Acta Biomedica Brasiliensia

1 - 14

Authors: Afonso Ferreira da Silva & Denise Aparecida da Silva

A research was carried out in a commercial drugstore located in the municipality of Itaocara, State of Rio de Janeiro in the period of January to June 2011. The objective of the research was to determine what are the nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) more dispensed and the main associations. The results revealed a total of 14,072 NSAID dispensated with higher dispensation in June with a total of 2885 dispensations (20.50%), being February the month with the lowest rate of dispensations, the total of 1,766 (12.55%). A total of 6359 formulations (45.19%) contained only one active ingredient while 7713 formulations (54.81%) had two or more associated active ingredients. Among the individual formulations, the three most dispensed were dipyrone with a total of 45.90% of sales, then mefenamic acid (20.96%) and acetaminophen (11.23%). Among the associated formulations, 7713 in total, the three most dispensed included dipyrone + scopolamine (26.25%), followed by dipyrone + caffeine + isometrepteno mucate (21.76%) and dipyrone + caffeine + orphenadrine (17,75%). The active ingredient that was more present in associations was caffeine, dipyrone and paracetamol, respectively. According to the methodology used is concluded that NSAIDs are drugs with high dispensing in drugstores, being higher in the May and June months; dipyrone is the most dispensed, mainly in the associated form, followed by mefenamic acid and the paracetamol. Self-medication is often related to the use of such drugs.

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Authors: Pâmela Poubel Faria, Cristiano Guilherme Alves de Oliveira, Álvaro Dutra Souza, Mariana Giarola Benedito & Marcos Paulo Machado Thomé

The indiscriminate use of anabolic steroids among bodybuilders has become a public health problem (IRIART et al, 2009). The adverse effects caused by this practice affect the various body organs, especially the liver and kidneys. But the survey of users of anabolic steroids is difficult because these do not take the use. Therefore, for this research, we used 20 rats Wistar, females, were treated with increasing doses of nandrolone decanoate for four consecutive weeks. The aim was to evaluate the physical and biological parameters after administration of different dosages of steroids in animals. The results showed that significant change in the average weight and hematocrit of the animals, confirming the anabolic effect of this steroid. It was found that the dosage 2.5mg/200g causes the maximum increase in hematocrit, while 2.0mg/200g causes the maximum increase in weight, and higher doses begin to show toxic effects. Regarding liver enzymes AST and ALT measured, there was no statistical difference between groups. It is concluded that sub-chronic administration of nandrolone decanoate caused weight gain and hematocrit due to its anabolic effects, and did not cause liver damage the biochemical point of view.

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Authors: Guilherme Gomide Cabral, Leticia Mattar Monice, Lorena Rocha Dias Machado, Luana Modesto Lopes Caldeira, Lucas Roquim e Silva & Hudson de Araújo Couto

Physical activities are important to any individual’s health, but, when held in inappropriate conditions, based on very violent exercises, rhabdomyolysis can occur, being one of its consequences, acute renal failure (ARF). Two main factors that predispose to ARF by rhabdomyolysis are: hypovolemia secondary to volume’s sequestration of affected muscles and presence of acidic urine. Rhabdomyolysis is characterized by striated skeletal muscle’s injury and, as a consequence of damage to the muscle’s cell membrane, there is a release of intracellular constituents, including enzyme creatine kinase (CK). This enzyme, therefore, is used as a physiological indicator of muscle’s stress.