IMPACT : International Journal of Research in Engineering & Technology

25-36

Authors: SUDHANSU BHUSAN MOHAPATRA, PREMANANDA DAS, RAMESH CHANDRA MOHANTY & DHANESWAR SWAIN

Biodiesel from non-edible vegetable oils is of paramount significance in India due to insufficient edible oil production. The use of biodiesel has been widely accepted as an effective solution to reduce greenhouse emissions. The high potential of biodiesel in terms of PM, NOx, CO and CO2 emission reduction may represent an additional motivation for its wide use. However the poor low temperature operability is imperative. According to these observations a different behaviour of the after treatment system, especially as far as control issues of the Diesel Particulate Filter are concerned is also expected. The use of biodiesel as alternative to fossil fuel for light duty CI engines to reduce greenhouse gas emissions was widely investigated. However, poor stability of biodiesel - diesel mixture limits the use of biodiesel to low volume concentrations. This paper presents the results concerning the use of a novel fuel additive package containing, pour-point depressant with the aim to increase the quality and amount of biodiesel in the diesel-biodiesel blends. In the above context Kusum oil methyl ester was blended with 10%, 20% ethanol and 10% ethanol diesel (each) to investigate the engine performance and emission characteristics. Result revealed Kusum oil methyl ester blended with 20% ethanol can be fuelled to marine diesel engines without any modification in engine hardware in spite of a negligible power loss.

45-52

Authors: DHARA SHAH, DEVANG PATEL & HETAL JANI

Prestressing of structural elements especially steel girders improve their load bearing capacity and rigidity along with reduction in material consumption and overall cost for the same loading. The present study aims at preparing expedient interface for design of Steel I-Girder and Prestressed Steel I-Girder as per IRC24: 2010, encompassed through parametric study of two lane road bridges for varying span to depth ratios, considering 15m, 20m, 25m and 30m of spans. The analysis is done considering dead load, superimposed load and moving load as per class A-2 lane / class 70R loading. Design of prestressed steel I-girder is done by varying the diameter and number of strands. 9.5 mm, 11.1 mm, 12.7 mm and 15.2 mm diameter class B 7-ply strands are considered in 4, 8, 12, 16 and 20 numbers of groups. The cost comparison is done as per prevailing market rates. A definite increase in the bending capacity of steel I-girder is found when prestressed with strands, without any enhancement in shear capacity. Prestressed steel I-girder provides shallower depth of the girder for same L/D ratio. With increase in the strand area and number of strands, bending capacity increases for same L/D ratio. Prestressed steel I- girder shows cost saving up to 50% for 15m span, 37% for 20m span, 28% for 25m span and 20% for 30m span. Cost of girder per meter length decreases when applying the prestressing force with increase in L/D ratio.

07-12

Authors: DINESH KUMAR & SRIDHAR K

The abnormal economic conditions, global competition, customer’s aspiration has a major impact on the performance of the enterprises. Operation decisions are essential for proper planning in order to achieve the goal of the enterprise. In this paper, an attempt to an attempt is to make to arrive the operation decisions in a Small Scale enterprise. Real world problems are mainly based on multiple objectives rather than single objective. Application of a multi-objective programming model like goal programming model is an important tool for studying various aspects of management systems. Some multiple goals have decided in this paper. To arrive the specified goals of the enterprise, goal programming concept is followed. Mathematical model is formulated as per the goals and solution methodology is given. Thus the methodology to be followed by the enterprises for operation planning is reflected in this concept.

19-22

Authors: MARCELO PEGO GOMES, FRANKLIN ANDRADE DA SILVA, INÁCIO MALMONGE MARTIN & BOGOS NUBAR SISMANOGLU

A pilot study has been conducted to determine the feasibility of using low-cost portable instrument to measure and characterize the background gamma radiation in São José dos Campos, SP, Brazil. A NaI(Tl) scintillator coupled to a photomultiplier and connected to a PC recorded variations of the local background gamma radiation over extended periods of time. The collected data show that there is a correlation between meteorological parameters and the radiation level. This correlation can be attributed to variations in the concentration of radon gas Rn-222 at ground level produced by these meteorological phenomena. Measurements of energy calibration, stability and reproducibility of system were made during the work.

9-12

Authors: VIPIN BEHARI GOYAL

Epistolary became a popular genre all over Europe during 18 Century. Henry Fielding wrote a pamphlet anonymously “An Apology for the Life of Mrs. Shamela Andrews” (1741) to ridicule the Pamela. His most famous work “The History of the Adventures of Joseph Andrews and His Friend Mr. Abraham Adams” begins as burlesque, but soon takes a form of “comic epic poem in prose”. This is supposed to be first authentic novel of English, despite the work of Daniel Defoe, Jonathan Swift and Richardson. Walter Scott called Henry Fielding the “Father of The English Novels” due to the theories given by Fielding in the forward of his novels Joseph Andrews, Tom Jones and Amelia.

9-14

Authors: MADHUSUDHANAN. R& DIVYA SUBRAMANIYAN

“Personal Assistant “ the word itself means assistant working exclusively for one particular person. The major purpose of any automation system or artificial system is to reduce human labour, effort, time and errors due to his/her nelligence. The major goal of this project is to design and implement a Personal Assistant and Intelligent Home Assistant in a same device (via world –wide-web) or even any mode of Internet-Access, which gives the ability to control your home appliances and to perform task or service for an individual. These tasks or may be services are based on user input, on location and also the ability to access information from variety of online sources. Various sensor based control for this application is being added to improve the security and also the ability to make more accurate decisions.

21-26

Authors: SANDEEP SINGH, LAKHWINDER PAL SINGH & GURUDUTT SAHNI

In the modern period, there a requirement for casting units & foundry to deliver components with less rejection rate i.e. short lead time. The gating framework is assuming essential part in the field of quality. So optimization of gating framework in metal casting delivers the error free components. The principle motivation behind optimization of gating framework is expanding yield of cast items & overcome the defects like shrinkage, gas porosity, slag, inclusion, etc. Many researchers has been studied on optimization of gating system on the basis of Taguchi method, Numerical Simulation, Mold flow Software, Gradient Search Method, Genetic algorithm technique and so forth to diminish the defects. The target of this paper that improper design of gating framework and riser system result in internal shrinkage which is a major defect in cast product. So good design of gating system reduces defects and increase yield.

37-50

Authors: IKPOR ISAAC MONDAY & AGHA NANCY

The main objective of this study is to analyze the determinants of voluntary disclosure quality among listed firms in emerging economy. Unweighted voluntary disclosure quality index was used as the dependent variable, while firm disclosure quality determinants such as size, profitability, Board Composition and Gearing constitute the independent variables. Ex-post facto research method was employed as the research design. Data was sourced from 793 corporate annual reports of firms listed in the Nigeria stock exchange between 2000 to 2014.Two models; one based on the combined sample and the other on the non-financial companies only were developed. Generalized Method of Moment (GMM) regression techniques is used to test the statistical significance of the hypotheses of the study. Using the reduced model and full model, the results indicate that firm size and Board Composition has significant and positive relationship with voluntary disclosure quality. On the other hand, profitability and gearing were found to be significant and negatively related to the voluntary disclosure quality of listed firms in Nigeria. The implication of these findings is that large firm discloses more extensive information than do small firms. Moreover, highly profitable firms in Nigeria tend to disclose less information to avoid political attention in the form of pressure for the exercise of social responsibility and greater regulations such as price control and higher corporate taxes. Moreover, high number of non-executive independent directors on the board promotes extensive disclosure than do firms with less number of non-executive independent directors and finally, firms with more debt in their capital structure tend to provide less information to gain access to the capital markets and to reassure investors of the possibility of continuous going concern by the firms

65-76

Authors: SHARANJEET SINGH, AMARDEEP SINGH & SHRUTI

Whenever we talk about secret information, then in that case confidentiality plays a vital role in between communicating parties. Cryptography and Stegnography are the two main pillars of information security. Cryptography is used just to scramble the information by apply various algorithm e.g Deffie - Hellmen etc, but it is able to reveal secret information: that eavesdropper will come to know that this specific information will contain some confidential data. But Stegnography is completely opposite to it. It simply hide the content, In it only sender and receiver will come to know about the confidential information. Now, in this research article We will show that how an audio message will secretly hides confidential data and send it over a medium without a man in the middle will come to know about it: by using Coagula by sender to embed the message in audio and Sonic Visualizer by receiver for decoding purposes. The message which is to be send it can be audio, video, text, image and etc, but here we concerned about image which contain secret information. When image is embed in audio signal then it become stego-signal. In it quality of audio does not suffer because quality is checked twice before and after the extraction of secret message. Quality of stego-image is measured by peak signal to noise ratio(PSNR), Structural Similarity Index Metric(SSIM), Now extracted image is measured by Signal to noise ratio(SNR) and Squared Pearson correlation coefficients(SPCC). Both the quality measures will show good results.

13-24

Authors: RIYAD A. ABED

Heat shock protein or HSPs are being synthesized under different kind of stress conditions and act as molecular chaperones for protein molecules. because theses protein were first found in cell that were exposed to high temperature, they are called "heat shock protein " Several risk factors are involved in the pathogenesis of autoimmune rheumatic diseases, including genetic factors, smocking, chronic infections, sex hormones and stress. Stress is now recognized as an important risk factor in the pathogenesis of rheumatoid arthritis by considering that the activation the stress response of immune system. In this study that were investigating about role of heat shock protein 70 in pathogenesis and immune response in RA. The sample of the study includes 145 patients with RA. They were achieved four or more of the criteria of the 2010 American College of Rheumatology, the sample of control in the study include 60 person apparently healthy volunteers were included in this study. This study shown high statistically significant (P<0.00). Between studied group and control when we measured concentration of HSP70 on Samples, and shown slightly statistically significant between studied groups(P<0.05)according the gender. and this study shown high significant difference between subgroup of patients such as smokers, non-smokers, stressful, non-stressful, low economic status … e.t.c. Conclusions Some of environmental factors such as smoking, stressful, others chronic infections, duration of disease, age and sex reactive with genetic factors to play main role in the determination this immunological marker in patients with RA.

35-46

Authors: ADENIYI, D.A., WEI, Z. & YANG, Y

Navigation technology is considered as a fundamental problem in robotic technology. In this paper, we present hardware, software and algorithm design of a wireless control system for Autonomous Underwater Surveillance Vehicle (AUSV). We carefully designed and developed a wireless hardware control system for AUSV movement to assist fisheries operators in the collection and transmission of image data. We also developed software using C#(C-Sharp) programming language to control the movement of the AUSV. We, as well, proposed the adoption of a Hybrid Grid Map Based Genetic (HGMBG) path planning algorithm for finding an efficient optimal path in the grid map for the proposed AUSV. Extensive performance simulation results show that our control system is able to find optima path within a short time in similar environment with existing control system in almost all the simulation cases. Our system can, as well, provide an efficient and cost effective AUSV surveillance control operation consistently in a shallow water environment such as fisheries applications.

53-58

Authors: AAKANSHA SHRIVASTAVA

The Indian IT industry is one of the fastest growing industries and investments are flowing in to increase its manufacturing capacity. But, India is facing incremental challenges such as rising customer’s expectation, widening customer base of existing ones, fluctuating demand, taxation, lack of infrastructure and intense competition. Thus, India needs to be more efficient in her key activities or processes to cope with the challenges. Lean manufacturing could be a solution in order to improve the performance in this competitive globalized market where uncertainty is prevalent. The purpose of this study is to examine the techniques of adopting lean, the tools implemented, the motivators, obstacles and challenges in adopting lean in Indian industries. Lean is not merely a business improvement tool. It is a philosophy which needs to be driven from the top team down if it is to generate required levels of understanding and belief. In this paper, the implication of lean manufacturing used in information technology explored. Does the information technology facilitate the implementation lean techniques like value stream mapping, just in time (Jit) production systems or can it serve as a substitute for lean. Some examples of use of the information technology for these purposes are presented.

73-76

Authors: AMARDEEP SINGH, SHARANJIT SINGH, SHRUTI SHARMA, RAMANPREETKAUR & SANDEEP SINGH

There are various reasons behind migration of virtual machines running on one host to another due to of maintenance of the server, Load Balancing, to maintain SLA agreement or website migration. While these situations happens we require to transfer the data of VM from one host to another. There are two Techniques which are commonly used to migrate virtual machines between two physical serveri.e Pre-Copy and Post Copy with their advantages and disadvantages. In pre-copy while migration there is downtime occurs to redirect the traffic from one physical server to another. we present new idea to reduce the approximately 99% of downtime while transfer Virtual machine from one host to another by using the cloud caches technique. After implementing this technique we can reduce the most of downtime of the live virtual machine.

99-102

Authors: CHARITY G. RONAMO

This study focused on the documentation of the existing sports and socio-cultural related collections in every home of the Filipino ethnic groups of the selected municipalities in the province of North Cotabato, Philippines. The collection of photos and the determination of the extent of influence on ethnographic technologies and beliefs and practices from generation to generation focused only on implements, dance and musical instruments, arts and crafts, rituals and practices, socialization, sports and socio-cultural activities including courtship and marriage