Revista Contexto & Saúde

5-12

Authors: Carlos Igor Mazzitelli Balsamo, Vinícius Vargas Dal Carobo, Marcia Montagner, Camila Lehnhart Vargas, Franceliane Jobim Benedet

This study aims to analyze the influence of maternal weight gain on the newborn’s nutritional status. This is a quantitative study with a cross-sectional design. The sample consisted of mothers and babies born in a maternity at usual risk. In the first 48 hours after delivery, data were collected from the medical records, the pregnant woman’s card and the interviews with the postpartum woman. Data collection was constituted by means of an evaluation instrument, in which they were divided into block: pregnancy, mother and child. A total of 184 mothers and newborns were evaluated, the mean pre-gestational weight was 60.96±11.57 kg, and the mean gestational weight gain was 13±5.18 kg, with a high frequency of inadequacies. It is noteworthy that the puerperal women with high school and from economic classes D-E, who presented insufficient or higher weight gain than recommended and had newborns classified below or above the recommended for gestational age. Thus, the monitoring of gestational weight gain is fundamental, as they can when associated with schooling and economic classification can interfere in the nutritional status of newborns.

25-35

Authors: Ana Carolina Soares Rosa, Jéssica Ribeiro Roque, Danielle Raquel Gonçalves

The presented work aimed to assess the nutritional status and food consumption of institutionalized elderly people, verifying possible relationships between them. A cross-sectional descriptive study with a quantitative approach was used, involving 48 elderly people. Weight (P), height (A), body mass index (BMI), arm circumferences (AC), calf (CC) and waist (WC), triceps skinfold (TSF), and arm muscle circumference were evaluated (AMC). The three-day 24h food record (R24h) was used to analyze food consumption and was applied to the institution’s caregivers. Spearman’s correlation was utilized to verify the relationship between anthropometry and food consumption. From this survey, it was found that the majority of the elderly were overweight and experienced abdominal adiposity according to BMI and WC, but presented malnutrition according to the assessment of AC and AMC. CC indicated depletion of muscle mass among women, and TSF indicated obesity only among men. The consumption of fibers, calcium, vitamins D and E was insufficient, while saturated fat, iron and proteins (g/kg) were above the recommendation in both sexes. There was a weak correlation between anthropometric variables and total calories, macronutrients and fibers. Thus, it was possible to confirm the nutritional status of institutionalized elderly, characterized by excess weight coexisting with muscle loss, and it is concluded that this is related to the distribution of macronutrients, especially with regard to the percentage of lipids and carbohydrates. This condition is suggested to be impaired by the sedentary lifestyle of the elderly, since the increased protein consumption did not prevent the loss of muscle mass.

47-53

Authors: Emili Paixão Trenhago, Luana Fioravanti Roland, Mariane Rosa, Loiva Beatriz Dallepiane

Hemodialysis patients elderly are subject to dietary changes anthropometric and biochemical that are caused by their own kidney disease, hemodialysis treatment and the aging process. The objective of this study was to evaluate the relationship of nutritional parameters between elderly men and women undergoing hemodialysis. In a cross-sectional study conducted in Santa Maria-RS, were considered eligible for the search elderly over 60 years of both sexes, diagnosed with chronic kidney disease who underwent hemodialysis three times a week and in treatment for at least three months. As nutritional parameters were considered anthropometric, dietary data and biochemical tests. For the comparison between male and female, the parametric variables we used the Test t de Student bicaudal for independent samples. The results indicate relationship between body mass index and sex, kilocalories, protein, carbohydrate, phosphorus, potassium, sodium and vitamin D. It was possible to conclude that the findings of this study reinforce the importance of nutritional assessment in the context of the treatment of chronic kidney in hemodialysis, aiming at a good adherence to the diet and adaptation to dialysis.

62-67

Authors: Karen Thayane de Oliveira Coqueiro, Renata Junqueira Pereira

Pregnancy is associated with a decline in iodine in the maternal body, which can lead to hypothyroidism in iodine deficient areas. For this reason, an adequate intake of this nutrient during pregnancy is essential. Insufficient maternal iodine intake negatively affects the health of the fetus and newborn, with consequences that will last a lifetime. This review aimed to describe the importance of iodine for the gestational period and the effects related to its deficiency in the mother-child binomial. Iodine is known to be essential for fetal brain development in stages such as neurogenesis, neuronal and glial cell differentiation, myelination, migration and synaptogenesis. An integrative literature review was performed, searching the main health databases Medline (National Library of Medicine, United States), via PubMed, Lilacs (Latin American and Caribbean Health Sciences Literature), SciELO (Scientific Electronic Library) Online), of works published between 2009 and 2020, in the languages: Portuguese, English and Spanish. Future studies on the role of iodine deficiency in maternal and fetal health are still needed to clarify how iodine impacts gestational and perinatal outcomes and the possibilities for intervention to prevent or minimize the undesirable effects of iodine deficiency.

80-89

Authors: Karine Oltramari, Laís dos Santos, Juliana Rodrigues Dias Guedes, Alice Freitas da Silva, Carolina Sette Barbosa Damasceno, Liziane Mery Laufer Rodrigues, Maria Rosi Marques Galvão

This study aimed to describe the strategies used to provide school feeding in Curitiba, Parana, Brazil, in the context of facing the new coronavirus pandemic in 2020. This action was primarily based on the Human Right to Adequate Food and the exceptional authorization of food distribution to public school students throughout the country, by the National School Feeding Program (Programa Nacional de Alimentação Escolar – PNAE). The action plan was to deliver the feeding kits, whose composition met the current standards and specifications of the Food Guide for the Brazilian Population, prioritizing natural and minimally processed foods. The distribution of food purchased from family farming and the adaptation of some foods in the kit to meet the special food needs were contemplated. In May and June, respectively, 131,703 and 132,562 students were attended covering public municipal schools, municipal daycare centers, and contracted daycare centers. In summary, this action reached the program universality and the assurance of food and nutritional security to the attended students during the pandemic period.

99-109

Authors: Maria Auxiliadora Resende Sampaio, Karine da Silva Oliveira, Juliane Braga da Silva, Cirliane de Araújo Morais, Stela Lopes Soares, Lidia Andrade Lourinho

Non-communicable Chronic Diseases account for about 63% of all deaths worldwide, while in Brazil they account for 72.4% of mortality. Thus, in order to reverse this scenario, it is essential to carry out not only the diagnosis of chronic underlying conditions, but also their adequate management and especially the early identification of kidney injury, in addition to the development of health prevention and promotion actions such as the screening of new cases of Chronic Kidney Disease in communities. The present study aimed to develop permanent education actions for health professionals with a focus on the early identification of renal illness in a Family Health Center in the city of Sobral/CE. A qualitative intervention research was conducted in December 2019 at a Family Health Center. Twenty-four professionals participated in the intervention and through the methodological tool of arco de Maguerez, the participants judged as applicable and easy to perform most of the attributions and guidelines that guide the care of people with Chronic Kidney Disease. Contemplative actions were elaborated to five strategies with the purpose of monitoring patients with risk factors for Chronic Kidney Disease: The performance of educational activities to the population; EPS for professionals; risk stratification for Systemic Arterial Hypertension, Diabetes Mellitus and Chronic Kidney Disease; multidisciplinary care and improved communication with health care networks. It is imperative to continue similar studies that use Permanent Health Education to discuss Chronic Kidney Disease in the context of Primary Care.

121-133

Authors: Jéssica Tainara de Macedo Maia, Odair José Mendes Souza Júnior, Edilson Coelho Sampaio

It is noticed that in Graduation there are major changes, marked by individual and collective experiences, which imply greater accountability, sociability, adequacy of standards, methodologies, groups and unknown people, these aspects can become stressful and sickening factors. The primary objective was to analyze the influence of the academic environment on mental health and its reflexes on the occupational performance of the Occupational Therapy students at the University of the Amazon and the secondary objective was to develop a guidance manual to assist Occupational Therapy students and other students of courses and distinct universities in the search for psycho-emotional support in the Network and in the services offered at Universities. The research was of the qualitative type, of case studies, through the open and structured interview, developed by the researchers, called “The academic environment and Mental Health of the students”, which contains initial data, self-assessment of the mental state, institutional evaluation and four questions subjective. Participants were 4 students of Occupational Therapy at Unama, through non-probability sampling for convenience. The responses point to a greater compromise in the performance of the Rest and Sleep occupation. Listing the main causes: difficulty managing time, frequent anxiety, not being able to relax at night, constant thinking about the activities that will be carried out the next day. The primary and secondary objective was achieved, so that it was found that in the academic environment there are stressors and that these impact the students’ Occupational Performance, mainly in rest and sleep. At the end of the research it was possible to develop a booklet aimed at promoting the mental health of academics.

144-157

Authors: Sandra Dal Pai, Tassiane Langerdorf, Daiane Fernanda Brigo Alves, Karina Andressa Cavalheiro Zimmermann, Pâmella Pluta, Evelise Moraes Berlezi, Adriane Cristina Bernat Kolankiewicz

The objective of this stydy is to identify the factors that interfere in the culture of patient safety in primary health care. Integrative review was performed in the Lilacs, PubMed, WoS and Scopus databases in may 2019. The level of evidence classification was used to perform a critical evaluation of the primary studies. There were 26 scientific productions. The factors that interfere in the culture of patient safety in primary health care are conditions related to permanent education, communication, working conditions and leadership. The scientific evidence shows that some factors interfere positively, others negatively affect the culture of patient safety in primary health care and should be used in order to effect health actions for users.

170-177

Authors: Carolina Pratas, Patrícia Coelho, José Aguila

Introduction: Cardiac rehabilitation programs aim to improve exercise tolerance and increase the functional capacity of patients with cardiac disease, as well as to educate and accompany them in the control of their cardiovascular risk factors. Objective: To understand the benefits of a cardiac rehabilitation program in patients who have suffered acute myocardial infarction. Methods: The data were collected through the consultation of the clinical processes of individuals who had acute myocardial infarction between 2015 and 2016, which made a total of 20 individuals, including 18 males aged 46 to 83 years and 2 of the genus female, 61 and 63 years respectively. Data were also collected regarding heart rate, systolic and diastolic blood pressure, oxygen saturation and workload before and after integration into the rehabilitation program. Results: Of the 20 individuals evaluated, there was a statistically significant improvement between the two moments of evaluation in the body mass index with a mean decrease of 1.73 kg / m2 (p = 0.023), a mean decrease of 4, 64 cm in the abdominal perimeter (p <0.001) and an increase of 29 W in the workload (p <0.001). Although no statistically significant relationship was found in the remaining variables, the data obtained demonstrate that there is an improvement in the mean values studied between the two moments studied. Discusion/Conclusions: It is verified that individuals with acute myocardial infarction when integrating a cardiac rehabilitation program have additional and independent benefits of pharmacological treatment.