International Journal of Ayurveda and Pharmaceutical Chemistry

5

Authors: Tripti Lokesh and Amarnath Shukla

Hridyastambhata (tightness in chest), Shiroshool (headache), Shirogauravta(heaviness in head) and Pinasa with Udgarasanga(belch not able to come out) are all caused due to Aam Dosha (improper formed end products of digestion) producing Anaha(Flatus). Acharaya Charaka has given its treatment as Vamana (emesis), Langhana (modes of producing lightness in body) and Pachana (Digestive drugs). A patient aged 45 yrs. with chief complaint of headache was given treatment of Anaha with complete Deepan Pachana and Langhana followed by Snehpana for 5 days as per Samayak Sudhi Lakshana (proper signs and symptoms of internal oleation). Then his Vamana Karma was done with Samsarjana Krama (post-operative diet) of Pravara Sudhi (maximum cleansing). Patient reported free of his ailment even after one month.

6

Authors: Madhavi Abasaheb Howal and E.E.Mojes

Agni (Digestive fire),Prakruti (Constitution),Dhatusarata(Tissue Excellence),Dosha (BioEnergies) are the unique concept of Ayurveda & are extremely important in the Diagnosis, Treatment and hence in maintaining the health of an individual. The food consumed by the mouth undergoes the process of Digestion in order to achieve the nature of “Sharirbhava swarup.” The process of Digestion takes place in various stages and during every stage; there are changes in the composition of Aahar dravyas under the influence of the jatharagni which participate & regulate the course of Digestion and metabolism. These changes refer the Avasthapaka & vipaka. Kapha pitta and vata at three different levels of mahasrotas are enriched and supported by Madhur, Amla and Katu Avasthapaka respectively. After the Madhura Avasthapaka is completed ,the semidigested food descends to Pachyamanashaya & due to its admixture with amlabhava’s it becomes vidagdha and attains the acid taste. Pitta which is originally situated at this site get’s nourishment & support from this avasthapaka.

6

Authors: Rupali D. Popeta, Avinash T. Gatade, Azmina A.K. Masurkar and Ganesh A. Thakur

Medicinal plants have been used both in the prevention and cure of various diseases since ancient times. Sterculia foetida Linn. is a medicinal plant used traditionally as herbal remedy for alleviating pain and for treating various skin diseases and disorders. The seeds of Sterculia foetida Linn have been reported to have analgesic and anti-inflammatory activity. The present study intended to evaluate analgesic activity of ethanolic extract of Sterculia foetida Linn. flowers. The qualitative phytochemical analysis of flower extracts in ethyl acetate and ethanol revealed the presence of flavonoids, saponins and carbohydrates. Analgesic activity of Sterculia foetida Linn flowers was evaluated using the Hot plate method at three dose levels (100, 300 and 500 mg/kg). Analgesic activity was found to be significant at 500mg/kg when compared with control. Considering the findings of this study Sterculia foetida Linn. flowers can be considered as a potential source of pain relieving herbal drugs.

7

Authors: Pradipkumar R Suryawanshi, Sandipkumar R Suryawanshi, Shweta S Suryawanshi, Vijay Patha, and Rucha M Shinde

Medical care is vital for our life and health, but the waste generated from medical activities represents a real problem of living nature and human world. Improper management of waste generated in health care facilities causes a direct health impact on the community, the health care workers and on the environment. Every day, relatively large amount of potentially infectious and hazardous waste are generated in the health care hospitals and facilities around the world. This research article is to survey the practice of biomedical waste such as collection, storage, transportation and disposal along with the amount of generated biomedical waste in various hospitals in Dhule city, and create awareness among the staff and patient about biomedical wastes. The survey result on biomedical waste generation, disposal and methods adopted in various hospitals of Dhule city are discussed.

8

Authors: Snehalata Pradhan

Shatapushpa ( Anethum sowa) is one of the important medicinal plant having many therapeutic uses. Acharya Kashyapa had described it as nectar for women having gyeanaecological disorders. He also had described its many other medicinal effects in a separate chapter called “Shatapushpa Shatavari Kalpadhyaya” in his text “Kashyapa Samhita”. According to him Shatapushpa is sweet, anabolic, strength providing, promoter of nutrition, complexion & increases digestive fire. It is initiator of rtu (menstruation). It purifies yoni (female reproductive organ ) and Shukra ( sperm & spermatic fluid ). Without any laboratory investigations Acharya Kashyapa described many of its therapeutic effects very scientifically. Various research studies at present reveal many major chemical constituents present in this wonder drug, such as limonene, grandisol, benzene dicarboxylic acid, carvone, Beta –phelladone and many more. These constituents are clinically proved to be having many therapeutic effects like anti-bacterial, anti-septic, anti-spasmodic etc.

8

Authors: Udaya Ganesha and Gunvant Hari Yeola

Panchakarma (penta bio purification) is an added advantage of the Ayurvedic system of medicine. Specific diet and regimen is mentioned before, during and after the course of specific panchakarma (penta bio purification). Those specific diet patterns should be followed in a sequential manner, starting from light liquid diet to heavy diet to bring the digestive fire to normalcy. These diet and regimen; if not strictly followed, will have an adverse reaction on the body. Hence specific diet pattern and strict regimen is highly essential to maintain the homeostasis of the bodily constituents.

9

Authors: Tripti Lokesh and Amarnath Shukla

Hypertension is becoming common ailment nowadays. Hypertensive patients are becoming dependent upon anti-hypertensive drugs. But these drugs are controlling blood pressure not uprooting it. In Ayurveda hypertension can be correlated with vitiated Vata Dosha along with Pita Dosha or Kapha Dosha. Dhatu affected may be Rasa, Rakta or Meda Dhatu. Vata can be considered as basic Dosha in hypertension. A case study was done on hypertensive patient to assess role of Abhyangam of Prapaundrikadi Tailam to cure hypertension. Prapaundrikadi Tailam was chosen as it can control both Vata-Pita. Patient was having hypertension for nearly five years. He was given Abhyangam of whole body for one month during evening time. It resulted into controlled heart rate, blood pressure and sound sleep.

9

Authors: Kanika Gogoi

In Sanskrit,maxim is recognised under the term Nyaya i.e., inferences from familiar instances. It is basically seen by general public as a logical proposition. Nyaya emasculates a host of classical Sanskrit ideologies in a greater detail. In Ayurveda, Nyayas are used to explore the hidden meaning of the main verse of Caraka with proper enlightment.Cakrapani, the commentator of Carakasamhita used various nyayas to understand Samhita in a better way.

10

Authors: Rashi Sharma and Kavita Indapurkar

Ayurvedic treatment focusses on treating a diseased person and also maintaining the health of normal individuals. In Ayurveda,diseases are defined as there which on conjunction cause pain. They are located in mind and body. Rajas and Tamas are considered as the two doshas of the manas (mind). The balance of tamas and rajas are disturbed by stress condition, desires and negative thoughts. To maintain a healthy body and mind, one should try to balance the three gunas. Stress is a state of tension that is created when a person responds to the demands and pressures that come from work, family and other external sources, as well as those that are internally generated from self-imposed demands, obligations and self-criticism. The Gayatri mantra chanting is a form of meditation to protect one from all human sins, physical dissipation and to bestow knowledge, health and longevity.

10

Authors: Poonam

Polycystic Ovarian disease is a serious problem which today 10% women of the society are facing. It has significant and diverse clinical implications including reproductive (infertility,hyperandrogenism, hirsutism), metabolic (insulin resistance, impaired glucose tolerance, type 2 diabetes mellitus, adverse cardiovascular risk profiles) and psychological features (increased anxiety, depression etc.).Importantly, PCOS has unique interactions with the ever increasing obesity prevalence further obesity-induced insulin resistance significantly exacerbates all the features of PCOS. It has also clinical implications across the lifespan and is relevant to related family members with an increased risk for metabolicconditions reported in first-degree relatives from mother to baby.Management should focus on support, education, addressing psychological factors and strongly emphasising healthy lifestyle with targeted medical therapy as required. Monitoring and management of long-term metabolic complications is also an important part of routine clinical care.

11

Authors: Pradip Kinage and Deepika Chaudhari

Worldwide, every year approximately eight million women suffer from pregnancy related complications and over half million of them die as a result. Pregnancy and childbirth are one of the most critical events in a woman's life cycle that needs special attention as fetal outcome depends upon maternal health. In Ayurveda special importance is given to pregnant lady and it is said that pregnant women is like with oil filled vessel, which can be split by minute displacement. Various Acharya have described care of pregnant lady through Garbhini Paricharya. It includes all aspects of care of pregnant lady like Ahar (diet), Vihar (exercise), Pathya (do’s), Apathya (don’ts), Yoga and Meditation etc. During pregnancy there are progressive changes in all systems of body due to maternal adaptation to increasing demand of growing fetus. This additional demand has to be fulfilled by giving her proper diet. In Ayurveda Monthly Regimen and Pathya for pregnant woman is described in details in Bruhatrayee. Main purpose of this review is to describe these measures in scientific way.

12

Authors: Pooja Badani, Hitesh Vyas, Harisha CR, and VJ Shukla

Tinosporacordifolia (willd) Miers. belongs to the family-Menispermacae commonly known as Guduchi, Chakralakshanika or Amruta is important drug of Indian medicine. It is perennial climber found throughout tropical India, used in form of Swarasa, decoction, Vati, Sattva etc. The Guduchi is useful in fever, diabetes, dyspepsia, skin disease, jaundice, heart disease, urinary problem, helmenthiasis and gout in different form like powder , ghanavati etc. Potency and action of single drug are changed in different conditions and states. In the present study Guduchi is evaluated pharmacognostically in three forms to study the action of Sanskara i.e., fresh, dried powder and Ghanavati. Results show that the cellular constituents are normal in fresh condition but after Sanskara disturbed walls of cork cells, wide lumened fibres, disturbed walls of collenchymas cells etc. are observed.

13

Authors: Brijkishor Soni

Ayurveda is one of the most ancient and elaborate medical science possessing rich heritages of practical knowledge. Sharir Rachna is described in our classics covering different aspects like structures, location, composition and their numbers, macroscopic and microscopic details. Detailed knowledge of sharir Rachna is must for every physician for being skilled in medical practice. Facts described in our Samhitas are true & authentic but some of the facts are described very briefly. Jala is one those topics which needs to be elaborated. To reveal facts about Jala, this study is undertaken. Jala means a network like structure. There are four type of Jala i.e., Mansa Jala, Sira Jala. Snayu Jala and Asthi Jala. Each are four in number and total 16 Jala in human body are said to be situated in Manibandha and Gulpha. Wrist and Ankle region has similarity with Manibandha and Gulpha. Many Muscle, Tendons, Artery, Vein, Nerves, Fascia, Ligament and Bones are compactly arranged at Wrist and Ankle. All these structures can be included separately under the heading Muscular network, Neurovascular network, Ligamentous network and Bony network. Numerous structures are compactly arranged such that they are interwoven but well demarcated too. Every specialized function needs anatomical specialty and every anatomical specialty results into some different physiological outcome. Here Jala provides a complex configuration to Manibandha and Gulpha. This complexity is basis for many physiological attributes like stability, strength, higher degree of controlled movements and its vulnerability to injury. Jala makesManibandha and Gulpha an anatomically potent structure.

22

Authors: Mahesh Vitthal Rathod and Seema Vitthal Rathod

Non-communicable diseases like cancer are responsible for major social and health burden as millions of people are dying every year. Out of which, Leukemia is the leading cause of deaths worldwide. The ionizing radiation, chemotherapeutic agent and certain chemicals exposure are the risk factor for leukemia. Both genetic and environmental components are associated with the development of leukemia cells. Immune and inflammatory mediators have a complex role in the initiation and progression of leukemia. Understanding of all these processes will help to invent a range of new biomarkers and novel treatment modalities targeting various cellular events in acute and chronic inflammation that are accountable for leukemia. Several biochemical pathways, receptors and enzymes are involved in the development of leukemia that would be possible targets for improving strategies for disease diagnosis and management. However, the novel drug target like tyrosine kinase inhibitors, mcl-1inhibitor, jak-stat inhibitor, mTOR inhibitors, and mitogen-activated protein kinase (MEK) inhibitors, Heat shock protein inhibitors are more powerful to control the process of leukemia. Therefore, the review briefly focuses on different novel targets that act at starting stage in the formation of leukemia.

5

Authors: Vijay Ganpatrao Bodkhe

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effect of Malatyadi Tailam and Til Tailam in the treatment of Khalitya. The other objectives were to study the overall benefits of Malatyati Tailam in hair fall, scalp itching, boils, dryness of hair, fine flakes, dandruff, and hair texture. Methodology: Forty patients aged between 18 to 40 years fulfilling the clinical criteria for the diagnosis of Khalitya were selected randomly from O. P. D. and I.P.D section of P.P.J.G.M. Ayurved Hospital Boradi Dist. Dhule. The independent and dependent variables causing Khalitya were identified. The structured questionnaires were given to patients at day 1, 15 and at one month to know the effect of Malatyadi Tailam for the sign and symptoms of hair fall, scalp itching, boils, dryness of hair, fine flakes, dandruff, and hair texture. Follow-up visit was performed at day 45. Results: Four patients from the Malatyadi Tailam group had complete relief in sign and symptoms; however no patients from the Til Tailam group had complete relief after one month of treatment. No recurrence of signs and symptoms were observed in Malatyadi Tailam group whereas from the Til Tailam group of 20 patients itching and fine flakes noted as recurrent sign and symptoms in nine patients. Thirteen patients from the Malatyadi group have at least one score improvement compared to baseline, however only seven patients have at least one score improvement from the Til Tailam group. Three patients had no signs of improvement after treatment with Malatyadi Tailam. Overall, the effect of Malatyadi Tailam was significant compared to Til Tailam in patients with Khalitya and use of Malatyadi Tailam was safe and well tolerated

5

Authors: Shaina Sharma and Vasantha Kalyani

Zika Virus is the new threat to the human beings which gets transmitted from the infected mosquitoes. It can cause mild fever, skin rashes, conjunctivitis, muscle pain, joint pain and headaches. Diagnosis is done with the help of lab tests to find out the presence of Zika virus in blood or the body fluids. Till date no vaccine is available to cure the disease but one should focus on the preventive measures to protect himself/herself from Zika virus infection.

5

Authors: Nilesh B Italiya, Manish V Patel, S N Gupta and Tapankumar M

A 35 years old male patient came to P D Patel Ayurveda Hospital, Nadiad with the complaints of periorbital puffiness on face, pedal edema, weakness, anorexia and massive proteinuria since last 45 days. He was treated with Āyurvedic drugs as an outdoor patient for 6 months period. Āyurvedic preparations like Varuṇādi kvātha, Haritkyādi kvātha, Gokṣurādi guggulu, and Tablet Uricare, Bhūmyāmalakicurṇa and Rasāyana cūrṇa were given. After 6 months of treatment patient responded very well through Āyurvedic management without need of hospitalization, human albumin infusion and cortico-steroid medicaments. All of his complaints like, pedal edema, weakness, lack of appetite and puffiness of the face disappeared.

6

Authors: Somil Dubey and G. Rama Mohan Rao

Dhatura (Dhaturametel) is a well-known drug for curing pain related with swelling of body parts. Rasatarangni has mentioned its external application in various forms for Vatavikaras, so as Bhavaprakasha1 in vatavyadhi. A snehapakakalpana is mentioned in Rasatarnagni with leaves of Dhatura(Dhaturametel) and katutaila(mustard oil) for Mamsagatavata(muscular dystrophy) as external application2 . Snehapāka was subjected according to the general rule of snehakalpanai.e in ratio of 1 part Kalka (fine paste of Dhaturametel leaves), 4 parts of Katutaila(Mustard oil) and 16 parts of water to that of kalka3 . It was to heat until the taila siddha laksanaswere obtained. After preparation of oil it was subjected for organolepticanalysis as mentioned in API Part II protocols. The results obtained were ash value .03%, loss of drying at 105°C w/w .02%, refractive index at 40°C 1.4665, acid value 1.81, saponification value 170.15, iodine value 104.66, and volatile matter 5.24% w/w as per API- II protocols.

6

Authors: Udaya Ganesha B and Bhgyashree.N

Abhyanga is one of the poorvakarma of panchakarma. Abhyanga is not merely a body massage but it has strong systemic action too. It plays major role in bringing the morbid materials from tissues to gastro intestinal tract thereby aids in panchakarma to eliminate it out of the body through shodhana (purificatory measures). Thus abhyanga is part and parcel of penta bio purification.

6

Authors: Radhika Pachouri, Ankur Dixit and Vidyanath R

Urticaria also referred as ‘hives’ is fairly common condition characterized by transient swelling of the skin associated with itching and burning sensation. Urticaria has multifactorial aetiology including allergy (for food, drug etc.), worm infestation, auto immune pathology. In avyurvedashitapitta having the same symptoms can be correlated to urticaria. This is caused by the contact of cold air. This work is an approach to pacify the symptoms and the undergoing pathology with some ayurvedic recipes w. s. r. to Trachyspermumammi (ajowain) also known as bishop’s weed.

7

Authors: Rakhee Panda

The present modern era has brought about a dramatic change in the life style of people leading to a more sedentry habit with unhygienic food intake. These changes in the human life have led to the emergence of various chronic co-morbid diseases like obesity, obstructive sleep apnea and cardiac problems. Obstructive sleep apnea is a chronic condition characterized by frequent episodes of upper airway collapse during sleep. Its effect on nocturnal sleep quality and ensuing daytime fatigue and sleepiness are widely acknowledged. Increasingly, obstructive sleep apnea is also being recognized as an independent risk factor for several clinical consequences, including systemic hypertension, cardiovascular disease, stroke, and abnormal glucose metabolism. Therefore a concerted effort by health care professional across specialties is needed to identify this health problem and treat it at an early stage. In ayurveda ahara(diet), Nidra(Sleep), Bramhacharya (celibecy) are considered as sub pillar of life. As treatment includes a change in life style and food habit of the individual, an holistic Ayurvedic approach has a better answer for this chronic problem than the modern treatment modalities.

7

Authors: Hetal D. Vyas, Haresh B. Ruparelia and Gurdip Singh

Sandhivata (Osteoarthritis) is a degenerative disease and mainly occurs in old age. Acharya charka had mentioned that this disease is created by DhatuKshaya and Margavarodha. The man has paid price for standing on his limbs in the form of osteo-arthritis of weight bearing joint of the body. The animals are not suffering from this disease commonly as man. In modern medicine, it is reported that these degenerative changes in joints arise from the age of 30 years till the age of 65 years. Eighty percent of thepeople have radiographic evidence of osteo-arthritis and only 25% may have symptoms. In the present study total 20 patients were registered for Sandhivata and treated with Shallaki and Nirgundi Patra Pinda Sveda. Highly significant relief was found in the joint pain, morning stiffness, crepitus, prasaranapravriti and shramaasahyata. Therefore it is concluded that these both therapies are useful in (O.A) due to its, vedanasthapana, Sothahara, deepana, Pachana, grahi and vatahara effect.

8

Authors: Vishakha Rajesh Wetal and Rajendra Huprikar

Background - Amavata is madhyammargashrit (pertaining to bones, joints and vital point) disease. Aggravated Vata and Ama are the core factors taking part in the pathogenesis of Amavata. Basti (therapeutic medicated enema) is important treatment for Vatadosha and Vaitarana Basti (VB) is indicated in Amavata. Thus it was chosen for the study. In this study, a total 21 patients of Amavata were registered and all patients completed the treatment. Method - As Vaitarana is a Kshar-basti, Basti treatment was started first with Matrabasti(oil enema of 60ml dose) of sesame oil to gain pakvashayasnigdhata (oleation of bowels). After that one MatraBasti was followed after every two VB. Total seven Bastis were given to every patient. Basti was instilled as explained in texts (pre Basti management, Basti procedure, postBasti management). Results–Pain assessment was done with Oxford Pain Chart and results were analyzed statistically, using students‘t’ test. Calculated p-value was p<0.001. Hence VB provided significant pain relief in Amavata. It was observed that there was 50% relief in bodyache and all other symptoms of Amavata on fourth day of VB while up to seventh day total relief was obtained for these symptoms. Total recovery was achieved in 38.1% patients followed by good relief in 57.14% patients. Conclusion–VB proved highly significant in Amavata.

8

Authors: Neelam Choudhary

Rasashastra is most important and popular branch of Ayurveda related to Herbo-mineral (Rasaushadhis) preparation techniques with their therapeutic uses. Gandhak (Sulphur) is most important drug in Rasashastra , used largely to prepare kajjali, many bhasma, Kupipakwa, Pottalli, Parpati kalpa which are most selling drugs and effective within smallest dose of 125- 250 mg. Ashodhit Gandhak contains impurities and causes disorders in body, Gandhak should be used in Shodhit form. It indicates that requirement of Shodhit Gandhak is of large quantity, so if we can lower the production cost of Shodhit Gandhak then above preparations will be affordable to large populations. Among the Rasashastra classical texts, Ayurved Prakash and Rasayansar have mentioned different quantities of Goghrita for Gandhak Shodhan using same Dhalan method. Change in materials quantity during Shodhan process may affect whole process and structural changes in drug. In the present study, Gandhak Shodhan has been done according to Ayurved Prakash and organoleptic and physico-chemical properties of Ashodhit and Shodhit Gandhak have been compared

9

Authors: Priyanka Rai

Whole world is witnessing a spurt in lifestyle diseases which can be mainly attributed to rapid industrialization and urbanization. The change in lifestyle has led to an unprecedented rise in the disorders of gastrointestinal system. Disease and sufferings have become fundamental attributes of human condition. Amlapitta is a disease attributed to faulty dietary habits as well as to stress and strain of life. “Hurry, Worry and Curry” are the main attributes of Amlapitta. Though in modern medicine, plenty of new drugs are available to manage non-ulcer dyspepsia but all the drugs provide only symptomatic relief and none of them possess curative potentials. As these drugs are required to be consumed for a longer duration, so a lot of untoward effects are also inevitable. Hence in order to overcome these issues present study was planned to explore the efficacy of two very simple, safe and cost-effective drugs, i.e., Bhunimbadi Ghan Vati and Shatavari Ghrita in the management of Amlapitta. In present clinical study, Shatavari Ghrita and Bhunimbadi Ghan Vati were given in patients of Amlapitta in one group and its effects were compared with a standard H2 blocker drug i.e., Ranitidine in other group. The effects of therapy in these two groups were then evaluated and compared.

9

Authors: Nagarathna P.K.M, Prabhat Pal, K. Meghana and Dipendra kumar Sah

Objective: The aim of this study was to investigate the anti-tumour effect of the methanolic extract of the leaves of Vitexleucoxylon Linn (Verbenaceae). Methods:The study sampled 30 mice, divided into 5 groups (6 in each). Ascites tumour was developed by administering Ehrlich ascites cells (0.1ml/10gm body wt of mouse,i.p) from 1x106 cells. The mice were treated with steroid of Vitexleucoxylon and 5-flurouracil which serves as standard. The several changes of anti-tumour potential of steroidal extract of Vitexleucoxylon were accessed. Results: Steroid of leaves of Vitexleucoxylon treated group showed significant decrease in total number of cells, percentage viability and tumour volume of Ehrlich Ascites Carcinoma in mice. Conclusions: From results, it was concluded that steroid of leaves of Vitex leucoxylon showed anti-tumour activity.

9

Authors: Oyin Pertin, Kanika Goswami and Swapan Kr. Chakraborty

Ayurveda is a science of life. Ayurveda states that Arogya (good health) stands at the root for attainment of Dharma (virtuous acts), Artha (wealth), Kama (gratification of desire) and Moksha (salvation). In varsha ritu (monsoon), the people are susceptible to diseases owning to their decrease immunity, dehabala (body strength) and agnibala (digestion strength).With an aim to keep people healthy in this season, Ayurveda has mentioned the concept of varsharitucharya.

9

Authors: Mrudula Joshi and Ashwini Patil

Ayurveda is the science of life. The ultimate goal of Ayurveda is maintenance of health, prevention of disease and subsequent cure of the diseases. In this regard Dincharya, ritucharya and sadvrutta plays an important role for the prevention of diseases. The classics have explained these conducts thousands of years before. According to Ayurveda to maintain a healthy and disease free life one should follow a daily routine or schedule. Dincharya is one of the best things that one can do to prevent disease, stay in balance and treat almost every illness. Many conducts are depicted in Ayurveda classics for the same to be followed daily under the caption Dincharya. If Dincharya is to be incorporated today, there should be amendments in the procedures without agitating the basic principles. But fundamental procedures should be practiced as mentioned in the text. A small activity done regularly is always more beneficial than a great activity done irregularly. To evaluate the role of Dincharya in improvement of health and prevention of diseases was the aim of present research project. At the end of this pilot work it is observed that Dincharya improves our sharir-indriya-manas bala (strength) and Vyadhikshamatva(Immunity) ,which helps us to keep away from vyadhi.

11

Authors: Hriday Pathak, S.K.Chakravarty and Kanika Goswami

The skin is the largest protective organ of the body between the external environment and internal environment of the body. It has several layers and appendages. The diseases which manifest on the skin is called skin disorders. In Ayurveda the skin disorders are described under the heading of kustharoga .Kustharoga is mainly two types-kshudrakustha and mahakustha. Khudrakusthais 11 types and Mahakustha is 7 types. But all these types of kustha do not include all the skin diseases. So the remaining skin disorders are collectively included under the heading of kshudraroga. The kshudrarogas include maximum common skin disorsers of skin and skin appendages of human. Description of Kshudraroga was found in different ancient book. But the number, name and description vary according to author. Here number, name and brief identity of the khudrarogas are described according to different author.

11

Authors: Sakhitha K. S and K. Shankar Rao

Safety and efficacy of Rasa medicines has been a topic of discussion since a long time. Issues are also raised regarding the heavy metal contents in rasa preparations. No doubt, preparation of rasa medicines by stringently adhering to our classical methods has always resulted in quality products. Bhasma preparations are one of the unique dosage forms where metals and minerals are converted in to safe and effective remedies through a series of pharmaceutical processing methods envisaged by the ancient Acharyas. They had their own parameters which guaranteed quality, safety and efficacy of prepared Bhasma. Though these methods are excellent and time tested and the bhasmas passing all these tests are indeed of high quality, there is a dearth of knowledge regarding the structural and chemical aspects of various bhasma and also the complex reaction taking place between the metallic ions and the phytoconstituents of plants used in the pharmaceutics of bhasma. It is here that the importance of adopting modern technology can be looked up on. Modern analytical instrumentation methods play an important role in the characterization of bhasma. Utilizing XRD, advanced spectrometric techniques like AAS,ICPMS etc for analysis of bhasmas can put aside some of the allegations faced by the rasa medicines and at the same time elevate this ancient science of metallo - therapeutics to the level of global acceptance. Present review highlights various instrumentation techniques that can be incorporated for the characterization of bhasma preparations.

11

Authors: Shilpa Kant Dwivedi

Since long time, herbs and herbal products are used and new researches and discoveries are made in this direction to serve the humanity in a more better and affordable way. Ayurveda, the science of life has provided so much valuable information thus making it easy for the researchers to assess the proper source and follow proper guidelines in order to get fruitful results. In today’s world of advanced science people still looks up to Ayurveda when it comes to the treatment of chronic disorders or beautification of skin, the main reason being the minimal adverse effects produced by these drugs. Among the large spectrum of beauty products the demand of herbal products is on a rise. People prefer drugs of plant origin for skin care due to their low costs, less side effects and wonderful results. Glycyrrhiza glabra Linn. is selected for the study of complexion enhancement viz. Varnya karma according to Ayurveda. The drug is selected from the Varnya mahakashaya of Charak samhita, sutrasthan, chapter four and it is also a valuable researched drug in modern cosmetic industry. Classical reference is to use it internally as kashaya for complexion benefits whereas now days it is a very popular drug used for skin whitening as an ingredient of creams and lotions. The work is to confirm and prove that for skin problems direct application of drug is more adept than systemic administration and herbs can be used directly for local requirement.

14

Authors: Sheetal Asutkar, Yogita Bende, Veena Himanshu Sharma , Varsha P.Jadhao , Vasudha G.Asutkar5 and Chetan Gulhane

Ayurveda is the ancient system of Indian medicine in which the importance of both prevention and cure are highlighted. As per the Ayurvedic texts, The tridoshas are the main causative factors in the pathogenesis of any disease. Specific management for individual doshas have been elaborated in all Ayurvedic texts. In Ayurveda, a special procedure called Nasya karma has been mentioned. It is an alternative route of drug administration for most of the drugs that act on brain. Nasya is given in the form of oil, ghee, smoke, powder and herbal juice depending upon the nature of disease. Pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of Nasya drugs and the connection of nose with brain is explained in the Ayurvedic classics. Nasya karma provides an alternative route to drug delivery to the brain with safe and efficacious formulations for simple, painless and long‐term therapy

6

Authors: Khagen Basumatary and Hasina Ferdouse

Acharya Charak while mentioning ‘Jara’ said that, it is a Swabhavajavyadhi and is Nishpratikriya. The same follows the concept of ‘Swabhavoparamvad’. Here, Swabhava means natural and the meaning of uparam is destruction, so the word swabhavoparam stands for natural destruction. After birth, growth and senility ultimately leading to death are inevitable process. It is correctly stated that aging begins before birth and continues throughout life at different rates, in different races for different individuals and for different tissues of the body. It involves two opposite processes that simultaneously come into operation i.e. growth and atrophy. In an organism, aging represents structural and functional changes over its entire life span. It is a universal phenomenon characterized by progressive deterioration of cells and organs due to accumulation of macromolecular and organelle damage. The continuous removal of worn out components and replacement with new synthesized one ensures cellular homeostasis and delays aging process. While, apoptosis is, without question, critical for homeostasis, it is conceivable that even normal apoptotic processes might, over-time lead to normal aging phenotypes or agerelated pathologies. So, here in this review I am going to establish the fact that homeostasis and apoptosis are important for normal maintenance of health as well as healthy aging, in Ayurvedic point of view as both the terms ‘homeostasis’ and ‘apoptosis’ comes under the definition of ‘swabhavoparam’.

6

Authors: S. U. Chavan and V. U. Gawai

Neonatal jaundice is yellowish discoloration of sclera, mucus membrane and skin due to increased level of serum bilirubin in the blood. Incidence of Neonatal Jaundice is 60 to 80 % of total births in India. According to the modern science ‘Neonatal jaundice’ is managed by Phototherapy and Exchange blood transfusion method as per the level of serum bilirubin and weight of the newborn. A patient of neonatal jaundice was treated with Bhoomyamalaki (Phyllanthus niruri) kashaya 1.75 ml orally. Dose is calculated according to the Clark rule. Bhoomyamalaki has properties of virechana and pittanasak, so ayurvedic treatments with Bhoomyamalaki (phyllanthus niruri) kashaya was effective in case of Neonatal jaundice. The article focuses on details of a case of ‘Neonatal jaundice’ in opd and ipd of PG. department of kaumarbhritya of Govt. Ayurved College and Hospital Nanded.

7

Authors: Beena Tiwari , Neeraj Tripathi *, Bulusu Sitaram and M. Paramkush Rao

In the present era human beings have to live polluted atmosphere. This has led to increase in allergic reactions directly or indirectly. These allergic reactions are manifested in the form of atopic dermatitis, hyper responsive bronchus, rhinitis etc. These days bronchial asthma is more common in every age group which is increasing by 50% every decade. Sirisha and Bhumyamalaki, both the drugs are mentioned in the Ayurveda for the management of the asthma. Guinea pig was taken to find out effect of drug on lung tissue of bronchus and lung alveoli. Histological analysis of the lungs from non-sensitized Group I showed normal lung histology. Treatment with Sirisha and Bhumyamalaki has shown reduction in tissue oedema, epithelial cell hypertrophy, infiltration of inflammatory cell and airway lumen plugging thereby decreasing inflammation and broncoconstriction, which leads to normal lumen size. However, treatment with Sirisha and Bhumyamalaki were shown significant reduction in inflammation in comparison with standard Ayurvedic formulation. Sirisha has better result on bronchospasm as compared to Bhumyamalaki and infiltration in the lung tissue was well minimised by Bhumyamalaki in compare to the Sirisha.

8

Authors: Tripti Lokesh

Gomutra (Cow’s Urine) is being used in many disorders and it is explained in Ayurveda as a treatment for many disorders. Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is a serious condition associated with premature mortality, decreased quality of life, and increased health-care expenditures. Untreated CKD can result in end-stage renal disease and necessitate dialysis or kidney transplantation. Risk factors for CKD include cardiovascular disease, diabetes, hypertension, and obesity. In renal failure there is raised level of blood urea, creatinine and RBCs in urine. It can be compared with Paitik Mutrakrichra (~Dysuria due to Pita Dosha)/Adhogatta Raktapita (~blood from lower orifices)/Paitik Prameha (~frequency due to Pita Dosha)/Rakataja Mutrakrichta (~Dysuria with blood). A Clinical study was done on known patient of CKD on OPD basis, Gaur Brahman Ayurvedic College and Hospital, Rohtak, Haryana. There was a rise of serum urea and serum creatinine after administering Gomutra. It is concluded that Gomutra should not be used in renal failure.

8

Authors: Dhananjay V. Patel and Sarika Patel

Shirodhara is an allied Panchakarma procedure, which has got worldwide popularity because of its simple administration and efficacy in variety of disorders. Pouring of liquid on head in Shirodhara is designed to relieve the psychological stress and mental fatigue. Acharya Vagbhata has considered it under the broad heading of Moordha Taila. He recommended it for the prevention of Khalitya, Palitya, etc. disorders. A variety of material is used for the Shirodhara procedure depending on the disease and involved pathological factors. In the present review article, attempt has been made to understand the mode of action i.e. pharmacodynamics of Ayurved technique Shirodhara along with its therapeutic utility.

9

Authors: Deepanjali Bora and Niten Barman

The disease Swasa has been described vividly in the Ayurvedic classics. Ayurveda has given importance to it as a disease as well as a symptom. All the aspects, starting from the nidanas to the chikitsa are well explained in Charaka samhita, Chikitsasthan, seventeenth chapter. The chikitsa has been dealt in two ways depending upon the rogibala. The patients having good built, that is, balwana rogi and having the predominance of kapha dosha should be treated with shodhana chikitsa and after that shaman chikitsa is to be done. In the patients of poor built, that is durbalarogi and having the predominance of vatadosha, they should be treated with shamanatherapy, drugs having alleviated properties of vata. Also the children, females, very old persons are advised shamana therapy. Here, an attempt has been made to evaluate the pharmacological mode of action of swasaharamahakasaya in the management of the disease, swasa, as shaman chikitsa. The pharmacological study was done as far as possible by taking references from various Ayurvedic books. Later a co- relation was made among the properties of swasaharamahakasaya and the chikitsasiddhanta of swasa mentioned in CharakaSamhita. It was found that the relation could be well established. Details has been summarised in the paper.

10

Authors: Khagen Basumatary and Bidyapati Sarangthem

The Ayurvedic concept of etiopathogenesis has its own perspective which follows the complex principle of specific association among Nidana, Dosha and Dushya. Acharya Charaka has meticulously explained the essence of diagnostic methodology, along with the variations in the process of development of disease in Nidanasthana. The specific variations of Vikaravighatabhava-abhava that occur due to the specific features of Nidana-Dosha-Dushya interpret the various aspects of origin and development of disease. In this concept, Caraka clears the incubation period, mild or severe form of disease, acute or otherwise conditions of disease, resistance of the body against disease and susceptibility of the body to disease. Vikaravighatabhava means presence of factors which resist the genesis of disease and Vikaravighatabhavaabhava means absence of resistance to disease. This very concept can be applied to all the diseases and is the main aspect of etiopathogenesis. By acquiring the knowledge of this principle one can master the disease genesis process and treatment process. This article will provide the platform for understanding the basic framework of genesis of a disease in full perspective.

10

Authors: Priyanka Jagtap, Akash Mohanrao More and Bhushan Bhagwat Kulkarni

The aim of the stability testing is to provide proof of how the quality of a finished product varies with time under the influence of a variety of environmental factors such as temperature, humidity and light. The present study was conducted to evaluate accelerated stability (Temperature: 40 °C ± 2, Relative Humidity (RH): 75% ± 5) and real time stability (Temperature: 25 °C ± 2, Relative Humidity (RH): 60% ± 5) of Constac plus granulation. A study was conducted as per ICH guideline Q1A (R2). The variation in the organoleptic, physico-chemical and microbial load constants of the Constac plus granulation (fine granulation) was observed during 0 (initial), 1, 3 and 6 months. Results of different physico-chemical parameters were taken into consideration to evaluate intercept and slope. Study shows that there was no change in color, odour and taste of Constac plus granulation up to storage of 6 months at accelerated condition. Formulation was suitable at accelerated condition up to 6months storage. It can be extrapolated that shelf life of Constac plus granulation is 26.54 months. The real time stability data of Constac plus granulation showed very good stability up to one year.

11

Authors: Singh J., Gupta S. J. and Singh A. K.

India has a rich heritage of plants as medicines; Indian systems of medicines utilize 80 percent of the material derived from the plants. Large numbers of plants are utilized in various systems of medicine practiced in India and local health traditions for the treatment of human diseases since time immemorial. The use of Tulsi as source of medicine in human has been in vogue since antiquity. Tulsi (Ocimum sanctum Linn. Gurke.) has been used for thousands of years in Ayurveda due to its diverse healing properties. Tulsi is legendary and the ‘incomparable one’ from India. It is one of the holiest and most cherished of the many healing and healthy giving herbs of the orient. Morphological and anatomical characters play a vital role in crude drug standardization. However, a proper documentation of medicinal plants of Ocimum spp. is lacking and many times adulterants are passed as genuine drugs. In present investigation, the Ocimum sanctum has been selected for the standardization due to its medicinal importance.

12

Authors: Tripti Lokesh and Poonam Kaleramana

Eating sprouts is gaining momentum in the name of nutritious and enzyme rich food which can help to gain abundant of nutrients, fats, vitamins etc. and boost digestion. Ayurveda says eating raw Viru.Dha (Sprouts) are highly unhealthy causing vitiation of Doshas (Vata, Pita, Kapha), Vishtambhi (heavy to digest), Vidahajanak (burning sensation), Shool (colicky pain), Drishtidushnam (weaker eyesight), causer of diseases like Vatarakta (~ Gout), Grahni (~IBS), Arsha (piles), and Sotha (inflammations on body). Many incidences of deaths are reported due to food poisoning by sprouts, being rich in microbes like salmonella and E.coli. But Ayurveda quotes that there is nothing on this earth which cannot be used as medicine. Sprouts can be useful but after a very careful processing. Eating of raw sprouts is prohibited in Ayurveda.

12

Authors: Amardeep Kour, Gupta Vikas and Sodhi Danisha

The human body is constituted by the requisite combination of seven dhatus and the degeneration and decay of these dhatus affect the body’s natural phenomenonas. To maintain the Swastha state, particularly the samdhatu state arresting the degeneration and decay, intake of nutritious food is essential. The food has to be properly digested, assimilated and then the nutrients have to be incorporated into the dhatus to achieve the Samdhatu state. For incorporation of the nutrients into the dhatus and to achieve Samdhatu state, important for body’s well-being the Nyayas i.e., Ksheera Dadhi Nyaya, Kedari Kulya Nyaya , Khalekapota Nyaya , Ekkala Dhatuposhana Nyaya has been explained with due importance. Thus through this research paper a light has been thrown on the importance of Nyayas on body’s well-being.

5

Authors: TikeshwarKaranjekar, Anubhuti P. Manwar, Subhash Y. Raut and Arun M. Lakhapati

A wound is a break in the integrity of the skin or tissue often, which may be associated with destruction of structure and function. Wound is simply a disruption of any tissues. In surgery wound is primary pathology and infection is the most common complication of wound healing. It is encountered in every surgical speciality. Infection leads to cellular and vascular response to bacterial injury. In Ayurveda, infected wound can be compared to dushta-vrana. Vrana is a sarva-sharirgatvyadhi with tridoshaj pathology. Various treatment modalities are described in classical texts of Ayurveda. Ancient Acharyas emphasized the use of Kshar in the treatment of dushta-vrana specially Apamarg-kshar. It also gives symptomatic relief to the patient.

6

Authors: Kawarkhe Santosh Dnyanbarao, Ramesh M. Bansode , and S. S. Sant

Diet plays an important role in pathogenesis of kidney stones .Mutrashmari– Urolithiasis is a consequence of complex physiochemical processes which involves sequence of event in the formation of any urinary stone i.e., consequence of imbalance between stone promoters and inhibitor in the kidney. Urinary stones are the major cause of Morbidity. Increased incidence of Urolithiasis in this industrialized world is associated with improved standards of living and is strongly associated with race, ethnicity and religion of individuals due to its specific life style and bad habit of food intake. The identification of common, modifiable risk factors for Urolithiasis may result in new approach for treatment and prevention. With these objectives, in this study,the Avapidsnehapan, Abhayarishta and Pashanbhedchurna are used widely for the management of Mutrashmari. These have Vedanashamaka(Reduced pain/Spasm), Mutrala(Diuretic property) and Ashmaribhedaka (Lithotriptic) properties in them. In the present work, we tried to study the combined effect of Avapidsnehapan, Abhayarishta and Pashanbhedchurna with respect to disintegration/ expulsion of the calculi.

6

Authors: Rutu V. Patel, S. Rajagopala and S.N.Gupta

Normal growth and development of the child depends upon the environmental factors and genetic endowment. Environmental factors are divided into two categories, one is the proper nutritional supplementation and the other is the child’s diseased condition. If the child does not get proper nutrition and disease free condition then the child cannot achieve proper growth, the reason behind this condition is the indigestion of the food taken by child. Short stature is considered as the height of the child is below 3rd percentile. According to Ayurveda,Vamanatwa is related with VatikaNanatmajaVikara. In the present case of short stature, the patient was found having the Ajeerna, the treatment given was only related to Ajeerna and the child started to gain height. During the whole course of treatment child gained a total of 14 cm of height along with subsidence of other symptoms. This particular case study shows the importance of Agni, and management of Ajeerna in disease manifestations.

6

Authors: Saroj Kumar Debnath, Abichal Chattopadhyaya and Sudhaben N. Vyas

It is internationally recognized that medicinal plants play a major role for providing health benefits more safely to human beings. The complex composition of medicinal plant based drugs has a major challenge for quality control. Maximum Ayurvedic drugs are plant based drugs. Physicochemical analysis is the most important part for standardization of the medicinal plant based drugs. Two most important Ayurvedicdrugs i.e., Alambushadi Churna tablet and Simhanad Guggulu pill had been selected from Ayurvedic famous books named BhavaPrakasha and BhaishajyaRatnavali, respectively for comparative Physicochemical study. These two Ayurvedic drugs are mainly and commonly used in the treatment of disease Amavata (Rheumatoid arthritis). Preparation and Physicochemical study of both these drugs was carried out in the Institute for Post Graduate Teaching and Research in Ayurveda, Gujarat Ayurved University, Jamnagar. This comparative Physicochemical study revealed that Alambushadi Churna tablet contains more moisture, less inorganic constituents and more water soluble constituents than Simhanad Guggulu pill and hardness as well as disintegration time of Alambushadi Churna tablet was less than Simhanad Guggulu pill.

7

Authors: C.S.Tanmane, Sandhya N.Wagh and A.S.Charde

Katigatvata/katishool is the emerging problem arising due to the adaptation of modern life style. Many patients are suffering from this condition, having no suitable treatment available in the modern medicine except analgesics and surgery. However, in Ayurveda medicine there is better management described in texts for katigatvata. The clinical study was conducted in 30 patients of katigatvata treated with Ayurvedic Herbal medicine RasnadiGuggul and Katibasti with Dashamul oil. All the patients were divided into 3 groups of 10 patients each. Group A of 10 patients were advised RasnadiGuggul 500 mg twice a day for one month. Patients of Group B were administered katibasti with Dashmool oil for 21 days. While patients of Group C were recommended Tab RasnadiGuggul 500 mg twice a day for one month along with katibasti for 21 days, simultaneously. It was observed that patients of Katigatvata of Group C treated with herbal drug RasnadiGuggul and Katibasti showed maximum percentage of improvement as comparative to Group A and Group B. No side effects were noted in any of the patients during the trial period.

7

Authors: Priyanka Triwedi and Anamika Shukla

ADHD is the most common neurobehavioral and developmental disorder of childhood, characterized by emotional problems, low self-esteem with inattention, hyperactivity and impulsiveness. Its incidence is 3-5 % globally. Conventional modern treatment with stimulant drugs lead to many side effects. There is need to develop alternative treatment with safe and effective medicine. Exact cause of ADHD is unknown but there are no. of factors which can contribute to the appearance and progression of this disorder including specific inherited genes, food additives, and environmental factors like harmful habits during pregnancy. Ayurveda includes herbal and nutritional supplementation, meditation, yoga and abhyanga for the treatment of physical and psychological disorder, therefore there should be some parenting tips with yoga for ADHD children to reduce stress like Suryanamaskar, Pranayam, Vrikshasana, Meditation and medicines suggested are MedhyaRasayana, Brahmi (Bacopamonnnieri), Shankhpushpi (as nervine tonic and mind soother), Sarpagandha (reduce hyperactivity). Some researches explored the effectiveness of massage and exercise therapy on reducing symptoms and medication doses in ADHD school age patients.

7

Authors: Brijendra Singh Tomar

The World Health Organization (WHO) estimates that worldwide 210 million women become pregnant each year and that about two-thirds of them, or approximately 130 million, deliver live infants1 . The remaining one-third of pregnancies end in miscarriage, stillbirth, or induced abortion1 . Of the estimated 42 million induced abortions each year, nearly 20 million are performed in unsafe conditions and/or by unskilled providers and result in the deaths of an estimated 47,000 girls and women1 . This represents about 13 percent of all pregnancy-related deaths1 .While the incidence of abortion in India is unknown, the most widely cited figure suggests that around 6.7 million abortions take place annually. According to government data, only about one million of these are performed legally. The remaining abortions are performed by medical and non-medical practitioners. Levels of unsafe abortions are very high in India, especially given that abortion is legal for a broad range of indications, and available in the public and private health sector. Therefore an attempt is made to make aware the health care professionals about the various provisions of laws related to abortion so that they can play a major role to aware society

7

Authors: Aniket A Shilwant and Niraj F Mandod

Mamsa is one of the seven constructive build icons of body namely dhatus. It is widely accepted by all the Ayurvedic scholars who named it as Pishit, Taras, Palal, Raktateja, Medaskruta, Kravyam, Aamisha and so on. It helps in formation of Mamsa dhatu in the body with its principle site in body as muscles, tendons and skin. It maintains the metabolism of Mamsa dhatu in body by Mamsadhara kala which is also concerned with the same. Irrespective of Panchabhautik origin, Mamsa dhatu has Prithvi mahabhuta in its dominance, Vasa (Omentum) and Tvacha (Skin and its layers) as its Updhatu (Accessory tissue) and Kha mala as its excretory product. The well build musculature of a person indicates good and proper nourishment of the individual. This excellence of a Mamsa dhatu seen in such a person is resembled by Mamsa sara purusha with its specific symptoms. Mamsa dhatu is formed by the metabolic process over Rakta dhatu by the respective Dhatwagni viz., Mamsadhatwagni. Thus any kind of abnormality or deviation in this process leads to disorders oriented with Mamsa dhatu and certainly having an impact over upcoming Dhatus in series. Abnormality of Mamsa dhatu prominently shows emaciation, muscle wasting type disorders impairing overall health of human health, thus leading to lack of immunity and surrendering to any disease easily. So it carries an important role for sustenance and longevity of life.

8

Authors: Kumar Sanjeev, Ram Bhuwal and Dwivedi Kamal Nayan

The name of Musk is known to the entire mankind but today, only a few persons have the privilege to smell its odor. There is a perfume so famous that everyone on earth knows its name but it is so rare that only very few living human beings can boast at having ever smelled it. All kind of deer do not have “The Musk” The musk found in which deer, that is Known as Kasturimrig (Sanskrit), Hiranmuski (Unani). The Musk comes from a small deer that has two fangs; he uses to scratch forest lichens on which it feeds. Musk has been a key constituent in many perfumes since its discovery, being held to give a perfume long-lasting power as a fixative. Practitioners of Indigenous Systems of Medicine claim to obtain beneficial results with musk in various disorders viz. Visha (Toxicity), Chardi (Vomiting), Daurgandhya (fetid smell), Kilas (leucoderma).

9

Authors: Sapna Chaudhary and Vinod Kumar Joshi

The existence of medicine shows its prehistoric antiquity. The knowledge regarding medicinal value of plant was been collected in a course of several centuries. Ayurveda reveals that we had a rich knowledge of the use of medicinal plants from very ancient times. The ancient scholars have described the medicinal properties of plants through their deep observation, analysis of observation and after words clinical assessment in patients. Amalakyadi gana is one of the formulation of Sushruta samhita 38th chapter of Sutra sthana, which is said as Sarvajvarahara (to alleviate all kind of fever) and Amalakyadi gana consist of four drugs i.e., Amalaki, (Emblica officinalis Gaertn.), Haritaki (Terminalia chebula), Pippali (Piper longum Linn.,) and Citraka (Plumbago zeylanica Linn.). Pathophysiology of the disease Jvara reveals that it is caused due to Vikrita Pitta, Agnimandya and Srotorodha. Most of the drugs are having Laghu guna, Usna virya and Madhura vipaka therefore acting act as Pitta Shamaka, Dipana, Pachana, Srotoshodhana

9

Authors: Rashi Sharma and Vipin Kumar Pandey

The subject of ayurveda is physical aggregation of vikaras of panch-mahabhoota and termed as Sharir. It is composed of six dhatus, i.e; Panch-Mahabhoot and the sixth one of non-physical entity that is Atma, Purush or Sharir. Tridosh are considered as the primary and essential constitutional factors of the human organism. These fundamental factors maintain the integrity of human body. Doshas are the body constituents which are responsible for maintenance of the physical integrity of the body. Sharir Vayu is that force which keeps the kapha, pitta, dhatus and malas in motion; like the wind that propels the cloud from place to place in the sky. Functions of apan vata are to retain and eliminate the feces, urine, semen, menstrual blood and fetus when required. Vitiated apana vata coming in contact with anorectal folds gives rise to arsha or haemorrhoids (piles).

10

Authors: Suhas A. Chaudhary, Shingadiya Rahul K. , Patel K. S. , Kori V. K. , Rajagopala S. , Harisha C.R. and Shukla V. J.

It is important to treat every disease in childhood period at the earliest as it may hamper the proper growth and development of child. Recurrent cold can correlate with disease Pratishyaya in Ayurveda, which is a causative factor for another disease as it can produce Kshaya. Due to diseased condition in childhood, school absenteeism and expenditures of medicine are the burden on the family that ultimately affects the civilization. Balachaturbhadra Churna is a compelling medicine for the childhood disorders. But due to bitter taste and short shelf life, the powder form converts to tablet form by introducing Balachaturbhadra Vati. The present work was planned to standardize the finished product Balachaturbhadra Vati to conform its identity, quality and purity. In pharmacognostical work Annular vessels, Compound Starch grains, Group of stone cells with yellow content, Prismatic crystals of Ativisha; Annular vessels, Fragment of annular vessels, Fragments of sclary form, Silica deposition, Starch grain with hylem of Musta; Black debrice, Oil globule, stone cell of Pippali; Dark brown content, Fibres, Scleroids of Shringi were observed. Organoleptic features of BCV are solid in consistency, light ash grey colour, bitter odour, bitter-astringent taste, round and bi-convex in shape were observed. The pH value of BCV was 8, Acid insoluble ash was 1.89 %w/w, Water-soluble extract was 26.2 %w/w, Loss on drying was 5.66 %w/w, Ash value was 9.4 %w/w, Alcohol soluble extractive (%w/w) was 12.72 %w/w and High Performance Thin Layer Chromatography at 254nm and 366nm resulted into 4 and 1 spots, respectively.

10

Authors: Nitin Sharma and Rakesh K.Nagar

Cancer is the most dreadful of all the diseases. Typically growing in the form of tumors, new tumors emerge as cells take root and grow in different parts of the body. Classical ayurvedic texts have several references to cancer. It combines a number of approaches such as changes in lifestyle, herbal remedies, exercise and meditation to strengthen and purify the body and mind and increase spiritual awareness. Herbs offer great potential to stimulate the healing process and can even destroy cancer cells. Dietary patterns, foods, nutrients and other dietary constituents are closely associated with the risk for several types of cancer. Evidence suggests that diets high in fiber containing foods, rich in fruits, vegetables and grain products, carotenoids, vitamin C are associated with a reduced risk for cancer.

10

Authors: Dadhich N.K and Sharma Pooja

Ayurveda is essentially the science of life. Ayurveda has scientific background and will provide stimulus to new and original renovation from the remodelling of theories and concept. One of the basic fundamental concept or view of Ayurveda is Ojas. Ojas that balances almost all assiduous essence of nutrients and zeal level in body. Everyone is known with the term of immunity that is compared with Bala or Oja in Ayurveda. Ayurveda is science of life i.e., of Ayu. For longevity of Ayu, Aahara is important. Its Ayurvedic concept of Karya-Karna Sidhanta in this Aahara is Karya & Karana is Ojas. Oja is sara of the all the Dhatu’s (tissues) and important part of all the Dhatu’s from Rasa to Shukra Dhatu’s. It gives all the positive ponders of the life and is precious for living. All livelihoods are harboured and sustained by Ojas & if it diminishes or shrinks it leads to abandonment of life. Numerous authors and saints have mentioned about Ojas therefore we have different concepts on Ojas. Hence, this review article endeavours to make clear understanding of Ojas as saints said in texts with its normal and abnormal points.

10

Authors: Megha G. Pandya, Hetal D. Vyas and Rita H. Khagram

Psoriasis is consider as type of Kushtha (skin diseases) and may be well correlated to various varieties of Kushtha, among them Eka-kushta, Kitibha are the commonest due to the resemblance of signs and symptom. Here, Ekakushtha is accepted as Psoriasis because the description and characteristic features of it are co-related with description of Psoriasis than any other type of Kushtha. Effective therapeutic agents for the treatment of Psoriasis in contemporary medicine may have long-term toxic side effects, which makes alternative system of medicine a good choice because it overcomes the said limitations. The mainstay of treatment in Ayurveda for Kushtha is shodhana (bio purification), which eliminates the vitiated doshas. Virechana (therapeutic purgation) is less stressful procedure than Vamana (therapeutic emesis) and has less possibility of complications. So, the present work has been under taken to study the role of Virechana (therapeutic purgation) in the management of psoriasis- A case study. After treatment patients recovered symptomatically, the itching and scaling was relieved completely, burning was very mild and intermittent. But, there is mild improvement in nail changes. So, it is concluded that Virechana (therapeutic purgation) was effective and showed considerable improvement in the patient of Psoriasis.

11

Authors: Rita Khagram and Megha Pandya

A change in lifestyle of human beings has created several disharmonies in his biological system. With the advancement of busy, professional and social life, improper sitting postures in offices and factories, jerking movements during travelling and sports; all these factors create undue pressure on the spinal cord and play an important role in producing low backache and sciatica. According to Charaka Samhita, Gridhrasi comes under 80 types of Nanatmaja Vatavyadhi which is characterized by its distinct pain emerging from buttock and going towards the heal of afflicted side. On the basis of symptoms it can be well co-related with “Sciatica” in modern terminology. In spite of the different types of treatment modalities mentioned in ancient and modern medical sciences, they have some or the other shortcomings and drawbacks. Considering all these, the present study was taken up with the objective of evaluating the role of Matra basti in the management of Gridhrasi. Due to promising results of Rasna Guggulu practically proven in Gridhrasi, it was chosen as control group. Total 24 patients of Gridhrasi were randomly divided into two groups. The patients of Group-A (13 patients) were given Matra basti with Sahacharadi Tail for 14 days and the patients of Group-B (11patients) were given only Rasna Guggulu. All the patients responded favorably to the treatment in both the groups, but with Marta Basti, the therapy has shown better relief in most of the cardinal and associated signs and symptoms of the disease.

13

Authors: Pithadiya Archana C, Makwana Dhawal and Dhole Archana N

Examination of ‘Saratva’ indicates ‘Bala’ of an individual. One cannot function without ‘Bala’. For both aims of Ayurveda, namely, maintenance of health and if diseased, to cure the disease and come back to homeostatic condition, physician needs to know his ‘Bala’. Sara means essence of Dhatu or extrme/excellent quality of Dhatu. Qualitative, quantitative and functional assessment of tissues or seven Dhatus is called Dhatu Sarata. Charaka has advised to examine Sara of every Dhatu to understand strength of Dhatus as well as strength of mind.

23

Authors: Kumari Monika, Sharma Naresh Kumar, Dhiman Kamini, Meena Kedar L.and Vardhan Prabhakar

Ayurveda is one of the oldest systems of medicine of the world with principal concepts of tridosha and prakriti. The dehaprakriti (body constitution) of person is named according to the innate predominance of dosha at the very time of conception. Deha prakriti is the leading factor which determines the pattern of susceptibility of an individual to different diseases, their prognosis, course and complications. Hence, the ayurvedic concept of dehaprakriti is helpful in maintaining health, understanding disease and its management. Also, the ultimate aim of Ayurveda i.e., attainment of PurusharthChatushtaya viz. dharma (gooddeeds), artha (wealth), kama (desires), moksha (salvation)is possible only if person is healthy and knowledge of one’s own prakriti can be helpful in maintenance of one’s health by following proper diet and regimen. Ayurveda confers the psychosomatic constitution, as dehaprakriti, which is represented by a vibrant description of the physique, physiology & psychological make-up of an individual. The dehaprakriti is essentially genetically determined and is likely to be influenced by a variety of environmental factors to some extent. The approach of ayurveda on the subjects of determinants of dehaprakriti is quite comprehensive and vivid. The article enumerates the factors, which together lay the psychological and physical make up of an individual. The review has been prepared with the help of analysis of ancient classical texts and journals.

5

Authors: D.T.Tayade,S.S. Padhen, A.B.Wadekar and S.A.Waghmar

Recent research work deals with the conductometric measurement of 3-(2-hydroxy-3-nitro-5- methyl) phenyl-6-amino-1,2,5-thioxazine at different temperatures by keeping constant concentration(0.1M) .These measurements provide information regarding with solute-solvent interaction, effect of temperatures and effect of dilution and solvent. The various thermodynamic parameters viz. ∆H 0 ; ∆S0 and ∆G0 for the ion pair formation are determined from the value of ion association constant at constant concentration (0.1M). These also revealed that solvent-solvent, solute-solvent and solute-solute interactions and the effects of various substituent’s.

5

Authors: Tonge Madan B

The exact identity of various Ayurvedic Dravyas is always a burning issue for Ayurveda practitioners. For the same Acharyas made a suitable adjustment in terms of Pratinidhi Dravyas as well as Abhava Dravyas. Still some Dravyas mentioned in Samhitas were granted according to the ability and knowledge of different Acharyas in their own way. One of this type of Dravya is Nrutyakundaka Baaja, which is still to be revealed. The exact identity of the Nrutyakundaka Beeja is still not clearly established and still in ambiguous state. It was used by traditional healers in different way, nearly for the same purpose of treatment. This paper reviews the references and importance of Nrutyakundaka Beeja through Samhita and Nighantus because Nighantu is considered as latest among classical work in Dravyaguna Shastra. The traditional knowledge is transferred through oral teachings and the lack of clear documents creates gaps in the system. That’s why there is a need for the extensive study of ancient literature to adopt and implement modern techniques to study the identity and medicinal properties. Current literature review was performed by collecting relevant information from Ayurveda literature. The traditional knowledge of healing system and literature study paves the way for more productive benefit. Also much more extensive studies have to be carried out to get the knowledge of identity and pharmacological properties of Nrutyakundaka Beeja, in future.

6

Authors: Deepa kulkarni, Nita Kedar, Subhash Raut

“Apakwastu pidika pakwastu Bhagandara” In Bhagandari pidika the predominant Doshas are Pitta and Rakta. . If left untreated leads to Bhagandara (Fistula in Ano). In the earlier stage swelling occurs at perianal region unsuppurative in nature but if not treated properly abscess and fistula is formed. The Father of Indian Surgery Aacharya Sushruta has mentioned the management of “Apakwa Bhagandari pidika” with first eleven Upkramas of the vrana. Vistrawan Karma (Blood letting) is one of them. This single case study was conducted to assess the efficacy of Jalaukavacharana in Bhagandari pidika. It found to be very effective treatment in the management of Bhagandari pidika which is the earlier stage of Bhagandara (Fistula in ano).

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Authors: Shyam Babu Singh and Poornima Mansoria

Human body is composed of Dosha, Dhatu and Mala among which Dhatus are more important structurally as they hold the body and perform specific functions like Prinana, Jivana, Lepana etc. Any kind of deformity in Dhatus can affect body to a large extent and could be a result of various disorders. Knowledge of involved Dosha, creating any structural or functional disturbance in any particular Dhatu could be beneficial in the field of treatment. Our ancient seers have mentioned many disorders in which a particular Dhatu is affected and named them as Dhatu-Pradoshaja Vikara. In this article an attempt is made to review and understand the concept of Dhatu-Pradoshaja Vikara.

7

Authors: Satender Tanwar, Shailaja S. V. and Kiran M Goud

Respiration is the process by which oxygen is taken in and carbon dioxide is given out. Respiratory disorders are the one among the leading cause of the death. The whole respiratory system is divided into the two parts i.e., URT and LRT and on the basis of that it is classified as URTI and LRTI; upper and lower respiratory tract infection. Bronchiectasis is a defined as abnormal and irreversible dilatation of the bronchi and bronchioles developing secondary to inflammatory weakening of the bronchial walls.The most characteristic clinical manifestation of bronchiectatsis is persistent cough with expectoration of copious amounts of foul smelling purulent sputum. Post infectious cases commonly develop in childhood and in early adult life. The most characterstic Wheezing and nail clubbing may also occur. Those with the disease often get frequent lung infections. Bronchiectasis may result from a number of infective and acquired causes, including pneumonia, tuberculosis, immune system problems, and cystic fibrosis. Cystic fibrosis eventually results in severe bronchiectasis in nearly all cases. The cause in 10-50% of those without cystic fibrosis is unknown. The mechanism of disease is breakdown of the airways due to an excessive inflammatory response. Involved bronchi become enlarged and the ability to clear secretions is diminished. These secretions increase the amount of bacteria in the lungs; results in the airway blockage and further breakdown of the airways. It is classified as an obstructive lung disease, along with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and asthma. The diagnosis is suspect based on a person's symptoms and confirmed using computer tomography. Sputum cultures may be useful to determine treatment in those who have acute worsening and at least once a year. The case taken here was a rare clinical study on grounds of Ayurvedic principle by using the Vardhmaan Pippali rasayana in patient of bronchiectasis. The classical usage of the VPR is carried out by following the ascending order and the n descending to baseline with strict dietary regimen as explained in the classic. Significant improvement was noticed in the symptom of the patient in the span of 60 days and patient is under follow period to check the efficacy of drug in a longer run

8

Authors: Suryawanshi Pradipkumar R, Suryawanshi Pradipkumar R., Shweta V Musale and Rucha Shinde

Backache is one of the most common and widely prevalent ailments. These days due to sedentary living habits and hazardous work patterns its occurrence is increasing day by day. The psychological conditions associated with emotional stress, which bring about spasm of the muscles, may also cause backache. Chronic low back pain (CLBP) affects millions of people worldwide. There are several treatment options for chronic low back pain, although no single therapy stands out as being the most effective. It is estimated that 80% of all people will experience at least one episode of Back pain in their lifetime, with point prevalence ranging from 15% to 39%, 70% of patients with an episode of Low Back Pain recover with one month, and 90% within 3 months, only 4% patients will have symptoms larger than 6 months. According to Ayurveda degeneration is a process that occurs mainly due to ageing and in Ayurveda vata is the dosha that is mainly dominant during old age and 90% of degenerative disorders are due to vitiated vata dosha. Specific procedures such as Basti, Podikizhi, Navarakizhi, Pizchil etc. pacify the deranged vata externally where as internally some vata pacifying medicines are also administered to the Panchakarma procedures such as Katibasti; may also be employed. The primary goal of Yoga therapy for low back pain (LBP) is the relief of pain and functional limitation caused by a chronic lower back disorder. This is achieved by minimizing, healing, and ultimately correcting underlying physical malfunctions through a series of anatomically correct postures.

8

Authors: Vishakha R Wetal and Swati A Chorghade

Background - A majority of diabetics are unable to keep sugars under control despite adequate medication and follow ups. In some cases, even treatment with insulin does not help in sugar control. 40% of diabetics who carefully control their blood sugar nevertheless develop neuropathy and nephropathy. The case of uncontrolled type2 Diabetes Mellitus, was managed with Virechana, one of the Panchakarma therapy, as indicated in ‘Brihat-trayi (major and prime texts of Ayurveda). Management --Pachan (internal medicines to facilitate proper digestion )– Hingvashtak churna- 1gm x three times before food with warm water for two days was given. Internal oleation with Triphala ghrita in increasing order for four days (oleation stopped, as symptoms of proper oleation achieved) was followed. Daily assessment for symptoms of oleation was done. External oleation and sudation was done with Sesame oil. Virechana drug - Abhayadi modak - 500mg with decoction of Triphala 150ml was given on empty stomach. Results and Conclusion – BSL fasting and pp before Virechana was 240mg/dl and 431mg/dl. After seven days, one manth and four months, fasting sugar was 190mg/dl, 153mg/dl and 169mg/dl respectively while post prandial sugar was 265mg/dl, 180mg/dl and 228 respectively. HbA1, HbA1Cand MBG after seven days of Virechana was 10.9%, 8.4% and 215 respectively and after quarter to five months months it was 9.2%, 6.97% and 153 respectively. There was significant increase in HDL cholesterol from 37 mg/dl to 63mg/dl. Thus Virechana therapy has significant therapeutic value in Type2 Diabetes Mellitus.

8

Authors: Durgesh gupta, A.C.Kar

Nidana (etiology) is defined as the factors, which cause the disease. Treatment becomes easier by knowing the causative factors of a disease. In this light, it has been clearly stated that Nidana Parivarjanam’ is one type of Chikitsa for the most of diseases which is described in Ayurvedic literature. Obesity has been described as Sthaulya or Medoroga in Ayurvedic texts. This article revolves around the nidana of Sthaulya described in various texts of Ayurveda. An attempt has been made to understand Sthaulya (Obesity) through Modern and Ayurvedic perspective. In this article etiological factors for Sthaulya (obesity) are analysed.

9

Authors: Barkha J Tirpude

Bhasma kalpana is backbone of Rasaushdhi which are consecrations from Rasacharyas. Swarnamakshik is one of the important dravya’s classified into Maharas varg and is chemically known as Chalcopyrite. In the present study Swarnamakshik bhasma prepared, and analyzed to develop the standard manufacturing procedure. Each unit operative procedure was considered as an independent process and an attempt was made to validate each procedure. Raw Swarnamakshik and Hingul were taken according to classic text grahyatwa. The sample with higher percentage of Copper was taken for study. X-Ray diffraction technique was used to test its chemical components. Shodhan (Purification) and Maran (Incineration) was done as per references. The black reddish coloured (rakt krishnabh) Hingulmarit Swarnamakshik bhasma was obtained after subjecting to 9 puta. Finally, bhasma was subjected to physical and chemical analysis. In atomic absorption spectroscopy (AAS) Copper found to be 0.17%, Iron 61.92% and Sulphur 1.42%. Its Ph value was 5.9 and Ash Value was 98.88%.

9

Authors: Soni Anamika and Soni Surendra

Approximately sixty million women in India are above the age of 55 years. With the increase in life expectancy, majority of women spend one third of their lives in the postmenopausal age. The health problems cropping up during this period and related to estrogen deficiency are now obvious and well understood. The term ‘Menopause’ is defined as the permanent cessation of menstruation at the end of reproductive life due to loss of ovarian follicular activity. Menopause normally occurs between 4th to 5th decade of life. In India, the average age for menopause is 47 years. In Ayurveda, it is the age of Swabhawika (physiological) dominance of Vata, decline in Kapha Dosha and Dhatukshaya. Dhatukshaya is a physiological phenomenon during the late middle and old age. Hormone replacement therapy (HRT) is the main line of management in modern medicine which is very expensive and as many risks. Shatavari (Asparagus racemosus) and Madhuyashti (Glycerrhiza glabra) are widely accepted as a source of Phytoestrogens due to its 'Isoflavones' content.

10

Authors: Pankaj Rai, Laxmi Narayan Gupta and Neeraj Kumar

Shodhana is an important intermediately process of purification and detoxification by which physical and chemical blemishes along with toxic materials of metals and minerals are eliminated & substances are subjected for further pharmaceutical processing. It is an important intermediately pharmaceutical process during conversion of metals and minerals into bhasma (ash). Abhraka is an important mineral used in ayurvedic pharmaceutics. It is used in the form of bhasma to treat many diseases. Various liquid media are described for the shodhana process of abhraka (biotite). Shodhana of abhraka was done in the specific mediums i.e. cow‐urine, decoction of triphala and badari separately. To find out the significance of these media X Ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy study and energy dispersive x‐ray analysis of abhraka were carried out. X Ray diffraction findings shows that different media are not changing main compounds of abhraka after shodhana processes. Field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM) study reveals that the plate late structure of abhraka not only remains intact but also became more granular and appears to be microcrystalline along with reduction in particle size after shodhana process. Energy dispersive x‐ray analysis (EDAX) reflects the compositional variations of elements.

11

Authors: Anil Kumar Joshi and Teena Jain

The science of Ayurveda is based on the fundamental of Tridosha (Vata, Pitta and Kapha) which are responsible for health and disease. Vata Dosha has the chief dominance among these three vital factors of the body. The prime cause of Gridhrasi is the vitiated Vata so it is included in Vata Nanatmaja Vyadhi. Various aetiological factors for the derangement of Vata have been mentioned such as excessive walking, exercise, sleeping on an uncomfortable bed, withholding of natural urges, trauma to vital organs, excessive riding on fast moving, jerky vehicles, unwholesome dietary habits etc. All these factors are so easily accessible to Today’s men that almost everybody is sized in their flow, leading to increasing incidence of diseases like Gridhrasi. The localization of the vitiated Dosha in Gridhrasi is described in a particular order in which pain starts from Sphik and then radiates to Pada along with Stambha, Toda etc. In all applied considerations, the Vata system of Tridosha represents neuroscience in Ayurveda. This study has been planned to evaluate the role of Shodhana and Shamana drugs in the management of Gridhrasi (sciatica).

11

Authors: Dharmendra P Jani and B. R. Patel

Kushtha is a well-known plant since Vedic era. It is botanically known as Saussurea lappa– C.B.Clarke. belonging to the family Asteraceae. In present study roots of Saussurea lappa were procured from Dehradun and Gokshura fruit from periphery of Jamnagar and authenticated in Pharmacognosy laboratory of I.P.G.T. and R.A. Clinical study was designed as randomized, prospective, single blind, controlled, parallel and exploratory. In present study 28 patients were randomly divided in two groups. Group A was treated with Kushtha Churna, 1 gm /twice with lukewarm water and Group B (Control) was treated with Gokshura Churna, 2 gm /twice with lukewarm water for 60 days each. Total 25 patients completed the treatment; 13 in Group A and 12 in Group B. The assessment was done on the basis of changes in classical sign and symptoms of Shukradushti, seminal parameters and sexual health (parameters) observed before and after treatment. The obtained results were analyzed statistically. Encouraging results were found in Shukradushti, semen parameters and sexual health parameters.

13

Authors: Venkatesh M Illal

Background In this modern era there has been an unprecedented increase of incidences related to GI system due to marked change in life style. Diet pattern, behavioral pattern, mental stress & strain, these multiple factors leads to a clinical condition known as the Amlapitta. Symptoms of Amlapitta as explained in Ayurveda are near clinical entity with symptoms of gastritis; a gastro intestinal disorder mentioned in modern science. Methodology of intervention Forty five patients of Amlapitta were selected and divided into three groups by random sampling method. Clinical symptoms were given suitable grading according to its severity and assessed based on pre and post data gathered through pre-designed research clinical proforma. Results showing ‘p’ value less than <0.05 were considered to be statistically significant in this study. Interpretation Drakshadi Gutika is combined formulation prepared by Draksha having Madhura rasa, Madhura Vipaka, SheetaVeerya, MruduGuna. Haritaki having Lavana Varjita Pancha rasa Kashaya pradhana, Madhuravipaka, Vikrutadoshanulomana, Aamapachana, and Sita having Madhura rasa, sheetaveerya, trupti karaka, indriyaprasadaka. These factors exhibit Pitta shamana, and Pitta rechana property. Among Asanas, Pavanamuktasana is the asana of choice for the clinical condition that are related with the gastrointestinal tract. Among Shatkriyas, Kunjalakriya is the best possible wash to the digestive system from stomach to the mouth. After completion of the studies it could be concluded that patients of Group B were significantly better than the patients of Group A and Group C at P< 0.05. Hence by considering overall results in the present study the effect of KunjalaKriya with pavanamuktasanawas was found more beneficial.

13

Authors: Rajput Pawan, Parashar Shalini, Rama mohan Rao G and Sridurga Ch

Ayurveda, the Indian system of medicine uses drugs obtained from plant, animal and mineral sources for the maintenance of health and also for the treatment of various diseases. Shalmali (Bombax malabaricum DC.) is one such important medicinal plant used in Ayurveda. All parts of this plant like flowers, exudates, thorn, leaves and root are useful in treatment of various ailments. The roots of Shalmali are having aphrodisiac property. Numerous Vajikarana yogas containing Shalmali are mentioned in Ayurvedic classics. The present paper is an attempt to review few such formulations of Shalmali, best Vajikarana dravya of Ayurveda.

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Authors: Achintya Mitra, Sreya Dutta , Dhirendra Nath Mandal , Kumkum Bhattacharyya, Dipankar Bhattacharyya and Jayram Hazra

Ayurveda has a long therapeutic history since the time of immemorial which is still vulnerable as it is serving many of the ailments for large number of the population. Swarna Jibanti (Coelogyne cristata Lindl.) is being used as a single plant or as an ingredient for certain polyherbal formulations since the period of Veda for promoting the healthy life and rejuvenation. As it belongs to orchids and not widely available in the market, considering the huge demand in the industry, there is always chances of adulteration as no quality control profiles are ready in-hand. The standardization profiles and chemical characterization through pharmacognostic evaluation and chemical assays, viz. HPLC, LCMC, HPTLC profiles were carried out that can possibly help to differentiate the drug from its other species. Swarna Jibanti is anti-infective, potentiates immunity and antibacterial activities. The standardization of Swarna Jibanti was carried out pharmacognostically through cellular and chemo-taxonomic profiles. A module of standard operating procedure along with of pharmacognostical studies and chemical characterization has been developed with the help of modern sophisticated tools. The antimicrobial activity of the test drug in different solvent system has been carried out which reveals its significant activity against certain microorganisms. The standardized Swarna Jibanti was found to be potent antimicrobial against certain microorganisms

17

Authors: Tripathi Arun Kumar , Singh Deshraj, Tiwari Akanksha

Cardiovascular diseases (CVD) comprises of the group of heart disease and the vascular system. The major conditions are Coronary heart disease (CHD), Hypertension and Congenital heart disease. The WHO has drawn attention to the fact that CHD is our modern “epidemic” i.e., a disease that affects population, not an unavoidable attribute of ageing. India is currently leading towards becoming a heart disease capital of the world. This puts a tremendous pressure on available resources of medical and surgical management. Treatment of cardiovascular diseases in elderly is not easy and there is a need for the development of drugs which can be used safely for a longer period. Many of the clinical features of “Hridroga” described in Ayurvedic classics are similar to that of cardiovascular diseases and can be adequately managed by classical herbs. This article aims at what are the risk factors and causes of cardiovascular diseases, their prevalence and with its possible prevention in Ayurveda