecs, BDENF, SciELO, CINAHL, Medline, Embase, Web of Science and Scopus. Original articles published between January 2016 and February 2021 were included. Results: 37 articles were included and grouped into a numerical synthesis and a thematic synthesis. The Health Promotion practices described by the studies mostly fall under the behavioural approach. Some studies presented practices that refer to the participatory reformist approach. Final Considerations: We identified Health Promotion practices in PHC in six themes: Health Promotion as synonymous with health education for behavior change and adoption of healthy habits; factors associated with adherence/participation in the practices offered; description and analysis of a set of Health Promotion practices; Health Promotion as resistance to the biomedical model and increased quality of life; reflective processes and participation as Health Promotion practices; and, offering spaces for physical activity in communities. It is noteworthy that the need to expand the scope of Health Promotion practices, performed in PHC, can enable a greater impact of these practices on the Social Determinants of Health.

e10856

Authors: Eliane Mattana Griebler , Valéria Feijó Martins , Andrea Kruger Gonçalves

The aim of this study was to analyze the effects of interventions performed with physical exercise on the cognition of the elderly from the systematic analysis of scientific articles. This is a systematic review of the literature and the databases used in the search were the Capes Journal Portal, the Virtual Health Library (VHL) and Medline following the requirements of the Prisma model and PEDro scale. The search was performed using the keywords “physical exercise” OR “physical activity” AND “cognition” AND “elderly”. After refinement, the total score was 9 articles. In analyzing the studies found, it was noticed that the studies published during this period present different forms of intervention and training, with emphasis on the practice of different types of exercises as a way of preventing and maintaining cognitive abilities in the elderly population. It is concluded that interventions containing the practice of physical exercise, regardless of the intervention time, have a positive effect on factors related to the cognition of the elderly.