Merit Research Journal of Medicine and Medical Sciences

018-027

Authors: Mohammad Y. M. Alqassem, SBFM, ABFM

Abstract Many smokers with chronic diseases that are clearly worsened by cigarette smoking fail to quit in spite of their repeated attempts. One reality is that not all smokers, even in the face of debilitating disease, can stop smoking. To assess the success/failure rates for quitting cigarette smoking as well as to identify risk factors for failure to maintain smoking abstinence for more than 12 months among male Saudis attending the “Anti-Smoking Clinic” in Abha City. This study followed a cross-section design conducted in Abha city. The study included all ex-smokers registered for at the Anti-Smoking Clinic for at least one year. A data collection sheet was utilized. It includes personal characteristics, clinical picture and investigations, received treatment, and status of cigarette smoking quitting. Keywords: Quit smoking, Anti-smoking clinic, Males, Saudi Arabia.

014-017

Authors: Dr. Riaz Ahmed Syed

Managing Acinetobacter baumannii infection is challenging during the treatment of infected ventriculoperitoneal shunt due to its propensity to develop multi drug resistance (MDR) to commonly used potent antibiotics in hospital settings. We present one such case with the challenge in its management. Keywords: Acinetobacter banumannii, hydrocephalus, multi-drug resistance (MDR)

007-013

Authors: Yaron Berkovitch, Jacob Shapira, Maruan Haddad, Yaniv Keren, Nahum Rosenberg

Anterior shoulder dislocation is a common traumatic event. Younger patients have increased risk for recurrent dislocations. Reduction of shoulder dislocation should be performed in a safe, convenient and patient tailored method. In young athletes with labral tear or with large engaging Hill-Sachs lesion, surgical stabilization should be considered to prevent additional dislocations. In other patients non-operative treatment with proper rehabilitation program might be considered. There is still a challenge to define the best timing and type of treatment which is most suitable for the individual patient. The method of treatment should be defined according to the patients’ age, occupation and physical activity. Keywords: Shoulder, dislocation, Bankart lesion, Hill-Sachs lesion, instability

066-072

Authors: Al-Kinani A. T. and Yassin Mohsen

The primary goal of a radiology quality assurance (QA) program is to ensure adequate clinical diagnostic information and low dose (ALARA principle). This can be achieved by optimum operating parameters such as kVp (peak voltage the highest kilo voltage used in producing a radiograph), Entrance skin dose ESD, linearity of tube current and exposure time and beam quality assess of x-ray machine. Six conventional X-ray instruments in medical city at Baghdad from different origins and different manufacturing time. Protocol for QA was perform to measure different parameter such as patient entrance surface dose air kerma ESD, reproducibility of peak tube voltage, linearity of tube current, linearity of exposure time, and the filtration. The mean (ESD) were measured for different organ using (Dosimax), (Unfors) ionization chamber and thermoluminance dosimeter (TLD). (TLD) reading was higher than average value of ionization chamber because the scattering of radiation inpatient body, the scattering coefficient were range between (1.1 – 1.05). The voltage stability for the machine were tested for three machines (A, B, and C) and found the percentage of voltage ripple to machine (B and C) is (3.79) and (4.856) respectively and for machines A was 11.4. The Linearity of current and exposure time exposure were assess, and found that this relationship is linear for the machines (B and C) but not for the machine (A). Half Value Layer (HVL) test for the three machines was measured. Keywords: QA, diagnostic x-ray, kVp, current linearity

001-006

Authors: Dr. Jahanara Rahman

Acardiac foetus also referred as Twin Reversed Arterial Perfusion (TRAP) sequence is a unique complication of monozygotic twin where the parasitic twin fails to develop heart and upper part of the body. It is thought that the acardiac foetus develops from reversed circulation of artery-to-artery or vein to vein anastomosis without any vascular communication with the placenta. It has an incidence of approximately 1% of monozygotic twins or 1 in 35,000 deliveries. To report a rare event- acardiac foetus born with a monozygotic co-twin in 2008, Dhaka National Medical College and Hospital. An acardiac amorphous twin was delivered by caesarean section at 30 weeks of gestational age with an asphyxiated living co-twin weighing 1000gm. The normal co-twin was apparently devoid of any gross congenital anomaly but expired 48 hours after birth. As the case was undiagnosed prior to delivery, no antenatal attempt was taken to secure the healthy baby’s life by interrupting affected twin’s circulation. Keywords: Acardiac foetus, monozygotic twin, circulatory intervention